Lyre
______________________________
/ Jesus -Curses the Fig - Tree /
|
/ Michael / is / An Angel / Holding / The Key to the Bottomle-ss Pit / and / A Great Chain /
|
____|________/ Who is ? of Ahlai / Who is ? of Bozrah / of / Who is ? of Zochar /_____|____
|
/ "You Must Be Born Again" /
|
/ Bee - Koz /
|
/ The Men of Iconium /
|
/ Our Father's Sinned / Who's Father Sin ? / Your First Father Sinned / Sin of Your Father of Sinai /
|
/ Jonah the son of Amitta /
|
/ Avvim / of / Adam / of / City of Adam / and Eve / of / Ninevah /
|
/ Nic-olia-tan-s / of / Hoopoe, and the Bat / of / Hathath / Hathach / Hatched /
|
/ Feather of Hen's of Og / of / Knessets / of / The Eagle of Saladin /
|
/ Axe-Men / of Acts of Luke / of / Lukud of Likhi / Hatched / Under A Kamon /
|
/ Beth -/ Twin-Gazelles that Grazes among the Lilies /- Baal /
|
/ So you shall purge the evil from your midst /
|
/ Up Root the Weeds of / Debauchery / of / Those Who -Despise ? /
|
/ Humpty Dumpty / of / Anuki / of / Aztec -Incah--Micah / Hid Them Selves / Behind-America /
|
_________of_________
|
______________________________
/ Jesus -Curses the Fig - Tree /
|
/ Michael / is / An Angel / Holding / The Key to the Bottomle-ss Pit / and / A Great Chain /
|
____|________/ Who is ? of Ahlai / Who is ? of Bozrah / of / Who is ? of Zochar /_____|____
|
/ "You Must Be Born Again" /
|
/ Bee - Koz /
|
/ The Men of Iconium /
|
/ Our Father's Sinned / Who's Father Sin ? / Your First Father Sinned / Sin of Your Father of Sinai /
|
/ Jonah the son of Amitta /
|
/ Avvim / of / Adam / of / City of Adam / and Eve / of / Ninevah /
|
/ Nic-olia-tan-s / of / Hoopoe, and the Bat / of / Hathath / Hathach / Hatched /
|
/ Feather of Hen's of Og / of / Knessets / of / The Eagle of Saladin /
|
/ Axe-Men / of Acts of Luke / of / Lukud of Likhi / Hatched / Under A Kamon /
|
/ Beth -/ Twin-Gazelles that Grazes among the Lilies /- Baal /
|
/ So you shall purge the evil from your midst /
|
/ Up Root the Weeds of / Debauchery / of / Those Who -Despise ? /
|
/ Humpty Dumpty / of / Anuki / of / Aztec -Incah--Micah / Hid Them Selves / Behind-America /
|
_________of_________
|
/ Lyre / Y Eye I / L-ir-e / 's ? /
|
/ Sir / -are- / Lords / Rulers / Daites / and / Knights /
|
___________of___________
|
/ The Milk / of / The Milk and Honey / of / The Honey /
|
/ Cretans / of / City of Palms-COCO Nuts-City of Palms / of / Dubai /
|
/ The Hasmonean Dynasty of / Maacah / Maccabees / Bees / of / Alphaeus / of / Janiah /
|
/ Fist / of / A Rose / of / Pistachio -Nuts, and Almonds. / of / Aztec -Incah--Micah /
|
/ Amalekites / of / R-abba-h / of / Mordecai /
|
_________________of_________________
|
/ The Feast / Nisan / Purim-/- Adar /
/ The Feast / of / The Three of Arrows / of / The Wheel /
|
/ Sir / -are- / Lords / Rulers / Daites / and / Knights /
|
/ Lyre / Y Eye I / L-ir-e / 's ? /
|
_________________of_________________
|
/ Bee - Koz / of / The Men of Iconium / of / Jonah the son of Amitta / of / Sons of Anarchy /
|
/ Sir / -are- / Lords / Rulers / Daites / and / Knights /
|
/ Lyre / Y Eye I / L-ir-e / 's ? /
|
/ Samaritans / of / ISIS - Uranus / of / Anuki /
|
/ The Books of Jubilees / of / Bab- / Beb- / Bib- / Bob- / Bub- / of / The Books of / Quran /
|
/ Elect-or-ates / of / The Leech / of / Sh-rines / of / Carmel / of / "Beyond the Jordan" /
|
/ Pirates of Caribbean /
|
/ EU-ropes /
|
/ Head Covering /
|
/ The Poles / and / The Ropes / of the Ark of / Polish Politics / of / Potiphar /
|
/ Nazareth / Na-zar-ene / Nazirite /
|
/ Potters / of / Elkanah / of / Jeroham of Gedor / of / Eliel the Mahavite / of Pashhur of Immer /
|
/ Two Sons / of / Tou King of Hamath / of / Toah /
|
/ House of Obed-Edom / of / Syria is in League with Ephraim / of / House of Eli-Melech /
|
/ Segub / of / Serug to Seraiah / of / Serpent / of / Bronze Serpent / of / Serug /
|
/ Sachar the Hararite /
|
/ Heroes of Moab /
|
[ Gibeah's Crime ]
|
/ Cabul-ist /
|
[ The Sin of Achan ]
|
/ Cabul-ist / of / Philosophers / of / Ashteroth-Karnaim / of / Nebo-(Karnebo) / of / Z-ion-ism /
_________________________________________
|
/ The Feast / of / The Seasons / of / The Cabul-ist / of / Jackals / of / The Z-ion-ism /of / The Sun / of / The Spring /
|
________________of________________
|
/ Sir / -are- / Lords / Rulers / Daites / and / Knights /
|
/ Lyre / Y Eye I / L-ir-e / 's ? /
|
/ The Bankers / of / Liver - Pool / of / Club / of / Kent /
|
/ Head of the Two Ways /
|
/ Abdon son of Hillel the Pirathonite / sons of Immer /
|
/ Ptolema-ic / of / Publius / of / Syracuse,/ Sicily / of / Silesia / of / Cilicia / of / Seleu-cia /
|
/ Roman / Rome / Romah / Romia / Remaliah / Remaliah / Rumah / Ramah / Raamah / Raama /
|
[ The Sin of Achan ]
|
/ Amalekites / Who ? Crooked / The Cook / Who is ? of Hook /
|
/ Laban-ese / Phoen-ic-CIA / Crypto Jew-ish / MAphiah / Mob-lord-Cartel-Nob /
|
_________________of_________________
|
/ The Feast / of / Passover(Pasach) / of / Han-Anuki-KKK-Kah- Suit / of / The LampStands /
/ The Tish-rei /
|
/ Lyre / Y Eye I / L-ir-e / 's ? /
|
/ Lyre / of / Instruments / of / Harp /
|
/ A Box / of / The Singers / of / Gatekeepers / of / The Eighteen of Siloam of Wheel of Elijah /
|
/ Sir / -are- / Lords / Rulers / Daites / and / Knights /
|
/ Lyre / Y Eye I / L-ir-e / 's ? /
|
/ Great Ones / of / Assyria / Y-Eye-I / Assir / of / Pas-dammim /
|
/ Yoke of / Dodo / Eg-gg's of Do-eg the Edomite / Who ? / Do The Math / of / Abi-Lot / of / Job /
|
/ Ag- / Eg-ypt / Ig- / Og- / Ug-ly /
|
/ Five Golden Tumors and Five Golden Mice /
|
/ Korah's Rebellion / Moab Rebelled (Kir-har-ese-th) / Rebellion of Sheba /
|
/ In those Days / Dan / Who Leaps ? / A Leopard / of / Barzillai the Gileadite / of / Bashan /
|
/ Samaritans / of / Oholah / of / Lead-ers / of / Oholibah / of / Jerusalem /
|
/ Mizpah of Gi-lead /
|
/ IRA the Jairite /
|
/ Gibeah's Crime /
|
/ Consider / Spie-s-/-Der-s / of / Mole -- Boar-- Sow--Web / of / Ra-Venous -Venom /
|
/ Consider / The / Spie-s-/-Der-s / of / Aztec -Incah--Micah /
|
/ Cri-/ Hypocricy / Y Eye I / Hipo-cri-ites /
|
/ Ben-Jamin-nite /
|
/ Sons of Anarchy /
|
/ Samaritans / of / Anuki / of / Uranus / The Rooster / Crows / Brow /
|
/ Sachar the Hararite /
|
/ Abianus / King Chittim / Lysanias- Tetrarch of Abilene, / of / Kikianus King of Cush /
|
/ Lucius / of / Lucus king of / Sardunia / Brother of Bela / of / Lycaonia /
|
/ Chaldean / Aramean / Judeans / Haes-mone-an / Sabeans /
|
/ Libya / Y-Eye-I / Libni /
|
/ Tyre / of / Laban-ese / Phoen-ic-CIA / Crypto Jew-ish / MAphiah / Mob-lord-Cartel-Nob / of / Tel-Aviv /
|
/ Pantheon / Eunuchs / of / Pithom / of / The Senate / of / Rameses / of / Babylon / of / Thebes /
|
/ Cyrene / Y Eye I / C-ir-ene /
|
/ The -Aim / of / Moadiah's - Ben's / Art-ifi-CIA-l Intelligence / of / Ukraine's CIA's Spies ]
|
/ Look / Inside / On the seals are the names of / Nehemiah the governor, the son of Hacaliah, / of / Chislev /
|
/ The Matter / of / The Kings - Assassins / In The Gar-den / of / The Cos-t / of / The Polish Politics /
____________________________________________________________________
|1 |2 |3 |4 |5
/ Raise a Signal -Make a SignPost /- Blow and -Sound the Alarm /- and the Trumpets /
|
/ Oppose / and / Expose /
|
/ Japheth-/ Beth / of / Both of Them / of / Baal /-Shem /
|
/ Hellenist of Alexandria /
|
/ The House of Eli /
|
/ Philistines from Caphtor /--/ Phoenicians /--/ from / Syrians from Kir ? /
|
/ Pirates of the Caribean /
|
/ Abi-melech-Conspiracy" / Timber / and / Stones / of / "Gibeonite Desception" /
|
/ Their Elders /--Hanan--/ Head and Tail /
|
/ Called By Their Name /
|
/ Consp-ic-uous- / CIA / --/ Chi-/-iz-zi-/-ina /-- / Micah /-Cons-ola-tion /
|
/ The Levant /
|
/ Zochar /
|
/ Hasmon-ean / Ha-shem / of / Hasham/Chus-ham/Hushim / of the Zerahites /
|
/ Balak / of / Mt. Halak /-Is-/ Mt. Meron / of / Balaam /
|
/ The Kenites / of / The Oak of Moreh / of Elon /
|
/ Palti the son of Laish who was of Gallim / the city Dan / of Bashan /
|
/ Hazor -/ Beth-Rehob /- Golan /
|
/ Pantheon / Eunuchs / of / Babylon / of / Thebes /
|
____________________________of____________________________
/ The Ancient / Books of / The Bible / and / The Book of Jashar /
|
/ The Books of Jubilees / of / Bab- / Beb- / Bib- / Bob- / Bub- / of / The Books of / Quran /
|
/ Nazareth / Na-zar-ene / Nazirite /
|
/ Korah's Rebellion / Moab Rebelled (Kir-har-ese-th) / Rebellion of Sheba /
|
/ Laban-ese / Phoen-ic-CIA / Crypto Jew-ish / MAphiah / Mob-lord-Cartel-Nob /
|
/ Cabul-ist / of / Philosophers / of / Ashteroth-Karnaim / of / Nebo-(Karnebo) / of / Z-ion-ism /
|
/ Bethlehem-ite / of / Hebron / of / The House of Shiloh / of / Ephrath-ite (that is Bethlehem)
|
/ House of Obed-Edom / of / Syria is in League with Ephraim / of / House of Eli-Melech /
|
/ Shelah / of / The Plain of the Valley / of / Jehoshaphat / and his Brother / Emim / of / Mamre /
|
/ Gen-eal-ogy of David / of / Jether and Jonathan / of / G-ene-al-og-y of Saul /
|
/ House of Israel / of / House of Is-ra-ael / of / Elders of Israel /
|
/ House of Jacob / of / House of Joseph / Ephraim / and / Asenath / and his Brother / Ben-jamin /
|
/ House of Saul / Royal House of Edom / House of Judah /
|
/ The Princes of Zadok -the priest / of Nobles who Arrived in G-ene-va of Munich are Eunuchs /
|
/ Pantheon / Eunuchs / of / Babylon / of / Thebes /
|
/ Rabbi / Dayan / Judge /
|
/ Tanners / of / S-ham / of / Ararat /
|
/ Who Captured the Ark ? /
|
/ Walked / Backwards /-is-/ Abel /-is-/ Babel /-is-/ Talked - Backwards /
|
/ Naked /
|
__________of__________
|
/ Avvim / of / Royal / Royal Family / of / Edom /
|
_________of_________
|
[ The Lord's Day of Vengeance ]
________________________________________
/ Judah is Like all the other Nations /
|
/ US- / Thus and So / SO- /
|
/ Bartholomew / son of Matthias / the father of Josep-Hus /
|
/ Has- / Hes- / His-Disciples-Transgression of House of Jacob / Hos- / Hus /
________________________________________________________
/ Ach-iram / Mesh-ech / B-ic-h-ri / En-och / Sele-uc-h-ia /
|
/ Ach-Accad-Acco-Ak- / Ech- Ek- / Ich- Ik- / Och- Ok- / Uch- Uk /
|
/ Peleg / of / Javan / at / Avi / Seir / at / Havilah / of / Joktan /
|
/ CIA / -- / C-hi-a / -- / Micah /
|
/ Ahaz Sons of Micah / and / Abdon the son of Micah /
|
/ Par-thians / of / Per-u-ez / of / Pir-ai-tes / of / Por-or-tu-gal / of / Pur-Ur-Persia /
|
/ To-u / of / Og / of / Togarmah / of / Gomer / of / Gomorrah /
|
/ Keilah / the Garmite /
|
/ Kenites -Oak- Amorites /
|
/ Mored / of / Shelah / of / Moriah /
__________________________________
/ Sound the Alarm /
|
/ Son of Man / of / Worship / of / Cyrene / Y Eye I / C-ir-ene / are / Builders / of / War-Ships /
|
/ Ge-harashim / So called / Craftsman / are / Mariner / Mer-chants / of / Hornaim /
|
/ Princes / of / Hammer / of / Shechem / of / Anom / of / Pharaoh /
|
/ Beth -/ Both of Them /- Baal /
|
_____________of_____________
|
/ The House of Eli /
|
/ Their Elders /--Hanan--/ Head and Tail /
|
_______________of_______________
|
/ The Potters of / Beyond the Euphates / Meso-pot-amia / of / Abel-mizraim / of / Ur /
|
/ Joshua and Caleb / of Jether and Jonathan / of Jerahmeel / of Hezron of Perez of Tamar /
|
/ Joshua and Caleb of / Jether / of / Jethro / of / Jetur / of / Gether / of / Chittim / of / Lud-im /
|
/ Timnath-Serah / of / Temeni / of / Timnah / of / Chushim / of / Teman / of / Tema / of / Jetur /
|
/ Eshtaolites / of / Eshtaol / of / Eshcol / of / Eshtemoa / of / Ashcol / of / Kiriath-jearim /
of
/ Sham / Shem / Shim / Shomron / Shu-math-ites /
of
/ Lasha-ron / Lasha / Laishah / Sha-ron / La-ish / Lachish / of / -ish /
|
/ Has-monean / of / Ha-shem / of / Ha-shum / of / Manean /
of
/ Judahite wife / of / Shimron-Meron / of / Merari /
|
_____________________of_____________________
|
/ Gabriel -/ Two / Cherubim / of / Hammered / Gold /- Rephael /
|
/ Kiyyun / Trumpet -/ Forgers / Carpenters of Carved Images / Horns /- Spear / Cresent /
|
/ Called By Their Name /
of
/ Zillah /
of
/ Tubal -/ Sho-bal /- Cain /
_________________________________
/ Their Elders /---/ Head and Tail /
|
/ Philistines from Captor / Gibeonite Desception / Syrians from Kir ? /
|
/ Carites / of / Carmel / of / Merari / of / Mari / of / Avvim /
|
/ Set up in Secret /
_________________________________
/ The Crown and The Temple /
|
/ Hen's of Og /
|
/ Merari-tes / of / Clopas / of / Iberiah / of / Ib-leam /
|
/ Caleb of / Jether / of / Jethro / of / Jetur /
|
/ Korah the son of Jetzer the son of Kehath /
|
/ Joktan /
|
/ Roman / Solomon and Sheba / Ottoman /
|
/ Ben -/- Jamin /
_________________________
/ Judah is like all the other Nations /
______________________________________
/ Ramathite / are / H-ama-thites / of / Canaan /
|
/ A Goat is a Ram / is / Alemann-ic / of / Arama-ic / and / Arab-ic /
|
/ Kesed son of Dumah / of / Eli- / Eloi / Eli- / of / Kezem son of Kedar /
|
/ Ahimelech / Ahi- / Ahi-tub / Tub- / -al / Tubal-Cain / Tu-bal / Abi-tub / Abi- / Abi-melech /
|
/ Azdrubal and Anibal /
|
/ Abdon son of Hillel the Pirathonite /
|
/ Their Elders /
|
/ Manaen / of / Balkan Region / Persian / of / Ur /
|
/ Arpachshad /
|
/ Berber Moors / of / Sardunia / of / Bar-Riot / of / Turnus / of / Râsû’ĕjâ of Rajasthan /
|
/ Ber-ber / Moores / of / Boer / of / Iberiah / of / Bera / of / Eber / are / Bar-b-arians /
|
/ Cyrene / Y Eye I / C-ir-ene /
|
______________of______________
|
/ Their Elders /--Hanan--/ Head and Tail /
|
/ Potters of / Beyond the Euphates / Meso-pot-amia / of / Abel-mizraim /
|
/ Carites / of / Carmel / of / Merari / of / Mariners / of / Mari / of / Mardon / of / Avvim /
|
/ Carites are Tanner the Kartan of Carchemish of Karnek of Thebes / at Carmel / of Shinar /
|
/ Carites / of / Carmel / of / Merari / of / Mari / of / Avvim / of / Sihon /
|
/ Carites of / Gera - Gerar - Gur-baal / of / Carmel / Kurmul / in Maon / of Bera /
|
/ Carites / of / Javan / of Mari / of / Ararat / of / Arnon / of / Avvim / of Edom /
|
/ Tyre / Y Eye I / Tiras /
|
/ Ta-nners / of / Te-man / of / Ti-mnath-Serah / of / To-biah / of / Tu-rnus /
|
/ Hellenist of Alexandria /
|
/ Philistines from Captor / Gibeonite Desception / Syrians from Kir ? /
|
/ Chittim / of / Javan / of / Shittim /
|
/ P-elo-nites / of / Ash-k-elon /
|
/ The Kenites / of / The Oak of On the Hill of Moreh / of Elon /
|
/ Gilgal / of / Jeri-cho / of / Shiloh /
|
_______________of_______________
|
/ Amorite Kings / of Illyricum / of Eliakam /
|
/ Mysia / of / Balkans Region / of / Lydia /
|
/ Parathon king of Chazar /
|
/ Piram king of Jarmuth, /
|
/ Abdon the son of Hillel the Pirathonite /
|
/ Balak Summons Balaam /
|
/ Balkans Region /
and
/ Sent messengers to Balaam /
|
/ Mesopotamia /
|
/ Tyrians / of / Pethor and Bizayon / of / Lud and Aram / of / Arpachshad /
|
/ Janeas / of / "Balaam's Error" / of / Acuzi /
|
/ Balaam the Magician / the son of Beor at Pethor / of / Peor /
|
/ Bela sons of Beor son of Janeas son of Balaam son's of Beor son of Laban /
|
/ Bela a man of Asshur / of Ninevah /
/ Bela in the Land of Zoar after his name; the land of Zoar / the City was Dinhabah /
|
/ Ushpezena, the daughter of Azdrubal / of Bela / Angeas king of Africa of Chittim
|
son of Javan
|
/ Abim-nas / and / Abianus King of Chittim / son of / Javan /
|
/ Abim-elech / King of The Philistines / and / Ben-malich / son of / Abimelech /
|
/ After the name of his father, for thus was it their custom to do in Gerar /
|
/ Anibal the brother of Azdrubal king of Africa / Azdrubal son of / Bela/Angean / King of Edom /
|
/ Abianus king of Chittim ruled over Edom,
and
fought against the inhabitants of Britannia-Chittim,
and
Edom became one kingdom
Edom, and their government was with the children of Chittim and their king
|
/ Edom became one kingdom with the children of Chittim /
|
/ Latinus fought against
the inhabitants of Britannia and Kernania, the children of Elisha son of Javan,
he prevailed over them and made them tributary
|
/ Anibal son of Bela/Angeas returns to Chittim son of Javan and defeats Latinus /
|
/ Britannia-Chittim of Edom / Anibal son of Bela/Angeas '/ of / Chittim of / Javan /
and
/ Esau is Esau /
|
/ Tubal -/ Sho-bal /- Cain /
|
/ Ban / Ib-ben / Ben / Bin / Bon / Jew-ish-Bund-les /
|
/ Bar-Riot / of / Amaw / of / Eri-trea /
|
____________of____________
|
/ "Curse Meroz" /
|
/ Az-ariah / Ez-rah / Zer-ah / Iz-har / Oz-ni / Uz-ziah /
|
/ Az-iel / Ez-rah / Iz-har / B-Oz-rah / Uz-ziel /
|
/ Abel-Mizraim it is beyond the Jordan /
|
/ of Merari: Mahli and Mushi. The sons of Mahli: Eleazar /
Eleazar had only daughter and the sons of Kish Married them
|
___________of___________
|
/ Jud-ahi-te wife / Shim-ron-Mer-on / of / Merari /
|
/ Philip / Herodias / Herod /
|
/ John / of / Elijah /
|
/ Elizabeth/Elisheba /
|
/ Kesed son of Dumah / of / Eli- / Eloi / Eli- / of / Kezem son of Kedar /
|
/ Eli of Meribah / of / Eli / of / Eli of Malchulth /
|
/ House of Eli /
|
_____________of_____________
|
/ Lyre / Y Eye I / L-ir-e /
|
/ Lie / Liar /
|
/ E-lie-zer / Elien-ai / Nahaliel / Eliel / Eliehoen-ai / Eli-oen-ai / Gamaliel /
|
/ Enmity-Enan- Enaim-Cult-Protitute /
|
/ Matt-enai / B-enai-ah / E-lie-nai / Eloi-enai / Tettenai / Shethar-Bozenai /
/ Eliehoenai /
|
/ Arieh / Ariel / E-lie-ho-enai / Eloi-enai /
|
/ Kesed son of Dumah / of / Eli- / Eloi / Eli- / of / Kezem son of Kedar /
|
/ Cho-ir-master / According to the / Li-lies /
|
/ Aliens Residents / of / Allies of Abraham /
|
_____________of_____________
|
/ Lot / son of / Madai / of / Kesed / of / Kemuel /
|
/ Kezem son of Kedar / of / Madai / of / Kesed / of / Kemuel / of / Kesed son of Dumah /
|
/ Carites / of / Carmel / of / Merari / of / Kêsêd / of / Mari / of / Mardon / of / Avvim /
|
/ Benib son of Tiras / of / Benon the son of Kesed son of Kemuel / of / Benah son of Put /
|
/ Eloim, Eloim / of / Ahlai / of / Gibeath-elohim /
|
/ Kesed son of Dumah / of / Eli- / Eloi / Eli- / of / Kezem son of Kedar /
|
/ Ahimelech / Ahi- / Ahi-tub / Tub- / -al / Tubal-Cain / Tu-bal / Abi-tub / Abi- / Abi-melech /
_______________________________________
/ Ar- / Er- / Ir- / Or- / Ur- /
|
/ Lyre / Y Eye I / L-ir-e /
|
/ Eli- / Eloi / Eli- /
|
/ My God, My God, /
__________________________________________________________________
| | |
|1 |2 |3 |4 |5
/ Raise a Signal -Make a SignPost /- Blow and -Sound the Alarm /- and the Trumpets /
|
/ Oppose / and / Expose /
|
/ Japheth-/ Beth / of / Both of Them / of / Baal /-Shem /
|
/ Hellenist of Alexandria /
|
/ The House of Eli /
|
/ Philistines from Caphtor /--/ Phoenicians /--/ from / Syrians from Kir ? /
|
/ Pirates of the Caribean /
|
/ Abi-melech-Conspiracy" / Timber / and / Stones / of / "Gibeonite Desception" /
|
/ Their Elders /--Hanan--/ Head and Tail /
|
/ Called By Their Name /
|
/ Consp-ic-uous- / CIA / --/ Chi-/-iz-zi-/-ina /-- / Micah /-Cons-ola-tion /
|
/ The Levant /
|
/ Zochar /
|
/ Hasmon-ean / Ha-shem / of / Hasham/Chus-ham/Hushim / of the Zerahites /
|
/ Balak / of / Mt. Halak /-Is-/ Mt. Meron / of / Balaam /
|
/ The Kenites / of / The Oak of Moreh / of Elon /
|
/ Palti the son of Laish who was of Gallim / the city Dan / of Bashan /
|
/ Hazor -/ Beth-Rehob /- Golan /
|
/ Pantheon / Eunuchs / of / Babylon / of / Thebes /
|
____________________________of____________________________
/ The Ancient / Books of / The Bible / and / The Book of Jashar /
|
/ The Books of Jubilees / of / Bab- / Beb- / Bib- / Bob- / Bub- / of / The Books of / Quran /
|
/ Nazareth / Na-zar-ene / Nazirite /
|
/ Korah's Rebellion / Moab Rebelled (Kir-har-ese-th) / Rebellion of Sheba /
|
/ Laban-ese / Phoen-ic-CIA / Crypto Jew-ish / MAphiah / Mob-lord-Cartel-Nob /
|
/ Cabul-ist / of / Philosophers / of / Ashteroth-Karnaim / of / Nebo-(Karnebo) / of / Z-ion-ism /
|
/ Bethlehem-ite / of / Hebron / of / The House of Shiloh / of / Ephrath-ite (that is Bethlehem)
|
/ House of Obed-Edom / of / Syria is in League with Ephraim / of / House of Eli-Melech /
|
/ Shelah / of / The Plain of the Valley / of / Jehoshaphat / and his Brother / Emim / of / Mamre /
|
/ Gen-eal-ogy of David / of / Jether and Jonathan / of / G-ene-al-og-y of Saul /
|
/ House of Israel / of / House of Is-ra-ael / of / Elders of Israel /
|
/ House of Jacob / of / House of Joseph / Ephraim / and / Asenath / and his Brother / Ben-jamin /
|
/ House of Saul / Royal House of Edom / House of Judah /
|
/ The Princes of Zadok -the priest / of Nobles who Arrived in G-ene-va of Munich are Eunuchs /
|
/ Pantheon / Eunuchs / of / Babylon / of / Thebes /
|
/ Rabbi / Dayan / Judge /
|
/ Tanners / of / S-ham / of / Ararat /
|
/ Who Captured the Ark ? /
|
/ Walked / Backwards /-is-/ Abel /-is-/ Babel /-is-/ Talked - Backwards /
|
/ Naked /
|
__________of__________
|
/ Avvim / of / Royal / Royal Family / of / Edom /
|
_________of_________
|
[ The Lord's Day of Vengeance ]
________________________________________
/ Judah is Like all the other Nations /
|
/ US- / Thus and So / SO- /
|
/ Bartholomew / son of Matthias / the father of Josep-Hus /
|
/ Has- / Hes- / His-Disciples-Transgression of House of Jacob / Hos- / Hus /
________________________________________________________
/ Ach-iram / Mesh-ech / B-ic-h-ri / En-och / Sele-uc-h-ia /
|
/ Ach-Accad-Acco-Ak- / Ech- Ek- / Ich- Ik- / Och- Ok- / Uch- Uk /
|
/ Peleg / of / Javan / at / Avi / Seir / at / Havilah / of / Joktan /
|
/ CIA / -- / C-hi-a / -- / Micah /
|
/ Ahaz Sons of Micah / and / Abdon the son of Micah /
|
/ Par-thians / of / Per-u-ez / of / Pir-ai-tes / of / Por-or-tu-gal / of / Pur-Ur-Persia /
|
/ To-u / of / Og / of / Togarmah / of / Gomer / of / Gomorrah /
|
/ Keilah / the Garmite /
|
/ Kenites -Oak- Amorites /
|
/ Mored / of / Shelah / of / Moriah /
__________________________________
/ Sound the Alarm /
|
/ Son of Man / of / Worship / of / Cyrene / Y Eye I / C-ir-ene / are / Builders / of / War-Ships /
|
/ Ge-harashim / So called / Craftsman / are / Mariner / Mer-chants / of / Hornaim /
|
/ Princes / of / Hammer / of / Shechem / of / Anom / of / Pharaoh /
|
/ Beth -/ Both of Them /- Baal /
|
_____________of_____________
|
/ The House of Eli /
|
/ Their Elders /--Hanan--/ Head and Tail /
|
_______________of_______________
|
/ The Potters of / Beyond the Euphates / Meso-pot-amia / of / Abel-mizraim / of / Ur /
|
/ Joshua and Caleb / of Jether and Jonathan / of Jerahmeel / of Hezron of Perez of Tamar /
|
/ Joshua and Caleb of / Jether / of / Jethro / of / Jetur / of / Gether / of / Chittim / of / Lud-im /
|
/ Timnath-Serah / of / Temeni / of / Timnah / of / Chushim / of / Teman / of / Tema / of / Jetur /
|
/ Eshtaolites / of / Eshtaol / of / Eshcol / of / Eshtemoa / of / Ashcol / of / Kiriath-jearim /
of
/ Sham / Shem / Shim / Shomron / Shu-math-ites /
of
/ Lasha-ron / Lasha / Laishah / Sha-ron / La-ish / Lachish / of / -ish /
|
/ Has-monean / of / Ha-shem / of / Ha-shum / of / Manean /
of
/ Judahite wife / of / Shimron-Meron / of / Merari /
|
_____________________of_____________________
|
/ Gabriel -/ Two / Cherubim / of / Hammered / Gold /- Rephael /
|
/ Kiyyun / Trumpet -/ Forgers / Carpenters of Carved Images / Horns /- Spear / Cresent /
|
/ Called By Their Name /
of
/ Zillah /
of
/ Tubal -/ Sho-bal /- Cain /
_________________________________
/ Their Elders /---/ Head and Tail /
|
/ Philistines from Captor / Gibeonite Desception / Syrians from Kir ? /
|
/ Carites / of / Carmel / of / Merari / of / Mari / of / Avvim /
|
/ Set up in Secret /
_________________________________
/ The Crown and The Temple /
|
/ Hen's of Og /
|
/ Merari-tes / of / Clopas / of / Iberiah / of / Ib-leam /
|
/ Caleb of / Jether / of / Jethro / of / Jetur /
|
/ Korah the son of Jetzer the son of Kehath /
|
/ Joktan /
|
/ Roman / Solomon and Sheba / Ottoman /
|
/ Ben -/- Jamin /
_________________________
/ Judah is like all the other Nations /
______________________________________
/ Ramathite / are / H-ama-thites / of / Canaan /
|
/ A Goat is a Ram / is / Alemann-ic / of / Arama-ic / and / Arab-ic /
|
/ Kesed son of Dumah / of / Eli- / Eloi / Eli- / of / Kezem son of Kedar /
|
/ Ahimelech / Ahi- / Ahi-tub / Tub- / -al / Tubal-Cain / Tu-bal / Abi-tub / Abi- / Abi-melech /
|
/ Azdrubal and Anibal /
|
/ Abdon son of Hillel the Pirathonite /
|
/ Their Elders /
|
/ Manaen / of / Balkan Region / Persian / of / Ur /
|
/ Arpachshad /
|
/ Berber Moors / of / Sardunia / of / Bar-Riot / of / Turnus / of / Râsû’ĕjâ of Rajasthan /
|
/ Ber-ber / Moores / of / Boer / of / Iberiah / of / Bera / of / Eber / are / Bar-b-arians /
|
/ Cyrene / Y Eye I / C-ir-ene /
|
______________of______________
|
/ Their Elders /--Hanan--/ Head and Tail /
|
/ Potters of / Beyond the Euphates / Meso-pot-amia / of / Abel-mizraim /
|
/ Carites / of / Carmel / of / Merari / of / Mariners / of / Mari / of / Mardon / of / Avvim /
|
/ Carites are Tanner the Kartan of Carchemish of Karnek of Thebes / at Carmel / of Shinar /
|
/ Carites / of / Carmel / of / Merari / of / Mari / of / Avvim / of / Sihon /
|
/ Carites of / Gera - Gerar - Gur-baal / of / Carmel / Kurmul / in Maon / of Bera /
|
/ Carites / of / Javan / of Mari / of / Ararat / of / Arnon / of / Avvim / of Edom /
|
/ Tyre / Y Eye I / Tiras /
|
/ Ta-nners / of / Te-man / of / Ti-mnath-Serah / of / To-biah / of / Tu-rnus /
|
/ Hellenist of Alexandria /
|
/ Philistines from Captor / Gibeonite Desception / Syrians from Kir ? /
|
/ Chittim / of / Javan / of / Shittim /
|
/ P-elo-nites / of / Ash-k-elon /
|
/ The Kenites / of / The Oak of On the Hill of Moreh / of Elon /
|
/ Gilgal / of / Jeri-cho / of / Shiloh /
|
_______________of_______________
|
/ Amorite Kings / of Illyricum / of Eliakam /
|
/ Mysia / of / Balkans Region / of / Lydia /
|
/ Parathon king of Chazar /
|
/ Piram king of Jarmuth, /
|
/ Abdon the son of Hillel the Pirathonite /
|
/ Balak Summons Balaam /
|
/ Balkans Region /
and
/ Sent messengers to Balaam /
|
/ Mesopotamia /
|
/ Tyrians / of / Pethor and Bizayon / of / Lud and Aram / of / Arpachshad /
|
/ Janeas / of / "Balaam's Error" / of / Acuzi /
|
/ Balaam the Magician / the son of Beor at Pethor / of / Peor /
|
/ Bela sons of Beor son of Janeas son of Balaam son's of Beor son of Laban /
|
/ Bela a man of Asshur / of Ninevah /
/ Bela in the Land of Zoar after his name; the land of Zoar / the City was Dinhabah /
|
/ Ushpezena, the daughter of Azdrubal / of Bela / Angeas king of Africa of Chittim
|
son of Javan
|
/ Abim-nas / and / Abianus King of Chittim / son of / Javan /
|
/ Abim-elech / King of The Philistines / and / Ben-malich / son of / Abimelech /
|
/ After the name of his father, for thus was it their custom to do in Gerar /
|
/ Anibal the brother of Azdrubal king of Africa / Azdrubal son of / Bela/Angean / King of Edom /
|
/ Abianus king of Chittim ruled over Edom,
and
fought against the inhabitants of Britannia-Chittim,
and
Edom became one kingdom
Edom, and their government was with the children of Chittim and their king
|
/ Edom became one kingdom with the children of Chittim /
|
/ Latinus fought against
the inhabitants of Britannia and Kernania, the children of Elisha son of Javan,
he prevailed over them and made them tributary
|
/ Anibal son of Bela/Angeas returns to Chittim son of Javan and defeats Latinus /
|
/ Britannia-Chittim of Edom / Anibal son of Bela/Angeas '/ of / Chittim of / Javan /
and
/ Esau is Esau /
|
/ Tubal -/ Sho-bal /- Cain /
|
/ Ban / Ib-ben / Ben / Bin / Bon / Jew-ish-Bund-les /
|
/ Bar-Riot / of / Amaw / of / Eri-trea /
|
____________of____________
|
/ "Curse Meroz" /
|
/ Az-ariah / Ez-rah / Zer-ah / Iz-har / Oz-ni / Uz-ziah /
|
/ Az-iel / Ez-rah / Iz-har / B-Oz-rah / Uz-ziel /
|
/ Abel-Mizraim it is beyond the Jordan /
|
/ of Merari: Mahli and Mushi. The sons of Mahli: Eleazar /
Eleazar had only daughter and the sons of Kish Married them
|
___________of___________
|
/ Jud-ahi-te wife / Shim-ron-Mer-on / of / Merari /
|
/ Philip / Herodias / Herod /
|
/ John / of / Elijah /
|
/ Elizabeth/Elisheba /
|
/ Kesed son of Dumah / of / Eli- / Eloi / Eli- / of / Kezem son of Kedar /
|
/ Eli of Meribah / of / Eli / of / Eli of Malchulth /
|
/ House of Eli /
|
_____________of_____________
|
/ Lyre / Y Eye I / L-ir-e /
|
/ Lie / Liar /
|
/ E-lie-zer / Elien-ai / Nahaliel / Eliel / Eliehoen-ai / Eli-oen-ai / Gamaliel /
|
/ Enmity-Enan- Enaim-Cult-Protitute /
|
/ Matt-enai / B-enai-ah / E-lie-nai / Eloi-enai / Tettenai / Shethar-Bozenai /
/ Eliehoenai /
|
/ Arieh / Ariel / E-lie-ho-enai / Eloi-enai /
|
/ Kesed son of Dumah / of / Eli- / Eloi / Eli- / of / Kezem son of Kedar /
|
/ Cho-ir-master / According to the / Li-lies /
|
/ Aliens Residents / of / Allies of Abraham /
|
_____________of_____________
|
/ Lot / son of / Madai / of / Kesed / of / Kemuel /
|
/ Kezem son of Kedar / of / Madai / of / Kesed / of / Kemuel / of / Kesed son of Dumah /
|
/ Carites / of / Carmel / of / Merari / of / Kêsêd / of / Mari / of / Mardon / of / Avvim /
|
/ Benib son of Tiras / of / Benon the son of Kesed son of Kemuel / of / Benah son of Put /
|
/ Eloim, Eloim / of / Ahlai / of / Gibeath-elohim /
|
/ Kesed son of Dumah / of / Eli- / Eloi / Eli- / of / Kezem son of Kedar /
|
/ Ahimelech / Ahi- / Ahi-tub / Tub- / -al / Tubal-Cain / Tu-bal / Abi-tub / Abi- / Abi-melech /
_______________________________________
/ Ar- / Er- / Ir- / Or- / Ur- /
|
/ Lyre / Y Eye I / L-ir-e /
|
/ Eli- / Eloi / Eli- /
|
/ My God, My God, /
__________________________________________________________________
| | |
/ On the Hill /
International affiliation
International Democrat Union Headquarters Oslo, Norway International Democrat UnionThe group was founded in 1983 as the umbrella organisation for the European Democrat Union (EDU), Caribbean Democrat Union (CDU), and the Asia Pacific Democrat Union (APDU). Created at the instigation of the Konrad Adenauer Foundation and US Vice President George H. W. Bush, the organisation was founded at a joint meeting of the EDU and PDU in London, the United Kingdom.[4] |
/ Ber-lin /
|
_____|____________________________|__________________________|_______
/ To-ny / Y Eye I / T-Oni /
|
/ Abbey / Y Eye I / Abiram /
Abbott was born in London, United Kingdom, to an Australian mother and a British father, and emigrated to Sydney with his parents in 1960.
Prior to entering parliament, he studied for a Bachelor of Economics and a Bachelor of Laws at theUniversity of Sydney, and then a Bachelor of Arts in philosophy, politics and economics as a Rhodes Scholar at The Queen's College, Oxford. He was later conferred with a Master of Arts.
|
__________Of__________
|
/ Elect-or-ates / of / The Leech / of / Sh-rines / of / Carmel / of / "Beyond the Jordan" /
_________________
/ Debir / Beer /
The De Beers Group of Companies has a leading role in the diamond exploration, diamond mining, diamond retail,diamond trading and industrial diamond manufacturing sectors. The company is currently active in every category of diamond mining: open-pit, underground, large-scale alluvial, coastal and deep sea.[2] The company operates in 28 countries and mining takes place in Botswana, Namibia, South Africa and Canada.
____________________
/ Rothchild /
The company was founded in 1888 by British businessman Cecil Rhodes, who was financed by the South African diamond magnate Alfred Beit and the London-based N M Rothschild & Sons bank.[3] In 1926, Ernest Oppenheimer, a German immigrant to Britain who had earlier founded mining
giant Anglo American plc with American financier J.P. Morgan,[4] was elected to the board of De Beers.[5]
He built and consolidated the company's global monopoly over the diamond industry until his death in 1957. During this time, he was involved in a number of controversies, including price fixing, antitrust behaviour and an allegation of not releasing industrial diamonds for the US war effort during World War II.[6][7]
_____________________________________________________________
/ Do-dan-im / of / Rhodes / of / Amos / of / Emmaus / of / R-hine / of / P-hine-has /
|
/ Merchants / and / Traders /
|
/ Berri / Baara /
|
Amigal son of Abishna the Hittite,
Adichorom son of Ashunach the Hivite,
Abdon the son of Achiram the Gomerite
Bakdil the son of Abudish the Zidonite.
_________________________________
/ To-ny / Y Eye I / T-Oni /
|
/ Abbey / Y Eye I / Abiram /
Abbott was born in London, United Kingdom, to an Australian mother and a British father, and emigrated to Sydney with his parents in 1960.
Prior to entering parliament, he studied for a Bachelor of Economics and a Bachelor of Laws at theUniversity of Sydney, and then a Bachelor of Arts in philosophy, politics and economics as a Rhodes Scholar at The Queen's College, Oxford. He was later conferred with a Master of Arts.
|
__________Of__________
|
/ Elect-or-ates / of / The Leech / of / Sh-rines / of / Carmel / of / "Beyond the Jordan" /
_________________
/ Debir / Beer /
The De Beers Group of Companies has a leading role in the diamond exploration, diamond mining, diamond retail,diamond trading and industrial diamond manufacturing sectors. The company is currently active in every category of diamond mining: open-pit, underground, large-scale alluvial, coastal and deep sea.[2] The company operates in 28 countries and mining takes place in Botswana, Namibia, South Africa and Canada.
____________________
/ Rothchild /
The company was founded in 1888 by British businessman Cecil Rhodes, who was financed by the South African diamond magnate Alfred Beit and the London-based N M Rothschild & Sons bank.[3] In 1926, Ernest Oppenheimer, a German immigrant to Britain who had earlier founded mining
giant Anglo American plc with American financier J.P. Morgan,[4] was elected to the board of De Beers.[5]
He built and consolidated the company's global monopoly over the diamond industry until his death in 1957. During this time, he was involved in a number of controversies, including price fixing, antitrust behaviour and an allegation of not releasing industrial diamonds for the US war effort during World War II.[6][7]
_____________________________________________________________
/ Do-dan-im / of / Rhodes / of / Amos / of / Emmaus / of / R-hine / of / P-hine-has /
|
/ Merchants / and / Traders /
|
/ Berri / Baara /
|
Amigal son of Abishna the Hittite,
Adichorom son of Ashunach the Hivite,
Abdon the son of Achiram the Gomerite
Bakdil the son of Abudish the Zidonite.
_________________________________
________________________|________________________
/ Ham / Ludim of Lud / Shem / of / Gomerite / Sons of Hinnom / of / Hiram /
|
/ Hellenist / of Alexandria /
|
/ Chittim / son of / Javan / of / Angeas / of / Greece / of / Balkans Region /
|
/ Britannia / Council / of / Mordecai /
|
/ Cretans / of / Manaen / of / Manoah / of / Maon / of / Mahlon / of / Mahol / of / Mayon /
|
/ The Bankers are Bakers-bread-Money of / Maon-ist / of Leaven / of / Sadducees / of / Pharisees /
|
/ Hoshea / of / West Bank-Kir ? / of / Rothchild /
|
/ Conflict / of / Interest / of / Ephesus /
|
/ Pantheon / Eunuchs / of / PIGion / of / Gi-HION / of / LATIN / of / Babylon / of / Thebes /
|
/ Samaritans / of / ISIS - Uranus / Cross / Rhodes of / Blood of The Rooster / that Crows / Brow /
___________________________________________________________________
| | |
/ Ham / Ludim of Lud / Shem / of / Gomerite / Sons of Hinnom / of / Hiram /
|
/ Hellenist / of Alexandria /
|
/ Chittim / son of / Javan / of / Angeas / of / Greece / of / Balkans Region /
|
/ Britannia / Council / of / Mordecai /
|
/ Cretans / of / Manaen / of / Manoah / of / Maon / of / Mahlon / of / Mahol / of / Mayon /
|
/ The Bankers are Bakers-bread-Money of / Maon-ist / of Leaven / of / Sadducees / of / Pharisees /
|
/ Hoshea / of / West Bank-Kir ? / of / Rothchild /
|
/ Conflict / of / Interest / of / Ephesus /
|
/ Pantheon / Eunuchs / of / PIGion / of / Gi-HION / of / LATIN / of / Babylon / of / Thebes /
|
/ Samaritans / of / ISIS - Uranus / Cross / Rhodes of / Blood of The Rooster / that Crows / Brow /
___________________________________________________________________
| | |
/ Metal Image / Amalekites /Rhodesia is a historical region in southern Africa whose formal boundaries evolved between the 1890s and 1980. Demarcated and named by the British South Africa Company, which governed it until the 1920s, it thereafter saw administration by various authorities. It was bisected by a natural border, the Zambezi. The territory to the north of the Zambezi was officially designated Northern Rhodesia by the Company, and has been Zambia since 1964; that to the south, which the Company dubbed Southern Rhodesia, became Zimbabwe in 1980. Northern and Southern Rhodesia were sometimes informally called "the Rhodesias".
The term "Rhodesia" was first used to refer to the region by white settlers in the 1890s who informally named their new home after Cecil Rhodes, the Company's founder and managing director. It was used in newspapers from 1891 and was made official by the Company in 1895. To confuse matters, Southern Rhodesia, which became a self-governing colony of the United Kingdom in 1923, referred to itself simply as "Rhodesia" from 1964 to 1979, and in 1965 unilaterally declared independence under that name. It thereafter briefly renamed itself "Zimbabwe Rhodesia" in 1979. |
/ Men of Athens // Bee - Koz // Colo-ss-ians /
/ Thebes /
|
/ Carites of Ball / Club / |
_______|___________________________|____________________________|______
/ Governor / Tirashatha /
The Prime Minister of Australia is the head of government of the Commonwealth of Australia. The individual who holds the office is the most senior minister of the Crown, the leader of the Cabinet and the chairperson of the National Security Committee. The office is not mentioned in the Constitution of Australia and exists only through an unwritten political convention and tradition. Despite this, it is in practice, the most powerful political position in Australia. The individual who holds the office is commissioned by the Governor-General of Australia
________________
/ V-ic-eroy / Y Eye I / Beer-Lahai-roi /
|
/ Persians / of / Shechem son of Hamor son of / Chiddekim / son of Pered / of / Peru /
|
/ Pered / Ham-ster / Mini-ster /
Minister of the Crown is the formal constitutional term used in the Commonwealth realms to describe a minister to the reigning sovereign. The term indicates that the minister serves at His/Her Majesty's pleasure, and advises the monarch, or viceroy, on how to exercise the Crown prerogatives relative to the minister's department or ministry.
____________________
/ Britannia / Council /
History[edit]
The root of the presence of Crown ministers in the Commonwealth realms lies in early modern England, where monarchs sometimes employed "cabinet councils", which consisted of ministers who advised the monarch and implemented his decisions. The term minister came into being as the sovereign's advisors ministered, or served, the will of the king. Over time, former ministers and other distinguished persons were retained as peripheral advisors with designated ministers having the direct ear of the king; this led to the creation of the larger Privy Council, with the Cabinet becoming a committee within the that body,
made up of appointed ministers.[citation needed]
_______________
/ James / of / Council / of / White-wash / of / S-hall-um / of / Jerusalem /
|
/ Pered / Ham-ster /
For a period between the accession of King James VI of Scotland to the throne of England in 1603 and the unification of Scotland and England in 1707, when the two states were in personal union, one monarch was advised by two separate sets of ministers of the Crown for each country. As the British Empire expanded, the colonial governments remained subordinate to the imperial government at Westminster, and thus the Crown remained ministered only by the Imperial Privy Council, made up of British Ministers of the Crown. When Canada became a Dominion in 1867, however, a separate Canadian Privy Council was established to advise the Governor General on the exercise of the Crown prerogative, though the viceroy remained an agent of the British government at Whitehall.
After that date, other colonies of the empire attained Dominion status and similar arrangements were made.
Following the passage of the Statute of Westminster in 1931, however, the empire was divided into autonomous kingdoms under one sovereign,
thus returning the monarch to a position similar to that which existed pre-1707,
where he or she was ministered by separate cabinets for each respective country.
Thus, today no minister of the Crown in any Commonwealth realm can advise the monarch to exercise any powers pertaining to any of the other countries.
_________________________________
/ Mulberry / Y Eye I / Mul-berri /
|
/ Their Elders /
|
/ Worthless Physi-CIA-ns / CIA / Doctors of the Church /
A druid (Irish: Druí; Welsh: Derwydd) was a member of the educated, professional class among the Celtic peoples of Gaul,Britain, Ireland, and possibly elsewhere during the Iron Age. The druid class included law-speakers, poets and doctors, among other learned professions,
although the best known among the druids were the religious leaders.
________________
/ Wise Man / Council of / Zerah /
_______________________________
/ The / Rav / Sons of Man / Man-aen / of / Man-oah / of / Maon / of / Cretans / the Sin of Immer /
_____________________________________________________________________
| | |
/ Governor / Tirashatha /
The Prime Minister of Australia is the head of government of the Commonwealth of Australia. The individual who holds the office is the most senior minister of the Crown, the leader of the Cabinet and the chairperson of the National Security Committee. The office is not mentioned in the Constitution of Australia and exists only through an unwritten political convention and tradition. Despite this, it is in practice, the most powerful political position in Australia. The individual who holds the office is commissioned by the Governor-General of Australia
________________
/ V-ic-eroy / Y Eye I / Beer-Lahai-roi /
|
/ Persians / of / Shechem son of Hamor son of / Chiddekim / son of Pered / of / Peru /
|
/ Pered / Ham-ster / Mini-ster /
Minister of the Crown is the formal constitutional term used in the Commonwealth realms to describe a minister to the reigning sovereign. The term indicates that the minister serves at His/Her Majesty's pleasure, and advises the monarch, or viceroy, on how to exercise the Crown prerogatives relative to the minister's department or ministry.
____________________
/ Britannia / Council /
History[edit]
The root of the presence of Crown ministers in the Commonwealth realms lies in early modern England, where monarchs sometimes employed "cabinet councils", which consisted of ministers who advised the monarch and implemented his decisions. The term minister came into being as the sovereign's advisors ministered, or served, the will of the king. Over time, former ministers and other distinguished persons were retained as peripheral advisors with designated ministers having the direct ear of the king; this led to the creation of the larger Privy Council, with the Cabinet becoming a committee within the that body,
made up of appointed ministers.[citation needed]
_______________
/ James / of / Council / of / White-wash / of / S-hall-um / of / Jerusalem /
|
/ Pered / Ham-ster /
For a period between the accession of King James VI of Scotland to the throne of England in 1603 and the unification of Scotland and England in 1707, when the two states were in personal union, one monarch was advised by two separate sets of ministers of the Crown for each country. As the British Empire expanded, the colonial governments remained subordinate to the imperial government at Westminster, and thus the Crown remained ministered only by the Imperial Privy Council, made up of British Ministers of the Crown. When Canada became a Dominion in 1867, however, a separate Canadian Privy Council was established to advise the Governor General on the exercise of the Crown prerogative, though the viceroy remained an agent of the British government at Whitehall.
After that date, other colonies of the empire attained Dominion status and similar arrangements were made.
Following the passage of the Statute of Westminster in 1931, however, the empire was divided into autonomous kingdoms under one sovereign,
thus returning the monarch to a position similar to that which existed pre-1707,
where he or she was ministered by separate cabinets for each respective country.
Thus, today no minister of the Crown in any Commonwealth realm can advise the monarch to exercise any powers pertaining to any of the other countries.
_________________________________
/ Mulberry / Y Eye I / Mul-berri /
|
/ Their Elders /
|
/ Worthless Physi-CIA-ns / CIA / Doctors of the Church /
A druid (Irish: Druí; Welsh: Derwydd) was a member of the educated, professional class among the Celtic peoples of Gaul,Britain, Ireland, and possibly elsewhere during the Iron Age. The druid class included law-speakers, poets and doctors, among other learned professions,
although the best known among the druids were the religious leaders.
________________
/ Wise Man / Council of / Zerah /
_______________________________
/ The / Rav / Sons of Man / Man-aen / of / Man-oah / of / Maon / of / Cretans / the Sin of Immer /
_____________________________________________________________________
| | |
__|___________________________|___________________________|____
/ Bar- / Bad- / -ados /
_________________________________|__________________________________
/ Elymas the / Magician / of / Merari / of / Mari / of / Mardon /
|
/ Sharon /---/ Stork /
|
/ Pered / Ham-ster /
|
/ Oppose /
of
/ Sharon /
The Barbados Labour Party (BLP) is the main opposition party of Barbados. Led by Mia Amor Mottley, the BLP holds fourteen out of 30 seats in the House of Assembly as of February 2013.
It was formerly a member (observer) of the Socialist International[1] and considered as “moderate left of centre”.
The Westminster system is a democratic parliamentary system of government modelled after the politics of the United Kingdom.
This term comes from the Palace of Westminster, the seat of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.
The system is a series of procedures for operating a legislature. It is used, or was once used, in the national legislatures andsubnational legislatures of most Commonwealth and ex-Commonwealth nations upon being granted responsible government, beginning with the first of the Canadian provinces in 1848 and the six Australian colonies between 1855 and 1890. However some former colonies (e.g. Nigeria) have adopted the presidential system as their form of government.
/ Bar- / Bad- / -ados /
_________________________________|__________________________________
/ Elymas the / Magician / of / Merari / of / Mari / of / Mardon /
|
/ Sharon /---/ Stork /
|
/ Pered / Ham-ster /
|
/ Oppose /
of
/ Sharon /
The Barbados Labour Party (BLP) is the main opposition party of Barbados. Led by Mia Amor Mottley, the BLP holds fourteen out of 30 seats in the House of Assembly as of February 2013.
It was formerly a member (observer) of the Socialist International[1] and considered as “moderate left of centre”.
The Westminster system is a democratic parliamentary system of government modelled after the politics of the United Kingdom.
This term comes from the Palace of Westminster, the seat of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.
The system is a series of procedures for operating a legislature. It is used, or was once used, in the national legislatures andsubnational legislatures of most Commonwealth and ex-Commonwealth nations upon being granted responsible government, beginning with the first of the Canadian provinces in 1848 and the six Australian colonies between 1855 and 1890. However some former colonies (e.g. Nigeria) have adopted the presidential system as their form of government.
Government_Press_Office_(GPO)_-_PM_YITZHAK_RABIN_WITH_DRUZE_LEADER_SHEIKH_AMIN_TARIF
_______________________________________________________________
/ Double Minded /
of
/ Rabin of Berlin of Dublin / of / Ben-in of Benah /
|
/ Eunichs / En-Dor / in Munich /
_________________________________________________________________
| | |
_______________________________________________________________
/ Double Minded /
of
/ Rabin of Berlin of Dublin / of / Ben-in of Benah /
|
/ Eunichs / En-Dor / in Munich /
_________________________________________________________________
| | |
/ Scribe of Mercer /
The history of Lancashire is thought to have begun with its founding in the 12th century. In the Domesday Book (1086), some of its lands were treated as part of Yorkshire. The land that lay Inter Ripam et Mersam, "between the Ribble and Mersey", formed part of the returns for Cheshire. Once its initial boundaries were established, it bordered Cumberland, Westmorland, Yorkshire and Cheshire. |
/ Herod / of / Peninnah /
Heraldry (/ˈhɛrəldri/) is the profession, study, or art of creating, granting, and blazoning arms and ruling on questions of rank or protocol, as exercised by an officer of arms.[1] Heraldry comes from Anglo-Norman herald, from the Germanic compound harja-waldaz, "army commander".[1] The word, in its most general sense, encompasses all matters relating to the duties and responsibilities of officers of arms.[2] To most, though, heraldry is the practice of designing, displaying, describing, and recording coats of arms and heraldic badges. The Tudor rose (sometimes called the Union rose) is the traditional floral heraldic emblem of England and takes its name and origins from the Tudor dynasty. |
/ Rose /
| / Pered / Ham-ster / The Red Rose of Lancaster (a rose gules) is the county flower of Lancashire. The exact species or cultivar which the red rose relates to is uncertain, but it is thought to be Rosa gallica officinalis. The rose was first adopted as an heraldic device by the first Earl of Lancaster and became the emblem of Lancashire following the Battle of Bosworth in 1485. |
________________________________|__________________________|________
Lancashire drains west from the Pennines into the Irish Sea.
_____________________
It is believed that the Red Rose of Lancaster was the House of Lancaster's badge during the Wars of the Roses. There are, however, doubts as to whether the red rose was actually an emblem taken up by the Lancastrians during the Wars of the Roses. Adrian Ailes has noted that the red rose “probably owes its popular usage to Henry VII quickly responding to the pre-existing Yorkist white rose in an age when signs and symbols could speak louder than words.
It also allowed Henry to invent and exploit his most famous heraldic device, the Tudor Rose, combining the so-called Lancastrian red rose and the White Rose of York. This floral union neatly symbolised the restoration of peace and harmony and his marriage in January 1486 to Elizabeth of York. It was a brilliant piece of simple heraldic propaganda.”[1] The Tudor Rose is used as the plant badge of England (Scotland uses thethistle, Ireland uses the shamrock,
and Wales uses the leek).
Lancashire drains west from the Pennines into the Irish Sea.
_____________________
It is believed that the Red Rose of Lancaster was the House of Lancaster's badge during the Wars of the Roses. There are, however, doubts as to whether the red rose was actually an emblem taken up by the Lancastrians during the Wars of the Roses. Adrian Ailes has noted that the red rose “probably owes its popular usage to Henry VII quickly responding to the pre-existing Yorkist white rose in an age when signs and symbols could speak louder than words.
It also allowed Henry to invent and exploit his most famous heraldic device, the Tudor Rose, combining the so-called Lancastrian red rose and the White Rose of York. This floral union neatly symbolised the restoration of peace and harmony and his marriage in January 1486 to Elizabeth of York. It was a brilliant piece of simple heraldic propaganda.”[1] The Tudor Rose is used as the plant badge of England (Scotland uses thethistle, Ireland uses the shamrock,
and Wales uses the leek).
_____________________________________________________
/ Pered / Ham-ster /
The Leader of the Opposition is a title traditionally held by the leader of the largest party not in government in a Westminster System of parliamentary government. The Leader of the Opposition is seen[by whom?] as the alternative Prime Minister, Premier or Chief Minister to the incumbent and heads a rival alternative government known as the Shadow Cabinet or Opposition Front Bench.
In many Commonwealth realms the full title is Leader of Her Majesty's Loyal Opposition.
See also[edit]
/ Pered / Ham-ster /
The Leader of the Opposition is a title traditionally held by the leader of the largest party not in government in a Westminster System of parliamentary government. The Leader of the Opposition is seen[by whom?] as the alternative Prime Minister, Premier or Chief Minister to the incumbent and heads a rival alternative government known as the Shadow Cabinet or Opposition Front Bench.
In many Commonwealth realms the full title is Leader of Her Majesty's Loyal Opposition.
- Leader of the Opposition (Albania)
- List of Australian Leaders of the Opposition
- Leader of the Opposition (Australian Capital Territory)
- Leader of the Opposition (New South Wales)
- Leader of the Opposition (Northern Territory)
- Leader of the Opposition (Queensland)
- Leader of the Opposition (South Australia)
- Leader of the Opposition (Tasmania)
- Leader of the Opposition (Victoria)
- Leader of the Opposition (Western Australia)
- Leader of the Opposition (Bangladesh)
- Leader of the Opposition (British Virgin Islands)
- Leader of the Opposition (Bulgaria)
- Leader of the Opposition (Burma)
- Leader of the Opposition (Cambodia)
- Leader of the Opposition (Canada)
- Leader of the Opposition in the Senate (Canada)
- Leader of the Opposition (Alberta)
- Leader of the Opposition (British Columbia)
- Leader of the Opposition (Manitoba)
- Leader of the Opposition (New Brunswick)
- Leader of the Opposition (Newfoundland and Labrador)
- Leader of the Opposition (Nova Scotia)
- Leader of the Opposition (Ontario)
- Leader of the Opposition (Quebec)
- Leader of the Opposition (Prince Edward Island)
- Leader of the Opposition (Saskatchewan)
- Leader of the Opposition (Yukon)
- Leader of the Opposition (Croatia)
- Leader of the Opposition (Dominica)
- Leader of the Opposition (Fiji)
- Leader of the Opposition (Greece)
- Leader of the Opposition (Hungary)
- Leader of the Opposition (India)
- Leader of the Opposition (Ireland)
- Leader of the Opposition (Israel)
- Leader of the Opposition (Japan)
- Leader of the Opposition (Malaysia)
- Leader of the Opposition (Malta)
- Leader of the Opposition (Mauritius)
- Leader of the Opposition (New Zealand)
- Leader of the Opposition (Northern Ireland)
- Leader of the Opposition (Pakistan)
- Leader of the Opposition (Peru)
- Leader of the Opposition (Singapore)
- Leader of the Opposition (Solomon Islands)
- Leader of the Opposition (South Africa)
- Leader of the Opposition (Spain)
- Leader of the Opposition (Sri Lanka)
- Leader of the Opposition (Thailand)
- Leader of the Main Opposition of Turkey
- Leader of the Opposition (United Kingdom)
See also[edit]
/ Council / of / Tanners /
The Black and Tans (Irish: Dúchrónaigh),[1] officially the Royal Irish Constabulary Reserve Force,[2] were a force of Temporary Constables recruited to assist the Royal Irish Constabulary (RIC) during the Irish War of Independence.[3] The force was the brainchild of Winston Churchill, then British Secretary of State for War,[4] and was recruited in Great Britain in late 1919 (although it contained Irish members also).[5][6] Thousands, many of them British World War I veterans, answered the British government's call for recruits. Their role was to help the RIC maintain control and fight the Irish Republican Army(IRA), the army of the Irish Republic. The nickname "Black and Tans" arose from the colours of the improvised uniforms they initially wore, composed of mixed khaki British Army and rifle green RIC uniform parts. The Black and Tans became infamous for their attacks on civilians and civilian property. The Black and Tans were sometimes confused with the Auxiliary Division, a counter-insurgency unit of the RIC made up of former British officers.[7] However, sometimes the term "Black and Tans" is used to cover both of these groups.[5] |
/ Tower of Hannel /
Dublin (/ˈdʌblɨn/, Irish: Baile Átha Cliath [blʲa:ˈklʲiəh]) is the capital and largest city of Ireland.[7][8] Dublin is in the province of Leinster on Ireland's east coast, at the mouth of the River Liffey. The city has an urban area population of 1,110,627. Founded as a Viking settlement, the Kingdom of Dublin became Ireland's principal city following the Norman invasion. The city expanded rapidly from the 17th century and was briefly the second largest city in the British Empire before the Act of Union in 1800. Following the partition of Ireland in 1922, Dublin became the capital of theIrish Free State, later renamed Ireland. Dublin is administered by a City Council. The city is listed by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network(GaWC) as a global city, with a ranking of "Alpha-", placing it among the top thirty cities in the world.[9][10] It is a historical and contemporary centre for education, the arts, administration, economy and industry. |
/ Am-ster-dam /
| / Pered / Ham-ster / Amsterdam (English /ˈæmstərdæm/ or /ˌæmstərˈdæm/;[9][10] Dutch: [ˌʔɑmstərˈdɑm] ( listen)) is the capital city and most populous city of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. Its status as the Dutch capital is mandated by the Constitution of the Netherlands[11] though it is not the seat of the Dutch government, which is The Hague.[12] Amsterdam was granted city rights in either 1300 or 1306.[27] From the 14th century on, Amsterdam flourished, largely because of trade with the Hanseatic League. In 1345, an alleged Eucharistic miracle in the Kalverstraat rendered the city an important place of pilgrimage until the adoption of the Protestant faith. The Stille Omgang—a silent procession in civil attire—is today a remnant of the rich pilgrimage history.[28] Conflict with Spain[edit] In the 16th century, the Dutch rebelled against Philip II of Spain and his successors. The main reasons for the uprising were the imposition of new taxes, the tenth penny, and the religious persecution of Protestants by the newly introduced Inquisition. The revolt escalated into the Eighty Years' War, which ultimately led to Dutch independence.[29] Strongly pushed by Dutch Revolt leaderWilliam the Silent, the Dutch Republic became known for its relative religious tolerance. Jews from the Iberian Peninsula, Huguenotsfrom France, prosperous merchants and printers from Flanders, and economic and religious refugees from the Spanish-controlled parts of the Low Countries found safety in Amsterdam. The influx of Flemish printers and the city's intellectual tolerance made Amsterdam a centre for the European free press.[30] The 17th century is considered Amsterdam's Golden Age, during which it became the wealthiest city in the world.[31] Ships sailed from Amsterdam to the Baltic Sea, North America, and Africa, as well as present-day Indonesia, India, Sri Lanka, and Brazil, forming the basis of a worldwide trading network. Amsterdam's merchants had the largest share in both the Dutch East India Company and the Dutch West India Company. These companies acquired overseas possessions that later became Dutch colonies. Amsterdam was Europe's most important point for the shipment of goods and was the leading Financial Centre of the world.[32] In 1602, the Amsterdam office of the Dutch East India Company became the world's first stock exchange by trading in its own shares.[33] Germany invaded the Netherlands on 10 May 1940 and took control of the country. Some Amsterdam citizens sheltered Jews, thereby exposing themselves and their families to the high risk of being imprisoned or sent to concentration camps. More than 100,000 Dutch Jews were deported to Nazi concentration camps of which some 60,000 lived in Amsterdam. Perhaps the most famous deportee was the young Jewish girl Anne Frank, who died in the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp.[38] |
____________________________________________________________________
| | |
| | |
Charles Lamb Allen, Baron Allen of Kensington, CBE (born 4 January 1957) is a British businessman and broadcaster who is the Chairman of Global Radio, Chairman of 2 Sisters Food Group, non executive director of Virgin Media, Senior Advisor to Goldman Sachs, and Chairman of the Executive Board of the British Labour Party. He was Chief Executive of Granada Group from 1996 to 2000, Executive Chairman of Granada Media plc from 2000 to 2004, Chief Executive of ITV plc from its formation in 2004 until 2007 and Chairman of the music company EMI from 2008 to 2010. In March 2012, he was appointed by Ed Miliband, the leader of the Labour Party, to the position of Chairman of the Executive Board of the party. He was the chairman of the British Red Cross from 1 January to 31 December 2013.[3][4] In August 2013, he was elected chairman of the Danish facility service group ISS A/S.[5]
|
/ Lab - Bor /
The Labour Party is a centre-left political party in the United Kingdom.[4][5][6][7][8] It grew out of the trade union movement and socialist political parties of the nineteenth century and has been described as a broad church; the party contains a diversity of ideological trends from strongly socialist,
to more moderately social democratic. Labour has a minority government in the Welsh Assembly, is the main opposition party in the Scottish Parliament and has 20 MEPs in the European Parliament, sitting in the Socialists and Democrats group. The Labour Party is a full member of the Party of European Socialists and Progressive Alliance, and continues to hold observer status in theSocialist International. The acting leader of the party is Harriet Harman following the resignation of the elected leader Ed Miliband on 8 May 2015. LGBT HistoryLabour governments have been responsible for a number of Acts of Parliament affecting LGBT people, notably:
George Brinham was Chairman of the Labour Party from 1960 to 1961, and Ray Collins was General Secretary from 2008 to 2011. For individual Labour politicians see Category:Labour politicians |
David Patrick Bernard Norris
(born 31 July 1944)[1] is an Irish scholar, independent Senator, and gay and civil rightsactivist.[2][3][4] Internationally, Norris is credited with having "managed, almost single-handedly, to overthrow the anti-homosexuality law which brought about the downfall of Oscar Wilde", a feat he achieved in 1988 after a fourteen-year campaign.[5] He has also been credited with being "almost single-handedly responsible for rehabilitating James Joyce in once disapproving Irish eyes".[6] Norris is a former university lecturer and a member of the Oireachtas, serving in Seanad Éireann since 1987.[7] He was the first openly gay person to be elected to public office in Ireland.[8] Founder of the Campaign for Homosexual Law Reform, he is also a prominent member of the Church of Ireland. He was a candidate for President of Ireland in the October 2011 election. He topped numerous opinion polls and was favourite among members of the Irish public for the position but withdrew from the race months before the election,[9][10][11] before returning to the race in September 2011.[12][13] He was assisted by his rival, Labour Party candidate Michael D. Higgins, who urged his party colleagues on Dublin City Council to allow Norris onto the ticket "in the interests of democracy."[67] When Norris heard this on the radio he instructed his driver to stop the car so that he could phone Higgins to express his appreciation.[68] |
_____|______________________________|_______________________________|_____
/ James /
James was deposed and William and Mary became joint sovereigns in James's place.
They reigned together until her death on 28 December 1694 after which William ruled as sole monarch.
William's reputation as a strong Protestant enabled him to take the British crowns when many were fearful of a revival of Catholicism under James. William's final victory at the Battle of the Boyne in 1690 is still commemorated by the Orange Order. His reign in Britain marked the beginning of the transition from the personal rule of the Stuarts to the more Parliament-centred rule of the House of Hanover.
_________________________________
/ Chain / Council / of / Harp /
|
/ Burke /
|
/ Dublin / Berlin /
|
/ Berkshire /
________________________________________________________________________
| | | | |
/ James /
James was deposed and William and Mary became joint sovereigns in James's place.
They reigned together until her death on 28 December 1694 after which William ruled as sole monarch.
William's reputation as a strong Protestant enabled him to take the British crowns when many were fearful of a revival of Catholicism under James. William's final victory at the Battle of the Boyne in 1690 is still commemorated by the Orange Order. His reign in Britain marked the beginning of the transition from the personal rule of the Stuarts to the more Parliament-centred rule of the House of Hanover.
_________________________________
/ Chain / Council / of / Harp /
|
/ Burke /
|
/ Dublin / Berlin /
|
/ Berkshire /
________________________________________________________________________
| | | | |
Christy Burke
A stevedore, dockworker, docker, dock laborer, wharfie, wharf rat, and/or longshoreman is a waterfront manual laborer who is involved in loading and unloading ships.
The Lord Mayor of Dublin's gold chain of office was presented by King William III (William of Orange) to the City of Dublin in 1698.
The chain is composed of decorative links including the Tudor rose, a harp, a trefoil shaped knot and the letter S (thought to stand for Seneschal or Steward).
____________
The Lord Mayor of Dublin (Irish: Ardmhéara Bhaile Átha Cliath) is the honorific title of the chairman (Irish:Cathaoirleach)[1] of Dublin City Council which is the local government body for the city of Dublin, the capital of Ireland. The incumbent is independent councillor Christy Burke. The office holder is elected annually by the members of the Council.
The office of Mayor of Dublin was created in June 1229 by Henry III.
___________________
Michael D. Higgins
The presidential Christmas messages delivered by Higgins from 2011 to 2013 did not mention Christianity or religion, which was criticised by the Defence Forces' chaplain in a homily on Christmas Eve 2013.[73] The Chief of Staff expressed regret for any offence caused by the chaplain.[73]
In April 2014, Higgins paid the first state visit to the United Kingdom by an Irish president.
He stayed as a guest of the Queen at Windsor Castle and addressed both Houses of Parliament.[74]
He also met with various people, including the British Prime Minister, David Cameron,[75] opposition party leaders at Westminster,
and the Lord Mayor of London. In December 2014, the President made a week-long state visit to China.[76]
_______________________________________________________________________
| | |
A stevedore, dockworker, docker, dock laborer, wharfie, wharf rat, and/or longshoreman is a waterfront manual laborer who is involved in loading and unloading ships.
The Lord Mayor of Dublin's gold chain of office was presented by King William III (William of Orange) to the City of Dublin in 1698.
The chain is composed of decorative links including the Tudor rose, a harp, a trefoil shaped knot and the letter S (thought to stand for Seneschal or Steward).
____________
The Lord Mayor of Dublin (Irish: Ardmhéara Bhaile Átha Cliath) is the honorific title of the chairman (Irish:Cathaoirleach)[1] of Dublin City Council which is the local government body for the city of Dublin, the capital of Ireland. The incumbent is independent councillor Christy Burke. The office holder is elected annually by the members of the Council.
The office of Mayor of Dublin was created in June 1229 by Henry III.
___________________
Michael D. Higgins
The presidential Christmas messages delivered by Higgins from 2011 to 2013 did not mention Christianity or religion, which was criticised by the Defence Forces' chaplain in a homily on Christmas Eve 2013.[73] The Chief of Staff expressed regret for any offence caused by the chaplain.[73]
In April 2014, Higgins paid the first state visit to the United Kingdom by an Irish president.
He stayed as a guest of the Queen at Windsor Castle and addressed both Houses of Parliament.[74]
He also met with various people, including the British Prime Minister, David Cameron,[75] opposition party leaders at Westminster,
and the Lord Mayor of London. In December 2014, the President made a week-long state visit to China.[76]
_______________________________________________________________________
| | |
The Liberal Party was a liberal political party which was one of the two major parties in the United Kingdom in the 19th and early 20th century.[2]
The party arose from an alliance of Whigs and free-trade Peelites and Radicals in the 1850s. By the end of the nineteenth century, it had formed four governments under William Gladstone. Despite splitting over the issue of Irish Home Rule, the party returned to power in 1906 with a landslide victory and introduced the welfare reforms that created a basic British welfare state. H. H. Asquith was Liberal Prime Minister between 1908 and 1916, followed by David Lloyd George whose premiership lasted until 1922 when the coalition the party had formed with the Conservative Party inWorld War I came to an end. |
The Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA or PIRA) was[6][7][8][9] an Irish republican paramilitary organisation that sought to remove Northern Ireland from the United Kingdom and bring about an independent democratic socialist republic encompassing all of Ireland.[10] It was the biggest and most active republican paramilitary duringthe Troubles. It saw itself as the successor to the original IRA and called itself simply the Irish Republican Army(IRA), or Óglaigh na hÉireann in Irish.[11] It was also widely referred to as such by others. The IRA is designated an unlawful terrorist organisation in the UK and an unlawful organisation in the Republic of Ireland.[12][13]
The Provisional IRA emerged in December 1969, following a split in the IRA. The Troubles had begun a year before, when a Catholic, nonviolent civil rights campaign was met with violence from Ulster loyalists and state forces, culminating in the August 1969 riots and deployment of British troops.[14] The IRA initially focused on defence, but it began an offensive operation in 1971 (see timeline). The IRA's primary goal was to force the British to negotiate a withdrawal from Northern Ireland. It used guerrilla tactics against the British Army and Royal Ulster Constabulary in both rural and urban areas. It also carried out a bombing campaign in Northern Ireland and England against what it saw as political and economic targets. Telephoned warnings were usually sent before such bombings. The IRA called a final ceasefire in July 1997, when Sinn Féin were admitted into theNorthern Ireland peace talks. It supported the 1998 Good Friday Agreement and in 2005 it disarmed underinternational supervision. The Irish Republican Army (IRA) is any of several armed movements in Ireland in the 20th and 21st centuries dedicated to Irish republicanism,and Irish nationalism, the belief that all of Ireland should be an independent republic. The first known use of the term "Irish Republican Army" occurred in the Fenian raids on Canada in the 1860s.[1] In its present context, the original Irish Republican Army formed by 1917 from the Irish Volunteers. It was the army of the Irish Republic, declared by Dáil Éireann in 1919. Most Irish people dispute the claims of more recently created organizations that insist that they are the only legitimate descendants of the original IRA, often referred to as the "Old IRA". |
/ Lein-ster /
| / Pered / Ham-ster / Duke of Leinster is a title in the Peerage of Ireland and the premier dukedom in that peerage. The subsidiary titles of the Duke of Leinster are: Marquess of Kildare (1761), Earl of Kildare (1316), Earl of Offaly (1761), Viscount Leinster, of Taplow in the County of Buckingham (1747), Baron Offaly (1620) and Baron Kildare, of Kildare in the County of Kildare (1870). The viscounty of Leinster is in the Peerage of Great Britain, the barony of Kildare in the Peerage of the United Kingdom, and all other titles in the Peerage of Ireland. The courtesy title of the eldest son and heir of the Duke of Leinster is Marquess of Kildare. The Peerage of Ireland consists of those titles of nobility created by the English monarchs in their capacity as Lord orKing of Ireland, or later by monarchs of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.[1] The creation of such titles came to an end in the 19th century. The ranks of the Irish peerage are Duke, Marquess, Earl, Viscount and Baron. TheCrown of the United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland continues to exercise jurisdiction over the Peerage of Ireland, including those peers whose titles derive from places located in what is now the Republic of Ireland.[2] However Article 40.2 of the Irish Constitution forbids the state conferring titles of nobility and a citizen may not accept titles of nobility or honour except with the prior approval of the Government; there, titles of peerage are regarded in the Republic of Ireland as simply courtesy titles.[3] A handful of titles in the peerage of Ireland date from the Middle Ages. Before 1801, Irish peers were those who had the right to sit in the Irish House of Lords, but after the Union in 1801, they elected just twenty-eight representative peers to the House of Lords at Westminster. |
____|__________________________|_______________________________|_____
/ Royal /
|
/ Provinces / of / Piram / of V-ic-toria / of Benah / of Tarshish /
This article is about the Provisional IRA. For other uses, see PIRA (disambiguation).
/ Royal /
|
/ Provinces / of / Piram / of V-ic-toria / of Benah / of Tarshish /
This article is about the Provisional IRA. For other uses, see PIRA (disambiguation).
- Pira, Victoria, locality in Victoria, Australia
- Pira, Benin, town in Benin
- Pira, Tarragona, Spain
- Pira District, Huaraz Province, Peru
In the 1930s, the remainder of the IRA including that part of the Old IRA organised within Northern Ireland, attempted a bombing campaign in Britain, a campaign in Northern Ireland (after a shift in leadership to the north) and some military activities in the Free State (later the Republic of Ireland).
TheWorld War II period also saw attempts to gain financial and military support from Nazi Germany and German Intelligence. After a period of poor relations, the symbiotic relationship between Sinn Féin and the IRA was re-established in the late 1930s.[citation needed]
- By the 1960s, after the failed border campaign, Sinn Féin moved towards a Marxist class struggle outlook. With the outbreak of the Troubles Sinn Féin, or as it came to be called after the formation of the Provisional IRA and Provisional Sinn Féin, Official IRA / Official Sinn Féin found itself sidelined because of its decision not to engage in aggressive warfare against the British state. Over time the Official IRA faded away, while Official Sinn Féin moved to a purely Marxist position, renaming itself first Sinn Féin the Workers Party, and then in 1982 the The Workers' Party.
- After the Official IRA's 1972 ceasefire, it and Official Sinn Féin suffered a split in 1974 leading to the formation of the extreme left wing Irish National Liberation Army (INLA) and the Irish Republican Socialist Party, led by Seamus Costello (later assassinated by the Official IRA during a bloody feud). The INLA was known for a series of internal feuds and some of the more sectarian killings from the nationalist side.
- In 1987, the Irish People's Liberation Organisation split from the INLA.
- In 1992, the Workers' Party suffered a split when a majority faction failed to secure changes. They left and formed the Democratic Left the most leftist of the parties in the Republic with seats in the Dáil Éireann (though also operating in Northern Ireland). Ultimately, the Democratic Left merged into the Labour Party.
- After the Official IRA's 1972 ceasefire, it and Official Sinn Féin suffered a split in 1974 leading to the formation of the extreme left wing Irish National Liberation Army (INLA) and the Irish Republican Socialist Party, led by Seamus Costello (later assassinated by the Official IRA during a bloody feud). The INLA was known for a series of internal feuds and some of the more sectarian killings from the nationalist side.
- In 1969, the more traditionalist republican members split off into the Provisional IRA and Provisional Sinn Féin. The Provisional IRA operated mostly in Northern Ireland, using violence against the Royal Ulster Constabulary and the British Army, and British institutions and economic targets. They also killed members of the Irish army and the Garda Síochána (the Irish police force), which was against one of their standing orders.
- A further split occurred in 1986, when the former leader of Sinn Féin Ruairí Ó Brádaigh - who was replaced by Gerry Adams in 1983 - walked out of the Sinn Féin Ard fheis after delegates voted to end the policy of abstentionism to Leinster House. The followers of Ruairí Ó Brádaigh, who adhere to republican legitimatism, and opposing Sinn Féin's decision to abandon abstentionism, so as to enter Dáil Éireann, set up a rival party and military wing, called Republican Sinn Féin and the Continuity IRA.
- In 2006, the Irish Republican Liberation Army split from the Continuity IRA.
- In 2006, Óglaigh na hÉireann split from the Continuity IRA.
- In 1997, Members of the Provisional IRA who did not accept the peace process split off to form the Real IRA. Its political wing is the 32 County Sovereignty Movement.
- In 2009, Óglaigh na hÉireann split from the Real IRA.
- In 2011, former members of the Provisional IRA announced a resumption of hostilities, under the name "Irish Republican Army".
Sinn Féin is currently the second-largest party behind the Democratic Unionist Party in the Northern Ireland Assembly, where it has four ministerial posts in the power-sharing Northern Ireland Executive, and the fourth-largest party in the Oireachtas, the parliament of the Republic. Sinn Féin also received the second highest number of Northern Ireland votes and seats in the 2015 United Kingdom general election, behind the DUP.
The Democratic Unionist Party (DUP)
see Genealogy of the Irish Republican Army.
________________________________________________________________________
| | | | |
__|________________|________________|________________|_______________|____
/ Angl-ic-anism / of / Ananiah /
|
/ Pered / Ham-ster /
_________________________________|___________________________________
| | |
/ Angl-ic-anism / of / Ananiah /
|
/ Pered / Ham-ster /
_________________________________|___________________________________
| | |
The Irish Church Act 1869 (32 & 33 Vict. c. 42) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom passed during William Ewart Gladstone's administration.
The Act disestablished the (Anglican) Church of Ireland, a body that commanded the adherence of a small minority of the population of Ireland, disassociating it from the state and repealing the law that required tithes to be paid to it. It also ceased to send representatives to the House of Lords. Existing clergy of the church received a life annuity in lieu of the revenues to which they were no longer entitled: tithe-rentcharge, ministers' money, stipends and augmentations, and certain marriage and burial fees.[1] The passage of the Bill through Parliament caused acrimony between the House of Commons and the House of Lords, with Queen Victoria intervening personally to mediate. The Act came into force on 1 January 1871 when the now disestablished church in Ireland became known as theChurch of Ireland. See also[edit] |
In 1912 the Third Home Rule Bill was introduced in the British House of Commons. However, its introduction would be delayed until 1914. The Orange Order, along with the British Conservative Party and unionists in general, were inflexible in opposing the Bill.[citation needed] The Order helped to organise the 1912 Ulster Covenant – a pledge to oppose Home Rule which was signed by up to 500,000 people.[citation needed] In 1911 some Orangemen began to arm themselves and train as a militia called the Ulster Volunteers. In 1913 the Ulster Unionist Council decided to bring these groups under central control, creating theUlster Volunteer Force, a militia dedicated to resisting Home Rule. There was a strong overlap between Orange Lodges and UVF units.[citation needed] A large shipment of rifles was imported from Germany to arm them in April 1914, in what became known as the Larne gun-running.
|
Broad church is a term referring to latitudinarian churchmanship in the Church of England in particular and Anglicanism in general. The term is often used to refer to secular political organisations, meaning that they encompass a broad range of opinion.
After the terms high church and low church came to distinguish the tendency toward ritualism and Anglo-Catholicism on the one hand and evangelicalism on the other, those Anglicans tolerant of multiple forms of conformity to ecclesiastical authority came to be referred to as "broad". Broad church as an expression is now increasingly replaced by references in the Church of England to liberalism. More generally, the term can also describe the membership of other organisations. When James Callaghan, the Labour Party Prime Minister of the United Kingdom said of his party that "ours is a broad church", he meant that it embraced different strands of labour and socialist tradition.[citation needed] |
________|__________________________|___________________________|______
/ Hadad / of / Chad of Hadan / of / Benin of Benah / of / Put / of / Edom /
_________________________________________________________________
| | |
/ Hadad / of / Chad of Hadan / of / Benin of Benah / of / Put / of / Edom /
_________________________________________________________________
| | |
______|___________________________|_____________________________|___
In November 1910 the Ulster Unionist Council formed a secret committee to oversee the creation of an army in Ulster to fight against the imposition of Home Rule, which was proposed to give Ireland self-government within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.[5] The Council approached Major Frederick H. Crawford to act as its agent to purchase the guns needed to equip such an army. Crawford wrote to five arms manufacturers,
including the Austrian Steyr and the German Deutsche Waffen und Munitionsfabriken, seeking quotations for the purchase of 20,000 rifles and one million rounds of ammunition.[2]
In January 1913, the Ulster Unionist Council instituted the Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF), consisting of men who had signed the Ulster Covenant.[1][6]
They wanted to co-ordinate the paramilitary activities of Ulster’s unionists, as well as to give military backing to the threats of the Ulster Covenant to resist implementation of the Third Home Rule Bill, which had been introduced on 11 April 1912 by Prime Minister H. H. Asquith.[1][4] These threats had been regarded as a "gigantic game of bluff and blackmail" by Irish nationalist leader John Redmond as well as most Liberal MPs, including Winston Churchill.[7] UVF membership grew to around 90,000 members, led by retired officers of the British Army, with the organisation under the charge of Lieutenant-General Sir George Richardson KCB, a veteran of the Afghan Wars.[1][4][6][8] By 1913 the UVF had over £1 million pledged to it, and £70,000 invested in attempts to import arms.[9]
Throughout 1913 Major Crawford, with the use of aliases and disguises, had attempted to smuggle in arms bought in Great Britain and Imperial Germany, but vigilant customs officials had seized the goods at the docks.[9] In one instance, patrol boats thwarted a gun-running attempt to Carrigart in northern County Donegal carried out by Lord Leitrim.[9] Despite these setbacks, Major Crawford convinced the Ulster Unionist Council that he could provide the weapons and ammunition needed "to equip the entire UVF".[9] Edward Carson said in response:
I'll see you through this business, if I should have to go to prison for it.[9]
Plans that resulted in what would become known as the Larne gun-running proceeded.
________________________________________________________________________________
/ Eu's / Ewe 's of / Amaw /
of
/ Pa-ai /
/ Paltith daughter of Ado wife of Lot /
And
/ one of the men of Sodom took her for a wife /
___________________________________________________________________
| | |
In November 1910 the Ulster Unionist Council formed a secret committee to oversee the creation of an army in Ulster to fight against the imposition of Home Rule, which was proposed to give Ireland self-government within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.[5] The Council approached Major Frederick H. Crawford to act as its agent to purchase the guns needed to equip such an army. Crawford wrote to five arms manufacturers,
including the Austrian Steyr and the German Deutsche Waffen und Munitionsfabriken, seeking quotations for the purchase of 20,000 rifles and one million rounds of ammunition.[2]
In January 1913, the Ulster Unionist Council instituted the Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF), consisting of men who had signed the Ulster Covenant.[1][6]
They wanted to co-ordinate the paramilitary activities of Ulster’s unionists, as well as to give military backing to the threats of the Ulster Covenant to resist implementation of the Third Home Rule Bill, which had been introduced on 11 April 1912 by Prime Minister H. H. Asquith.[1][4] These threats had been regarded as a "gigantic game of bluff and blackmail" by Irish nationalist leader John Redmond as well as most Liberal MPs, including Winston Churchill.[7] UVF membership grew to around 90,000 members, led by retired officers of the British Army, with the organisation under the charge of Lieutenant-General Sir George Richardson KCB, a veteran of the Afghan Wars.[1][4][6][8] By 1913 the UVF had over £1 million pledged to it, and £70,000 invested in attempts to import arms.[9]
Throughout 1913 Major Crawford, with the use of aliases and disguises, had attempted to smuggle in arms bought in Great Britain and Imperial Germany, but vigilant customs officials had seized the goods at the docks.[9] In one instance, patrol boats thwarted a gun-running attempt to Carrigart in northern County Donegal carried out by Lord Leitrim.[9] Despite these setbacks, Major Crawford convinced the Ulster Unionist Council that he could provide the weapons and ammunition needed "to equip the entire UVF".[9] Edward Carson said in response:
I'll see you through this business, if I should have to go to prison for it.[9]
Plans that resulted in what would become known as the Larne gun-running proceeded.
________________________________________________________________________________
/ Eu's / Ewe 's of / Amaw /
of
/ Pa-ai /
/ Paltith daughter of Ado wife of Lot /
And
/ one of the men of Sodom took her for a wife /
___________________________________________________________________
| | |
Paisley saw himself primarily as an Ulsterman.[9]
However—despite his hostility towards Irish nationalism and the Republic of Ireland—he also saw himself as an Irishman and said that "you cannot be an Ulsterman without being an Irishman".[10]
The Free Presbyterian Church is a fundamentalist, evangelical church, requiring strict separation from "any church which has departed from the fundamental doctrines of the Word of God."[13] At the time of the 1991 census, the church had about 12,000 members, less than 1% of the Northern Ireland population.
Paisley promoted a form of Biblical literalism and anti-Catholicism, which he described as "Bible Protestantism". The website of Paisley's public relations arm, the European Institute of Protestant Studies, describes the institute's purpose as to "expound the Bible, expose the Papacy, and to promote, defend and maintain Bible Protestantism in Europe and further afield."[16] Paisley's website describes a number of doctrinal areas in which he believes that the "Roman church" (which he termed Popery) has deviated from the Bible and thus from true Christianity. Over the years, Paisley would write numerous books and pamphlets on his religious and political views, including a commentary on the Epistle to the Romans.[17] Paisley set up his own newspaper in February 1966, the Protestant Telegraph, as a mechanism for further spreading his message.[18]
______________________________________________________
/ Pillars /
|
Peerage of England
|
/ Boaz / Jachin /
________________________________________________________________
/ Pillars /
|
Peerage of England
|
/ Boaz / Jachin /
________________________________________________________________
Earl of Essex is a title in the Peerage of England which was first created in the 12th century by King Stephen of England. The title has been recreated eight times from its original inception, beginning with a new first Earl upon each new creation. Possibly the most well-known Earls of Essex were Thomas Cromwell (c. 1485-1540) (sixth creation), chief minister to King Henry VIII, and Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex (1565–1601) (eighth creation), a favourite of Queen Elizabeth I who led the Earl of Essex Rebellion in 1601.
For about 260 years, from the ninth creation, the title was associated with Cassiobury House in Watford, Hertfordshire until it was demolished in 1927. The current holder of the earldom is Paul Capell, 11th Earl of Essex (b. 1944), a retired school teacher fromCaton, Lancashire.[2] Viscount Malden is used as the courtesy title by the heir apparent to the earldom (when one exists). There were several more creations until the famous Devereux creation in 1572, which included Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex (1566–1601) a favourite of Queen Elizabeth I and his son Robert Devereux, 3rd Earl of Essex, the general who commanded the Parliamentary army at the Battle of Edge Hill, the first major battle of the English Civil War (for further history of the Devereux family, see theViscount Hereford). Upon its extinction, the present creation was made in 1661. / Lein-ster /
| / Pered / Ham-ster / Duke of Leinster is a title in the Peerage of Ireland and the premier dukedom in that peerage. The subsidiary titles of the Duke of Leinster are: Marquess of Kildare (1761), Earl of Kildare (1316), Earl of Offaly (1761), Viscount Leinster, of Taplow in the County of Buckingham (1747), Baron Offaly (1620) and Baron Kildare, of Kildare in the County of Kildare (1870). The viscounty of Leinster is in the Peerage of Great Britain, the barony of Kildare in the Peerage of the United Kingdom, and all other titles in the Peerage of Ireland. The courtesy title of the eldest son and heir of the Duke of Leinster is Marquess of Kildare.The Peerage of Ireland consists of those titles of nobility created by the English monarchs in their capacity as Lord orKing of Ireland, or later by monarchs of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.[1] The creation of such titles came to an end in the 19th century. The ranks of the Irish peerage are Duke, Marquess, Earl, Viscount and Baron. TheCrown of the United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland continues to exercise jurisdiction over the Peerage of Ireland, including those peers whose titles derive from places located in what is now the Republic of Ireland.[2] However Article 40.2 of the Irish Constitution forbids the state conferring titles of nobility and a citizen may not accept titles of nobility or honour except with the prior approval of the Government; there, titles of peerage are regarded in the Republic of Ireland as simply courtesy titles.[3] A handful of titles in the peerage of Ireland date from the Middle Ages. Before 1801, Irish peers were those who had the right to sit in the Irish House of Lords, but after the Union in 1801, they elected just twenty-eight representative peers to the House of Lords at Westminster. Leinster House (Irish: Tigh Laighean) is the seat of the Oireachtas, the parliament of Ireland. Former seat(s)Maynooth Castle, Kilkea Castle,Leinster House, Carton House Carton House was an estate and great house that was the ancestral seat of the Earls of Kildare and Dukes of Leinster. Located 14 miles (23 km) west of Dublin, in Maynooth, County Kildare, the Carton demesne is 1,100 acres (4.5 km²). For two hundred years Carton House estate was the finest example in Ireland of a Georgian-created parkland landscape. In the 2000s much of the estate was redeveloped into two golf courses and the house into a hotel complex. Ireland's parliament over the centuries had met in a number of locations, most notably in the Irish Houses of Parliamentat College Green, next to Trinity College, Dublin. Its medieval parliament consisted of two Houses, a House of Commonsand a House of Lords. Ireland's senior peer, the Earl of Kildare, had a seat in the Lords. Like all the aristocrats of the period, for the duration of the Social Season and parliamentary sessions, he and his family resided in state in a Dublin residence. (For the rest of the year, they used a number of country residences, notably Frescati House in Blackrock.) Blackrock Financial |
The Bishop of Chichester is the ordinary of the Church of England Diocese of Chichester in the Province of Canterbury. The diocese covers the counties of East and West Sussex. The see is based in the City of Chichesterwhere the bishop's seat is located at the Cathedral Church of the Holy Trinity. On 3 May 2012 the appointment was announced of Martin Warner, Bishop of Whitby, as the next Bishop of Chichester.[2] His enthronement took place on 25 November 2012 in Chichester Cathedral.
The bishop's residence is The Palace, Chichester. Martin Clive Warner, SSC (born 24 December 1958[4]) is an Anglican bishop in England. He is currently the Bishop of Chichester. 2012Martin Warner SSC Translated from Whitby; incumbent. The Bishop of Whitby is an episcopal title used by a suffragan bishop of the Church of England Diocese of York, in the Province of York,England.[1] The title takes its name after the town of Whitby in North Yorkshire. The Bishop of Whitby oversees the Archdeaconry of Cleveland. Following Philip North's declining the appointment he had originally accepted in the face of opposition over the issue of women bishops, on 3 July 2014 Paul Ferguson was consecrated as Bishop of Whitby.[2] The Bishop of Whitby formerly had episcopal oversight of traditionalist parishes in the whole Diocese of York. Bishop Bates agreed not to ordain women and Bishops Ladds and Warner were both opponents of the ordination of women; however with the appointment of Ferguson, a supporter of women's ordination, oversight has been passed to the Bishop of Beverley, Glyn Webster, as PEV. |
Sussex (/ˈsʌsɨks/; abbreviated Sx),[6] from the Old English Sūþsēaxe ('South Saxons'), is a historic county in South East England corresponding roughly in area to the ancient Kingdom of Sussex. Clockwise, it is bounded to the west byHampshire; north by Surrey, north-east by Kent, south by the English Channel and is divided for local government intoWest Sussex and East Sussex and the city of Brighton and Hove. Brighton and Hove was created as a unitary authorityin 1997, and was granted City status in 2000. Until then, Chichester had been Sussex's only city.
Sussex has three main geographic sub-regions, each oriented approximately east to west. In the south-west of the county lies the fertile and densely populated coastal plain. North of this lie the rolling chalk hills of the South Downs, beyond which lies the well-wooded Sussex Weald. The name 'Sussex' derives from the Kingdom of Sussex, according to legend it was founded by Ælle of Sussex in 477 AD, then in 825 it was absorbed into the kingdom of Wessex and the later kingdom of England. The region's roots go back further to the location of some of Europe's earliest hominid finds at Boxgrove. Sussex has been a key location for England's major invasions, including the Roman invasion of Britain and the Battle of Hastings. In 1974, the Lord-Lieutenant of Sussex was replaced with one each for East and West Sussex, which became separate ceremonial counties. Sussex continues to be recognised as a geographical territory and cultural region. It has had a single police force since 1968 and its name is in common use in the media.[7] In 2007, Sussex Day was created to celebrate Sussex's rich culture and history. Based on the traditional emblem of Sussex, a blue shield with six goldmartlets, the flag of Sussex was recognised by the Flag Institute in 2011. In 2013, Secretary of State for Communities and Local Government Eric Pickles formally recognised and acknowledged the continued existence of England's 39 historic counties, including Sussex.[3][4][5] The name "Sussex" is derived from the Middle English Suth-sæxe, which is in turn derived from the Old English Suth-Seaxe which means (land or people) of theSouth Saxons[8] (cf. Essex, Middlesex and Wessex). The South Saxons were a Germanic tribe that settled in the region from the North German Plain during the 5th and 6th centuries. |
______|___________________________|__________________________|_______
/ Mon-keys / of / Lein-ster /
|
/ Pered / Ham-ster /
of
/ Wessex /
|
/ Ireland / --/ Shired /--/ England /
|
/ Double Minded /
|
/ Dragon /
____________________________________________________________________
| | |
/ Mon-keys / of / Lein-ster /
|
/ Pered / Ham-ster /
of
/ Wessex /
|
/ Ireland / --/ Shired /--/ England /
|
/ Double Minded /
|
/ Dragon /
____________________________________________________________________
| | |
Leinster (/ˈlɛnstər/ — Irish: Laighin / Cúige Laighean — pronounced [ˈl̪ˠaːjɪnʲ]) is one of the Provinces of Irelandsituated in the east of Ireland. It comprises the ancient Kingdoms of Mide, Osraige and Leinster. Following the 12th-century Norman invasion of Ireland, the historic fifths of Leinster and Mide gradually merged, mainly due to the impact of the Pale, which straddled both, thereby forming the present-day province of Leinster. The ancient kingdoms were shired
[by whom?] into a number of counties for administrative and judicial purposes. In later centuries, local government legislation has seen further sub-division of the historic counties. The Gaelic Kingdom of Leinster before 1171 was considerably smaller than today's province, and usually did not include certain territories such as Meath, Osraige or the Viking cities of Wexford and Kingdom of Dublin. The first part of the name Leinster derives from Laigin, the name of a major tribe that once inhabited the area. The latter part of the name derives either from the Irish tír or the Old Norse staðr, both of which translate as "land" or "territory". |
A monk (from Greek: μοναχός, monachos, "single, solitary" and Latin monachus[1]) is a person who practices religious asceticism, living either alone or with any number of other monks. A monk may be a person who decided to dedicate his life to serving all other living beings, or to be an ascetic who voluntarily chooses to leave mainstream society and live his life in prayer and contemplation. The concept is ancient and can be seen in many religions and in philosophy.
In the Greek language the term can apply to women, but in modern English it is mainly in use for men. The word nun is typically used for female monastics. Although the term monachos is of Christian origin, in the English language "monk" tends to be used loosely also for both male and female ascetics from other religious or philosophical backgrounds. However, being generic, it is not interchangeable with terms that denote particular kinds of monk, such as friar, cenobite, hermit, anchorite, hesychast, or solitary. |
North Yorkshire is a county in England. It is a non-metropolitan or shire county located in the Yorkshire and the Humber region of England, and a ceremonial county primarily in that region but partly in North East England. Created in 1974 by the Local Government Act 1972[2] it covers an area of 8,654 square kilometres (3,341 sq mi), making it the largest ceremonial county in England. The majority of the Yorkshire Dales and the North York Moors lie within North Yorkshire's boundaries, and around 40% of the county is covered by National Parks. The largest settlements in North Yorkshire are York (153,717), Middlesbrough(138,400), Harrogate (73,576) and Scarborough (61,749); the county town is Northallerton with a population of 16,832.
|
___________________________________________________________________
/ Anchor / Ancbor / Horite / of / Korah /
of
/ Strong arm of Lot /
The Frisians are a Germanic ethnic group native to the coastal parts of the Netherlands and Germany.[1] They are concentrated in the Dutch provinces of Friesland and Groningen and, in Germany, East Frisia and North Frisia, that was a part of Denmark until 1864.[2] They inhabit an area known as Frisia. The Frisian languages are still used by 500,000 speakers; dialects of Frisian are recognized as official languages in both the Netherlands and Germany.
________________________________________________________________________
| | |
/ Anchor / Ancbor / Horite / of / Korah /
of
/ Strong arm of Lot /
The Frisians are a Germanic ethnic group native to the coastal parts of the Netherlands and Germany.[1] They are concentrated in the Dutch provinces of Friesland and Groningen and, in Germany, East Frisia and North Frisia, that was a part of Denmark until 1864.[2] They inhabit an area known as Frisia. The Frisian languages are still used by 500,000 speakers; dialects of Frisian are recognized as official languages in both the Netherlands and Germany.
________________________________________________________________________
| | |
_________|__________________________|__________________________|_________
/ Amram / Aumram / of / Amrum is Ger-man /
The main language on Amrum is German.
Nordstrandischmoor (Danish: Nordstrand Mor, Frisian: Lätj Möör; also known locally as Lüttmoor) is a Hallig(undyked islet) off the North Frisian coast in Germany and lies within the Schleswig-Holstein Wadden Sea National Park.
/ Leach / of Leck River /
Bökingharde (Mooring North Frisian: Böökinghiird; Danish: Bøking Herred) was an amt (collective municipality) in the district of Nordfriesland, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It was situated on the North Sea coast, approx. 35 km northwest of Husum. Its seat was in Risum-Lindholm. In January 2008, it was merged with the Ämter Karrharde, Süderlügum and Wiedingharde, and the municipalities Niebüll and Leck to form the Amt Südtondern.
The Amt of Bökingharde consisted of the following municipalities (population in 2005 in parentheses):
Self-designation[edit]
Due to the large number of dialects there is no original native name for the North Frisian language as such. E.g. the Wiedingharde and Halligen Frisians call their language freesk, in the Bökingharde it is called frasch, and in the Goesharde likewise fräisch or freesch. While these names all translate to "Frisian" the native names of the insular dialects refer to the particular islands as in Fering, Öömrang, Söl'ring or Halunder. E.g. "Frisian" would mean "fresk" in the Föhr dialect.
The North Frisians eventually agreed upon the inter-dialectal name "friisk" which corresponds to the West Frisian native name "frysk". This designation is today mostly used when the North Frisian collectivity is addressed or in the names of official institutions such as Nordfriisk Instituut, Friisk Foriining or Friisk Gesäts. The northern section of the Interfrisian Council has however kept its name "Frasche Rädj" in the Mooring dialect.
North Frisian is a minority language of Germany, spoken by about 30,000 people in North Frisia.[3] The language is part of the larger group of the West Germanic Frisian languages.
The closest relatives of North Frisian are the two other Frisian languages, the Saterland Frisian of north-westernLower Saxony, Germany, and the West Frisian language spoken in the northern Netherlands. Together these three sub-groups form the group of Frisian languages.
The English language is also closely related to Frisian. The two languages are classified in a common Anglo-Frisian group. Anglo-Frisian is grouped among the Ingvaeonic languages together with Low German. The related Low German has developed differently since Old Saxon times and has lost many Ingvaeonic characteristics.[4]
The English term Friar is derived from the Norman French word frere ("brethren"), from the Latin frater ("brother"),
which was widely used in the Latin New Testament to refer to members of the Christian community.
/ Amram / Aumram / of / Amrum is Ger-man /
The main language on Amrum is German.
Nordstrandischmoor (Danish: Nordstrand Mor, Frisian: Lätj Möör; also known locally as Lüttmoor) is a Hallig(undyked islet) off the North Frisian coast in Germany and lies within the Schleswig-Holstein Wadden Sea National Park.
- Bökingharde Frisian (Mooring)
- Mooring (dialect of Bökingharde)
/ Leach / of Leck River /
Bökingharde (Mooring North Frisian: Böökinghiird; Danish: Bøking Herred) was an amt (collective municipality) in the district of Nordfriesland, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It was situated on the North Sea coast, approx. 35 km northwest of Husum. Its seat was in Risum-Lindholm. In January 2008, it was merged with the Ämter Karrharde, Süderlügum and Wiedingharde, and the municipalities Niebüll and Leck to form the Amt Südtondern.
The Amt of Bökingharde consisted of the following municipalities (population in 2005 in parentheses):
- Dagebüll (939)
- Galmsbüll (664)
- Risum-Lindholm (3627)
- Stedesand (870)
Self-designation[edit]
Due to the large number of dialects there is no original native name for the North Frisian language as such. E.g. the Wiedingharde and Halligen Frisians call their language freesk, in the Bökingharde it is called frasch, and in the Goesharde likewise fräisch or freesch. While these names all translate to "Frisian" the native names of the insular dialects refer to the particular islands as in Fering, Öömrang, Söl'ring or Halunder. E.g. "Frisian" would mean "fresk" in the Föhr dialect.
The North Frisians eventually agreed upon the inter-dialectal name "friisk" which corresponds to the West Frisian native name "frysk". This designation is today mostly used when the North Frisian collectivity is addressed or in the names of official institutions such as Nordfriisk Instituut, Friisk Foriining or Friisk Gesäts. The northern section of the Interfrisian Council has however kept its name "Frasche Rädj" in the Mooring dialect.
North Frisian is a minority language of Germany, spoken by about 30,000 people in North Frisia.[3] The language is part of the larger group of the West Germanic Frisian languages.
The closest relatives of North Frisian are the two other Frisian languages, the Saterland Frisian of north-westernLower Saxony, Germany, and the West Frisian language spoken in the northern Netherlands. Together these three sub-groups form the group of Frisian languages.
The English language is also closely related to Frisian. The two languages are classified in a common Anglo-Frisian group. Anglo-Frisian is grouped among the Ingvaeonic languages together with Low German. The related Low German has developed differently since Old Saxon times and has lost many Ingvaeonic characteristics.[4]
The English term Friar is derived from the Norman French word frere ("brethren"), from the Latin frater ("brother"),
which was widely used in the Latin New Testament to refer to members of the Christian community.
- The Frisian languages, a closely related group of three Germanic languages:
- West Frisian language (fy), spoken in the Netherlands and often known there simply as the Frisian language
- Saterland Frisian (stq), or East Frisian language, spoken in Lower Saxony, Germany
- North Frisian language (frr), spoken in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.
- East Frisian Low Saxon (frs), the West Low German dialect of East Frisia, Lower Saxony, Germany
/ Ludwig II of Bavaria. of Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. /
|
/ Jews lived all over Hanover in diaspora. /
Lud - Wig
____________________________________________________________________
| | |
|
/ Jews lived all over Hanover in diaspora. /
Lud - Wig
____________________________________________________________________
| | |
___|____________________________|___________________________|___
/ Hammer / of / Hoopoe, and the Bat / of / Solomon / of / Ber-lin / of / Bela /
____________________________________________________________________
| | |
/ Hammer / of / Hoopoe, and the Bat / of / Solomon / of / Ber-lin / of / Bela /
____________________________________________________________________
| | |
________________________________________________________________
/ Hel-Lenist / of / Eli- / of / T-ig-lath Pilezer / of / go-land /
/ Hel-Lenist / of / Eli- / of / T-ig-lath Pilezer / of / go-land /
______________________________|______________________________
/ Ash-kinaz / Ashke-nazi / Ash-k-elon / of / An-ania-h / of Gomer /
|
/ P-ig-eon / of / Tiglath-pileser /
_______________________________
|
/ Ash-kinaz / Ashke-nazi / Ash-k-elon / of / An-ania-h / of Gomer /
|
/ P-ig-eon / of / Tiglath-pileser /
_______________________________
|
Economic centres of Zürich and Geneva.
/ Eunichs of Munich / at / Geneva /
of
/ Peninnah / and / Hannah /
of
/ Zur /
_____________________________________________________________________
| | |
/ Eunichs of Munich / at / Geneva /
of
/ Peninnah / and / Hannah /
of
/ Zur /
_____________________________________________________________________
| | |
The House of Hanover (or the Hanoverians /ˌhænɵˈvɪəriənz/; German: Haus Hannover) is a German royal dynastywhich has ruled the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg (German: Braunschweig-Lüneburg), the Kingdom of Hanover, theKingdom of Great Britain, the Kingdom of Ireland and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. It succeeded theHouse of Stuart as monarchs of Great Britain and Ireland in 1714 and held that office until the death of Queen Victoriain 1901. They are sometimes referred to as the House of Brunswick and Lüneburg, Hanover line.
The House of Hanover is a younger branch of the House of Welf, which in turn is the senior branch of the House of Este. Queen Victoria was the granddaughter of George III and was an ancestor of most major European royal houses. She arranged marriages for her children and grandchildren across the continent, tying Europe together; this earned her the nickname "the grandmother of Europe". She was the last British monarch of the House of Hanover; her son King Edward VII belonged to the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, the line of his father, Albert, Prince Consort. Under semi-Salic law, Victoria could not inherit the Kingdom of Hanover and the Duchies unless the entire male line became extinct; those possessions passed to the next eligible male heir, her uncle Ernest Augustus I of Hanover, the Duke of Cumberland and Teviotdale—the fifth son of George III. The current head of the House of Hanover is Ernst August V, Prince of Hanover. |
The Kingdom of Hanover (German: Königreich Hannover) was established in October 1814 by the Congress of Vienna, with the restoration of George III to his Hanoverian territories after the Napoleonic era. It succeeded the former Electorate of Brunswick-Lüneburg (known informally as the Electorate of Hanover), and joined with 38 other sovereign states in the German Confederation in June 1815. The kingdom was ruled by the House of Hanover, a younger branch of the House of Welf, in personal union with the United Kingdom until 1837, before being conquered by Prussia in 1866. Hanover became a state of the German Empire upon unification in January 1871. Briefly revived as the State of Hanover in 1946, the state was subsequently merged with some smaller states to form the current state of Lower Saxony in West Germany, later Germany.
Main article: History of Hanover The territory of Hanover had earlier been a principality within the Holy Roman Empire before being elevated into anelectorate in 1708, when Hanover was formed by union of the dynastic divisions of the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg, excepting the Principality of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel. After his accession in 1714, George Louis of the House of Hanover ascended the throne of Great Britain as George I, and Hanover was joined in a personal union with Great Britain. Descendants of Hanoverians who fought alongside the British in the War of 1812 remain in Canada. |
The Province of Hanover (German: Provinz Hannover) was a province of the Kingdom of Prussia and the Free State of Prussia from 1868 to 1946.
During the Austro-Prussian War, the Kingdom of Hanover had attempted to maintain a neutral position, along with some other member states of the German Confederation. After Hanover voted in favour of mobilising confederation troops against Prussia on 14 June 1866, Prussia saw this as a just cause for declaring war; the Kingdom of Hanover was soon dissolved and annexed by Prussia. The private wealth of the dethroned House of Hanover was then used by Otto von Bismarck to finance his continuing efforts against Ludwig II of Bavaria. In 1946, the British military administration recreated the Land of Hanover based on the former Kingdom of Hanover; but within the year, at the instigation of the German leadership, it was merged into the new Bundesland of Lower Saxony—along with the states of Oldenburg, Brunswick, and Schaumburg-Lippe—with the city of Hanover as the capital of this new state. |
Munster is traditionally held by a CDU majority.
Town council[edit](as of September 2011)
Coat of arms[edit]
The Oberpräsident of the Province of Hanover awarded the then municipality of Munster, in a decree of 4 March 1937, a coat of arms. The coat of arms displayed on a gold field a blue dragon with red claws breathing red fire; above it lay a horizontal silver sword on a blue field. As a result of a petition by the council of the municipality of Munster of 18 April 1967 the District President (Regierungspräsident) in Lüneburg on 17 May 1967, authorised the field of the 1937 coat of arms to be changed from gold to silver and further authorised a town flag in the colours blue and white to be used.
The private wealth of the dethroned House of Hanover was then used by Otto von Bismarck to finance his continuing efforts against Ludwig II of Bavaria.
________________________
/ Stephen / and / Elymus the Magician /
|
/ Avvim / of / Bela / of / Bav-arian /
of
/ Ger-many / Y Eye I / Ger-Mani /
of
/ Cretans / of / Manaen / of Manoah / of Maon / of / Greece / of / Chittim / of / Tiras /
________________________________________________
| |
Town council[edit](as of September 2011)
Coat of arms[edit]
The Oberpräsident of the Province of Hanover awarded the then municipality of Munster, in a decree of 4 March 1937, a coat of arms. The coat of arms displayed on a gold field a blue dragon with red claws breathing red fire; above it lay a horizontal silver sword on a blue field. As a result of a petition by the council of the municipality of Munster of 18 April 1967 the District President (Regierungspräsident) in Lüneburg on 17 May 1967, authorised the field of the 1937 coat of arms to be changed from gold to silver and further authorised a town flag in the colours blue and white to be used.
The private wealth of the dethroned House of Hanover was then used by Otto von Bismarck to finance his continuing efforts against Ludwig II of Bavaria.
________________________
/ Stephen / and / Elymus the Magician /
|
/ Avvim / of / Bela / of / Bav-arian /
of
/ Ger-many / Y Eye I / Ger-Mani /
of
/ Cretans / of / Manaen / of Manoah / of Maon / of / Greece / of / Chittim / of / Tiras /
________________________________________________
| |
The Kingdom of Hungary was a monarchy in Central Europe that existed from the Middle Ages into the twentieth century (1000–1918, 1920–1946). The Principality of Hungary emerged as a Christian kingdom upon thecoronation of the first king Stephen I at Esztergom in 1000 or 1001;[7] his family (the Árpád dynasty) led the monarchy for 300 years. By the 12th century, the kingdom became a European middle power within the Western world.[7]
Due to the Ottoman occupation of the central and southern territories in the 16th century, the monarchy split into three parts: the Habsburg Royal Hungary, Ottoman Hungary and the semi-independent Principality of Transylvania.[7] The Habsburg dynasty held the Hungarian throne after the Battle of Mohács and also played a key role in the liberation wars against the Ottoman Empire. From 1867, territories connected to the Hungarian crown were incorporated into Austria-Hungary under the name of Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen. The monarchy ended with the deposition of the last king Charles IV in 1918, after which Hungary became a republic. The kingdom was nominally restored during the "Regency" of 1920–1946, ending with the Soviet occupation in 1946.[7] The Kingdom of Hungary was a multiethnic[8] state from its inception[9] until the Treaty of Trianon and it covered what is today Hungary, Slovakia, Transylvania and other parts of what is now Romania, Carpathian Ruthenia (now part of Ukraine), Vojvodina (now part of Serbia), Burgenland (now part of Austria), and other smaller territories surrounding present-day Hungary's borders. From 1102 it also included Croatia (except Istria), being in personal union with it, united under the King of Hungary. Today the feast day of the first king Stephen I (20 August) is a national holiday in Hungary, commemorating the foundation of the state (Foundation Day).[10] Main articles: Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin and Principality of Hungary The Hungarians led by Árpád settled the Carpathian Basin in 895, established Principality of Hungary (896–1000).[14] The Hungarians led several successful incursions to Western Europe, until they were stopped by Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor in Battle of Lechfeld. |
Freising is a district in Bavaria, Germany. Following a recent ranking of the German magazine FOCUS MONEY comparing all German districts it is number one concerning economic growth abilities. It is bounded by (from the north and clockwise) the districts of Kelheim, Landshut, Erding, Munich, Dachau and Pfaffenhofen. The district is located north of the Munich metropolitan area. The Isar and Amper rivers run in parallel from southwest to northeast. North of the rivers there is the Hallertau, a hilly region mainly used for hop growing.
In the Holy Roman Empire, Freising was a clerical state ruled by the bishops. In 1803, when the clerical states of Germany were dissolved, the region was annexed by Bavaria. The coat of arms displays:
The Freising Moor's head[edit]This is a controversial charge in the Coat of Arms, which could represent one of many different persons:
A Maure, since the 11th century, is the symbol of an African head. The term has Phoenician and Greek origins; see Moors. |
______|______________________________________________|_____
/ Tiras / of / Bela /
_____________________________
The Woman and the Dragon
The serpent poured water like a river out of his mouth after the woman,
to sweep her away with a flood.
________________________________
| | |
/ Tiras / of / Bela /
_____________________________
The Woman and the Dragon
The serpent poured water like a river out of his mouth after the woman,
to sweep her away with a flood.
________________________________
- Revelation 12:15
The serpent poured water like a river out of his mouth after the woman, to sweep her away with a flood.
Revelation 12:14-16 (in Context) Revelation 12 (Whole Chapter) Other Translations
| | |
The Grand Duchy of the Lower Rhine (German: Großherzogtum Niederrhein), or simply known as the Lower Rhine Province (German: Provinz Niederrhein), was a province of the Kingdom of Prussia and existed from 1815 to 1822.
The province was created after the Congress of Vienna in 1815, where Frederick William III was given the Rhineland and with it the title of Grand Duke of the Lower Rhine. |
Munster, also called Munster (Örtze), is a small town in the district of Heidekreis, in Lower Saxony, Germanyalmost equidistant from Hamburg and Hanover. The town is home to the German Army's largest garrison and is situated between the two training areas of Munster North and Munster South. It is also the fourth largest garrison in the German Armed Forces. The Bundeswehr Research Institute for Protective Technologies and NBC-Protection is located in Munster.
|
East Frisian Low Saxon is one of the Friso-Saxon dialects, a West Low German dialect spoken in the East Frisian peninsula of northwestern Lower Saxony. It is used quite frequently in everyday speech there. About half of the East Frisian population in the coastal region uses Platdüütsk. A number of individuals, despite not being active speakers of Low Saxon, are able to understand it to some extent. However, both active and passive language skills are in a state of decrease.
East Frisian Low Saxon is not to be confused with the Eastern Frisian language; the latter, spoken by about 2,000 individuals in the Saterland region, is a Frisian language, not Low German. |
Lower Saxony (German: Niedersachsen [ˈniːdɐzaksən], Low German: Neddersassen; Dutch: Nedersaksen) is aGerman state (Bundesland) situated in northwestern Germany and is second in area, with 47,624 square kilometres (18,388 sq mi), and fourth in population (8 million) among the sixteen Länder of Germany. In rural areas Northern Low Saxon, a dialect of Low German, and Saterland Frisian, a variety of Frisian, are still spoken, but the number of speakers is declining.
Places[edit]Australia[edit]
The suburb was named in 1954 from the original name of Lake Coogee being Lake Munster,
which was named after Prince William, Earl of Munster, and later King William IV.
____________________________
Canada[edit]
- Munster, Western Australia, a suburb of Perth
The suburb was named in 1954 from the original name of Lake Coogee being Lake Munster,
which was named after Prince William, Earl of Munster, and later King William IV.
____________________________
Canada[edit]
- Munster, Ontario, a neighbourhood in Ottawa
- ________________________________
France[edit]
- Munster, Haut-Rhin, a town in Alsace, France
- Munster, Moselle, a village in Lorraine, France
________________
/ Rhine /
Germany[edit]
Münster (German pronunciation: [ˈmʏnstɐ] ( listen); Low German: Mönster; Latin: Monasterium, from the Greekμοναστήριον monastērion, "monastery") is an independent city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is in the northern part of the state and is considered to be the cultural centre of the Westphalia region. It is also capital of the local government region Münsterland. Münster was the location of the Anabaptist rebellion during the Protestant Reformation and the site of the signing of the Treaty of Westphalia ending the Thirty Years' War in 1648. Today it is known as the bicycle capital of Germany.
/ Rhine /
Germany[edit]
- Münster, an independent city in North Rhine-Westphalia
Münster (German pronunciation: [ˈmʏnstɐ] ( listen); Low German: Mönster; Latin: Monasterium, from the Greekμοναστήριον monastērion, "monastery") is an independent city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is in the northern part of the state and is considered to be the cultural centre of the Westphalia region. It is also capital of the local government region Münsterland. Münster was the location of the Anabaptist rebellion during the Protestant Reformation and the site of the signing of the Treaty of Westphalia ending the Thirty Years' War in 1648. Today it is known as the bicycle capital of Germany.
- Munster, Lower Saxony, a town, site of military installations
- Truppenübungsplatz Munster, Munsterlager and Deutsches Panzermuseum
- Munster, the southernmost province of Ireland, comprising the counties of Clare, Cork, Kerry, Limerick, Tipperary and Waterford
- Munster, KwaZulu-Natal, a town on the south coast of Kwazulu Natal, South Africa
- Munster, Indiana
- Munster Township, Pennsylvania, a locality in Cambria County
In the Eastern Orthodoxy and Oriental Orthodoxy monasticism holds a very special and important place: "Angels are a light for monks, monks are a light for laymen" (St. John Klimakos). The Orthodox Church measures its health by the quality of its monks and nuns. Orthodox monastics separate themselves from the world in order to pray unceasingly for the world. They do not, in general, have as their primary purpose the running of social services, as is common in Western Christianity,[citation needed] but instead are concerned with attaining theosis, or union with God. However, care for the poor and needy has always been an obligation of monasticism,[citation needed] so Orthodox monasteries are not normally "cloistered" like some contemplative Western houses are, though the level of contact will vary from community to community. Orthodox hermits, on the other hand, have little or no contact with the outside world.
Most communities are self-supporting, and the monastic’s daily life is usually divided into three parts: (a) communal worship in the catholicon (the monastery's main church); (b) hard manual labour; and (c) private prayer, spiritual study, and rest when necessary. Meals are usually taken in common in a sizable dining hall known as a trapeza (refectory), at elongated refectory tables. Food is usually simple and is eaten in silence while one of the brethren reads aloud from the spiritual writings of the Holy Fathers. The monastic lifestyle takes a great deal of serious commitment. Within the cenobitic community, all monks conform to a common way of living based on the traditions of that particular monastery. In struggling to attain this conformity, the monastic comes to realize his own shortcomings and is guided by his spiritual father in how to deal honestly with them. Attaining this level of self-discipline is perhaps the most difficult and painful accomplishment any human being can make; but the end goal, to become like an angel on earth (an "earthly angel and a heavenly man", as the church hymns put it), is the reason monastics are held in such high esteem.
For this same reason, bishops are almost always chosen from the ranks of monks.
Eastern monasticism is found in three distinct forms: anchoritic (a solitary living in isolation), cenobitic (a community living and worshiping together under the direct rule of an abbot or abbess), and the "middle way" between the two, known as the skete (a community of individuals living separately but in close proximity to one another, who come together only on Sundays and feast days, working and praying the rest of the time in solitude, but under the direction of an elder). One normally enters a cenobitic community first, and only after testing and spiritual growth would one go on to the skete or, for the most advanced, become a solitary anchorite. However, one is not necessarily expected to join a skete or become a solitary; most monastics remain in the cenobuim the whole of their lives.
Orthodox monasticism does not have religious orders as are found in the West, nor do they have Rules in the same sense as the Rule of St. Benedict. Rather, Eastern monastics study and draw inspiration from the writings of the Desert Fathers as well as other Church Fathers; probably the most influential of which are the Greater Asketikon and Lesser Asketikon of St. Basil the Great and the Philokalia, which was compiled by St. Nikodemos of the Holy Mountain and St. Makarios of Corinth. Hesychasm is of primary importance in the ascetical theology of the Orthodox Church.
In general, Orthodox monastics have little or no contact with the outside world, including their own families. The purpose of the monastic life is union with God, the means is through leaving the world (i.e., the life of the passions). After tonsure, Orthodox monks and nuns are never permitted to cut their hair. The hair of the head and the beard remain uncut as a symbol of the vows they have taken, reminiscent of the Nazarites from the Old Testament. The tonsure of monks is the token of a consecrated life, and symbolizes the cutting off of their self-will
Most communities are self-supporting, and the monastic’s daily life is usually divided into three parts: (a) communal worship in the catholicon (the monastery's main church); (b) hard manual labour; and (c) private prayer, spiritual study, and rest when necessary. Meals are usually taken in common in a sizable dining hall known as a trapeza (refectory), at elongated refectory tables. Food is usually simple and is eaten in silence while one of the brethren reads aloud from the spiritual writings of the Holy Fathers. The monastic lifestyle takes a great deal of serious commitment. Within the cenobitic community, all monks conform to a common way of living based on the traditions of that particular monastery. In struggling to attain this conformity, the monastic comes to realize his own shortcomings and is guided by his spiritual father in how to deal honestly with them. Attaining this level of self-discipline is perhaps the most difficult and painful accomplishment any human being can make; but the end goal, to become like an angel on earth (an "earthly angel and a heavenly man", as the church hymns put it), is the reason monastics are held in such high esteem.
For this same reason, bishops are almost always chosen from the ranks of monks.
Eastern monasticism is found in three distinct forms: anchoritic (a solitary living in isolation), cenobitic (a community living and worshiping together under the direct rule of an abbot or abbess), and the "middle way" between the two, known as the skete (a community of individuals living separately but in close proximity to one another, who come together only on Sundays and feast days, working and praying the rest of the time in solitude, but under the direction of an elder). One normally enters a cenobitic community first, and only after testing and spiritual growth would one go on to the skete or, for the most advanced, become a solitary anchorite. However, one is not necessarily expected to join a skete or become a solitary; most monastics remain in the cenobuim the whole of their lives.
Orthodox monasticism does not have religious orders as are found in the West, nor do they have Rules in the same sense as the Rule of St. Benedict. Rather, Eastern monastics study and draw inspiration from the writings of the Desert Fathers as well as other Church Fathers; probably the most influential of which are the Greater Asketikon and Lesser Asketikon of St. Basil the Great and the Philokalia, which was compiled by St. Nikodemos of the Holy Mountain and St. Makarios of Corinth. Hesychasm is of primary importance in the ascetical theology of the Orthodox Church.
In general, Orthodox monastics have little or no contact with the outside world, including their own families. The purpose of the monastic life is union with God, the means is through leaving the world (i.e., the life of the passions). After tonsure, Orthodox monks and nuns are never permitted to cut their hair. The hair of the head and the beard remain uncut as a symbol of the vows they have taken, reminiscent of the Nazarites from the Old Testament. The tonsure of monks is the token of a consecrated life, and symbolizes the cutting off of their self-will
The English term Friar is derived from the Norman French word frere ("brethren"), from the Latin frater ("brother"), which was widely used in the Latin New Testament to refer to members of the Christian community.
Orders[edit]In the Roman Catholic Church, there are two classes of orders known as friars, or mendicant orders: the four "great orders" and the so-called "lesser orders".
Four great orders[edit]The four great orders were mentioned by the Second Council of Lyons (1274), and are:
- The Dominicans, founded ca. 1216. They are also known as the "Friar Preachers", or the "Black Friars", from the black mantle ("cappa") worn over their white habit. The Dominicans were founded by St. Dominic and received papal approval from Honorius III in 1216 as the "Ordo Praedicatorum" under the Rule of St. Augustine. They became a mendicant order in 1221.
- The Franciscans, founded in 1209. They are also known as the "Friars Minor". The Franciscans were founded by St. Francis of Assisi and received oral papal approval by Innocent III in 1209 and formal papal confirmation by Honorius III in 1223. Today the Friars Minor is composed of three branches: the Order of Friars Minor (Brown Franciscans), Order of Friars Minor Capuchin (Grey Friars) and the Order of Friars Minor Conventual wearing black habits.
- The Carmelites, founded ca. 1155.[2] They are also known as the "White Friars" because of the white cloak which covers their brown habit. They received papal approval from Honorius III in 1226 and later by Innocent IV in 1247. The Carmelites were founded as a purely contemplative order, but became mendicants in 1245. There are two types of Carmelites, those of the Ancient Observance (O.Carm.) and those of the Discalced Carmelites (O.C.D.), founded by St. Teresa of Avila in the 16th century.
- The Augustinians, founded in 1244 (the "Little Union") and enlarged in 1256 (the "Grand Union"). They are also known as the "Hermits of St. Augustine", or the "Austin Friars". Their rule is based on the writings of Augustine of Hippo. The Augustinians were assembled from various groups of hermits as a mendicant order by Pope Innocent IV in 1244 (Little Union). Additional groups were added by Alexander IV in 1256 (Grand Union).
Like many other Anglican churches, the Church of Ireland is a member of many ecumenical bodies,
including the World Council of Churches, the Conference of European Churches, Churches Together in Britain and Ireland, and the Irish Council of Churches. It is also a member of the Porvoo Communion.
including the World Council of Churches, the Conference of European Churches, Churches Together in Britain and Ireland, and the Irish Council of Churches. It is also a member of the Porvoo Communion.
The World Council of Churches (WCC) is a worldwide inter-church organization founded in 1948. Its members today include the Anglican Communion, Assyrian Church of the East, the Old Catholic Church, the Oriental Orthodox Churches, most mainstream Protestant Christian churches (such as the Baptist, Lutheran, Mennonite, Methodist, Moravian, Pentecostal and Reformed), and almost all jurisdictions of the Eastern Orthodox Church,[1] but not the Roman Catholic Church, although it sends accredited observers to meetings.[2] The WCC arose out of the ecumenical movement and has as its basis the following statement:
"The World Council of Churches is a fellowship of churches which confess the Lord Jesus Christ as God and Savior according to the scriptures, and therefore seek to fulfill together their common calling to the glory of the one God: Father, Son and Holy Spirit." [3]
The WCC describes itself as "a worldwide fellowship of 349 global, regional and sub-regional, national and local churches seeking unity, a common witness and Christian service."[4] It is based at the Ecumenical Center in Geneva, Switzerland.[5] The organization's members include denominations which claim to collectively represent some 590 million people across the world in about 150 countries, including 520,000 local congregations served by 493,000 pastors and priests, in addition to elders, teachers, members of parish councils and others.[6]
"The World Council of Churches is a fellowship of churches which confess the Lord Jesus Christ as God and Savior according to the scriptures, and therefore seek to fulfill together their common calling to the glory of the one God: Father, Son and Holy Spirit." [3]
The WCC describes itself as "a worldwide fellowship of 349 global, regional and sub-regional, national and local churches seeking unity, a common witness and Christian service."[4] It is based at the Ecumenical Center in Geneva, Switzerland.[5] The organization's members include denominations which claim to collectively represent some 590 million people across the world in about 150 countries, including 520,000 local congregations served by 493,000 pastors and priests, in addition to elders, teachers, members of parish councils and others.[6]
The Society of the Holy Cross (SS_C) is an international Anglo-Catholic society of male priests with members in the Anglican Communionand the Continuing Anglican Movement. The society's name is abbreviated as SSC from the initials of the society's Latin name, Societas Sanctae Crucis.
An episcopal see is, in the usual meaning of the phrase, the area of a bishop's ecclesiastical jurisdiction.[1][2]
Phrases concerning actions occurring within or outside of an episcopal see are indicative of the geographical significance of the term, making it synonymous with "diocese".[3][4][5][6] The word "see" is derived from Latin sedes, which in its original or proper sense denotes the seat or chair that, in the case of a bishop, is the earliest symbol of the bishop's authority.[7] This symbolic chair is also known as the bishop's cathedra, and is placed in the bishop's principal church, which for that reason is called the bishop's cathedral, from Latin ecclesia cathedralis, meaning the church of the cathedra. The word "throne" is also used, especially in the Eastern Orthodox Church, both for the seat and for the area of ecclesiastical jurisdiction[8] The term "see" is also used of the town where the cathedral or the bishop's residence is located,[7] The episcopal see of the pope, the bishop of Rome, is known as "the Holy See"[9] or "the Apostolic See (capitalized).[10] |
______________________________
/ New York / Moors /
The Moors were the medieval Muslim inhabitants of the Maghreb, Iberian Peninsula, Sicily, and Malta.
From North Africa, the Moors invaded the Iberian Peninsula in 711, calling the territory Al-Andalus, which at its peak included what is today most of Spain, Portugal, and Septimania. They occupied Mazara on Sicily in 827, developing it as a port.[1] In 1224 they were expelled from Mazara to the settlement of Lucera. It was destroyed by European Christians in 1300. The differences in religions and cultures led to a centuries-long conflict with the Christian kingdoms of Europe, as these tried to reclaim control of Muslim areas, a conflict referred to in Spain as the Reconquista. The fall of Granada in 1492 marked the end of Muslim rule in Iberia, although a Muslim minority persisted until their expulsion in 1609.
The term "Moors" has also been used in Europe in a broader, somewhat derogatory sense to refer to Muslims,[2] especially those of Arab or Berber descent, whether living in Spain or North Africa.[3] During the colonial era, the Portuguese introduced the names "Ceylon Moors" and "Indian Moors", in Sri Lanka. The Bengali Muslims were called Moors.[4] Moors are not a distinct or self-defined people.[5] Medieval and early modern Europeans variously applied the name to Arabs, Berbers,Muslim Europeans and Sub-Saharan Africans.[6]
The Moors came from the North African country of Morocco and crossed the Strait of Gibraltar to reach the Iberian Peninsula. The Moors were initially of Arab and Berber descent at the time of the Umayyad conquest of Hispania in the early 8th century. Later the term covered people of mixed ancestry, and Iberian Christian converts to Islam (the Arabs called the latterMuwalladun or Muladi).[7][8]
Europeans have classified a number of associated ethnic groups as "Moors," and terms for this are found in their languages. In the modern Iberian Peninsula, "Moor" is sometimes colloquially used for any person from North Africa, but some people consider this use of the term pejorative.[2] In Spanish the term is "moro", and in Portugues it is "mouro".
/ New York / Moors /
The Moors were the medieval Muslim inhabitants of the Maghreb, Iberian Peninsula, Sicily, and Malta.
From North Africa, the Moors invaded the Iberian Peninsula in 711, calling the territory Al-Andalus, which at its peak included what is today most of Spain, Portugal, and Septimania. They occupied Mazara on Sicily in 827, developing it as a port.[1] In 1224 they were expelled from Mazara to the settlement of Lucera. It was destroyed by European Christians in 1300. The differences in religions and cultures led to a centuries-long conflict with the Christian kingdoms of Europe, as these tried to reclaim control of Muslim areas, a conflict referred to in Spain as the Reconquista. The fall of Granada in 1492 marked the end of Muslim rule in Iberia, although a Muslim minority persisted until their expulsion in 1609.
The term "Moors" has also been used in Europe in a broader, somewhat derogatory sense to refer to Muslims,[2] especially those of Arab or Berber descent, whether living in Spain or North Africa.[3] During the colonial era, the Portuguese introduced the names "Ceylon Moors" and "Indian Moors", in Sri Lanka. The Bengali Muslims were called Moors.[4] Moors are not a distinct or self-defined people.[5] Medieval and early modern Europeans variously applied the name to Arabs, Berbers,Muslim Europeans and Sub-Saharan Africans.[6]
The Moors came from the North African country of Morocco and crossed the Strait of Gibraltar to reach the Iberian Peninsula. The Moors were initially of Arab and Berber descent at the time of the Umayyad conquest of Hispania in the early 8th century. Later the term covered people of mixed ancestry, and Iberian Christian converts to Islam (the Arabs called the latterMuwalladun or Muladi).[7][8]
Europeans have classified a number of associated ethnic groups as "Moors," and terms for this are found in their languages. In the modern Iberian Peninsula, "Moor" is sometimes colloquially used for any person from North Africa, but some people consider this use of the term pejorative.[2] In Spanish the term is "moro", and in Portugues it is "mouro".
________________________________________
/ Of / Bela / fast /
|
/ Achiram / Ahiram / Hiram /
|
/ Both of Them /
|
/ Called By Their Name /
of
/ Shire /
|
/ Essex / Wessex / Sussex /
of
/ England /
Devon was a parliamentary constituency covering the county of Devon in England.
It was represented by two Knights of the Shire, in the House of Commons of England until 1707,
then of the House of Commons of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800 and finally the House of Commons of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1832.
Elections were held using the bloc vote system of elections.
Under the Reform Act 1832, it was split into two divisions: Northern Devon and Southern Devon for the 1832 general election.
______________________
Arthur Chichester
Ireland[edit]
His career in Ireland began when in 1598 Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex appointed him Governor of Carrickfergus, following the death of his brother Sir John Chichester. John Chichester had been killed at the Battle of Carrickfergus in 1597, the previous year. It is said that John Chichester was decapitated, and his head used as a football by the MacDonnell clan after their victory. James Sorley MacDonnell, commander of the clan's forces at the Battle of Carrickfergus, was poisoned in Dunluce Castle on the orders of Robert Cecil to placate Chichester.[5]
During the Nine Years' War Chichester commanded royal troops in Ulster. His tactics included a scorched earth policy.
He encircled O'Neill's forces with garrisons, effectively starving the Earl's troops. In a 1600 letter to Cecil he stated "a million swords will not do them so much harm as one winter's famine". While these tactics were not initially devised by Chichester, he carried them out ruthlessly, gaining a hate-figure status among the Irish. O'Neill's weakening military position forced him to abandon and destroy his capital at Dungannon.
____________________________________________________________
| |
/ Of / Bela / fast /
|
/ Achiram / Ahiram / Hiram /
|
/ Both of Them /
|
/ Called By Their Name /
of
/ Shire /
|
/ Essex / Wessex / Sussex /
of
/ England /
Devon was a parliamentary constituency covering the county of Devon in England.
It was represented by two Knights of the Shire, in the House of Commons of England until 1707,
then of the House of Commons of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800 and finally the House of Commons of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1832.
Elections were held using the bloc vote system of elections.
Under the Reform Act 1832, it was split into two divisions: Northern Devon and Southern Devon for the 1832 general election.
______________________
Arthur Chichester
Ireland[edit]
His career in Ireland began when in 1598 Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex appointed him Governor of Carrickfergus, following the death of his brother Sir John Chichester. John Chichester had been killed at the Battle of Carrickfergus in 1597, the previous year. It is said that John Chichester was decapitated, and his head used as a football by the MacDonnell clan after their victory. James Sorley MacDonnell, commander of the clan's forces at the Battle of Carrickfergus, was poisoned in Dunluce Castle on the orders of Robert Cecil to placate Chichester.[5]
During the Nine Years' War Chichester commanded royal troops in Ulster. His tactics included a scorched earth policy.
He encircled O'Neill's forces with garrisons, effectively starving the Earl's troops. In a 1600 letter to Cecil he stated "a million swords will not do them so much harm as one winter's famine". While these tactics were not initially devised by Chichester, he carried them out ruthlessly, gaining a hate-figure status among the Irish. O'Neill's weakening military position forced him to abandon and destroy his capital at Dungannon.
____________________________________________________________
| |
/ House of Lords /
He made a career as a soldier before being elected to the Irish House of Commons as Member of Parliament for Armagh in 1634 and again in 1640. Having distinguished himself in helping to put down the rebellion which took place in Ulster in 1641, Chichester was admitted to the Privy Council of Ireland in 1643 and appointed Governor of Belfast. It was on the advice of James Butler, 1st Duke of Ormonde, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, that in 1647 he was created Earl of Donegall in the Peerage of Ireland. The title was created with a special remainder to the male heirs of his father, whom he succeeded a year later as 2nd Viscount Chichester. He took his seat in the Irish House of Lords in 1661. In 1668 he endowed a mathematical lectureship at Trinity College, Dublin with an annuity of 30 livre (pounds), which lectureship survives as an annual public lecture at the School of Mathematics in Trinity College. / Dublin / |
/ House of Commons /
Arthur Chichester was the second son of Sir John Chichester (d.1569), of Raleigh, Pilton, in North Devon, a leading member of the Devonshire gentry, a naval captain, and ardent Protestant who served as Sheriff of Devon in 1550-1551, and as Knight of the Shire for Devon in 1547, April 1554, and 1563, and as Member of Parliament for Barnstaple in 1559. Arthur's mother was Gertrude Courtenay, a daughter of Sir William III Courtenay (1477–1535) "The Great",[1] ofPowderham, Devon, 6th in descent from Hugh Courtenay, 2nd Earl of Devon (died 1377), MP for Devon in 1529, thrice Sheriff of Devon, in 1522, 1525-6, 1533-4, an Esquire of the Body to King Henry VIII, whom he accompanied to the Field of the Cloth of Gold.[2] _____________ / Ox / Career[edit] After attending Exeter College, Oxford, favoured by many Devonians, Chichester commanded HMS Larke against the Spanish Armada in 1588. In 1595 he accompanied Sir Francis Drake on his last expedition to the Americas. Later in the Anglo–Spanish War he commanded a company during the 1596 raid on Cádiz, for which he was knighted.[3][4] A year later he was with English forces in France fighting with King Henry IV against the Spanish in Picardy. He was wounded in the shoulder during the Siege of Amiens in 1597 which city was captured from the Spanish. He was knighted by the French king for his valour. |
____|_________________________________________________|______
/ Ostr-ich /
|
/ Bar-on / Authur Chichchester /
|
/ Am-ster-dam /---/ Ul-ster /---/ Lien-ster /
|
/ Pered / Ham-ster /
Ulster Bank
The Royal Bank of Scotland plc (Scottish Gaelic: Banca Rìoghail na h-Alba, Scots: Ryal Baunk o Scotland)[1] is one of the retail banking subsidiaries of The Royal Bank of Scotland Group plc, and together with NatWest and Ulster Bank, provides banking facilities throughout the UK and Ireland.
The Royal Bank of Scotland has around 700 branches, mainly in Scotland though there are branches in many larger towns
and cities throughout England and Wales.
The Royal Bank of Scotland and its parent, The Royal Bank of Scotland Group, are completely separate from the fellow Edinburgh based bank,
the Bank of Scotland, which pre-dates The Royal Bank of Scotland by 32 years.
The Bank of Scotland was effective in raising funds for the Jacobite Rebellion and as a result,
The Royal Bank of Scotland was established to provide a bank with strong Hanoverian and Whig ties.[2]
|
/ Ir-ish Clans / Real Ulster Freedom Fighters /--Sc-o-tt-ish Clans /
of
/ Lot /
_____________________________________________________________
| | |
/ Ostr-ich /
|
/ Bar-on / Authur Chichchester /
|
/ Am-ster-dam /---/ Ul-ster /---/ Lien-ster /
|
/ Pered / Ham-ster /
Ulster Bank
The Royal Bank of Scotland plc (Scottish Gaelic: Banca Rìoghail na h-Alba, Scots: Ryal Baunk o Scotland)[1] is one of the retail banking subsidiaries of The Royal Bank of Scotland Group plc, and together with NatWest and Ulster Bank, provides banking facilities throughout the UK and Ireland.
The Royal Bank of Scotland has around 700 branches, mainly in Scotland though there are branches in many larger towns
and cities throughout England and Wales.
The Royal Bank of Scotland and its parent, The Royal Bank of Scotland Group, are completely separate from the fellow Edinburgh based bank,
the Bank of Scotland, which pre-dates The Royal Bank of Scotland by 32 years.
The Bank of Scotland was effective in raising funds for the Jacobite Rebellion and as a result,
The Royal Bank of Scotland was established to provide a bank with strong Hanoverian and Whig ties.[2]
|
/ Ir-ish Clans / Real Ulster Freedom Fighters /--Sc-o-tt-ish Clans /
of
/ Lot /
_____________________________________________________________
| | |
_______|__________________________|___________________________|_______
/ Standing Council of Irish Chiefs and Chieftains /
|
Ulster Scots dialects
|
/ Language family --Indo-European---Germanic---West Germanic---Anglo-Frisian---Anglic---Scots--Ulster Scots /
/ Standing Council of Irish Chiefs and Chieftains /
|
Ulster Scots dialects
|
/ Language family --Indo-European---Germanic---West Germanic---Anglo-Frisian---Anglic---Scots--Ulster Scots /
|
/ Pered / Ham-ster /
|
/ The Chiefs /
________________________________
/ Aryan / Y Eye I / Ar-ri-an /
|
/ Lyre / Y Eye I / L-ir-e /
|
/ Tiras / of / Y Eye I / of Tyre /
|
/ Bela sons of Beor son of Janeas son of Balaam son's of Beor son of Laban /
|
/ Tirhakah "King of Cush" /
|
/ Jeroham, son of Eliel / is / Jeroham of Ge-dor /
|
/ Eliel the Mahavite /
|
/ For Dan, Azarel the son of Jeroham. These were the leaders of the tribes of Israel /
|
/ Bov-arian /
|
/ Sippe / Alemanic / of / Mach / H-Ul /- Mach-ir /
|
/ Kinsmen /
|
/ Golgotha / of / Avvim /
|
/ Sippai / Ca-siphia / Ahava /
______________________________
Sippe is German for "clan, kindred, extended family".
It continues a Proto-Germanic term *sebjō, which referred to a band or confederation bound by a treaty oroath, not primarily restricted to blood relations.[1] The original character of sibb as a peace treaty is visible in Old English, e.g. in Beowulf (v. 1858):
hafast þû gefêred, þæt þâm folcum sceal,Geáta leódum ond Gâr-Denumsib gemæne ond sacu restan.The Sippe came to be a cognatic,[2] extended family unit, exactly analogous to the Scottish/Irish sept.[3]
Most of the information left about the nature and role of the Sippe is found in records left by the Lombards, Alamanni, and Bavarians.[4] One of the functions of the Sippe was regulating use of forests. The average Sippe likely contained no more than 50 families.[5] The Sippe seems to have been absorbed into the monogamous family later on; P.D. King asserts that this was already the case among the Visigoths during the time of the Visigothic Kingdom.[6]
It continues a Proto-Germanic term *sebjō, which referred to a band or confederation bound by a treaty oroath, not primarily restricted to blood relations.[1] The original character of sibb as a peace treaty is visible in Old English, e.g. in Beowulf (v. 1858):
hafast þû gefêred, þæt þâm folcum sceal,Geáta leódum ond Gâr-Denumsib gemæne ond sacu restan.The Sippe came to be a cognatic,[2] extended family unit, exactly analogous to the Scottish/Irish sept.[3]
Most of the information left about the nature and role of the Sippe is found in records left by the Lombards, Alamanni, and Bavarians.[4] One of the functions of the Sippe was regulating use of forests. The average Sippe likely contained no more than 50 families.[5] The Sippe seems to have been absorbed into the monogamous family later on; P.D. King asserts that this was already the case among the Visigoths during the time of the Visigothic Kingdom.[6]
__________________________________________________________________________
/ The Sect / of / Liver - Pool / of / Clubs / of / Kent / of / The Bankers /
|
/ Britannia and Kernania, the children of Elisha son of Javan, /
|
/ Second Quarter / in Aramaic called Bethesda, /
________________________________________________________________________
| | |
/ Agrippa and Bernice / |
/ Twenty One + Six = %27 / |
/ The Rage of Sage of Hillel / |
________|____________________________|___________________________|_________
/ Aryan / Y Eye I / Ar-ri-an /
|
/ Lyre / Y Eye I / L-ir-e /
|
/ Tiras / of / Y Eye I / of Tyre /
|
/ Bela sons of Beor son of Janeas son of Balaam son's of Beor son of Laban /
|
/ Tirhakah "King of Cush" /
|
/ In those Days / Dan / Who Leaps ? / A Leopard / of / Barzillai the Gileadite / of / Bashan /
|
/ Who Walked With God ? -/ Enoch # 2 / of / Naomi / of / Mored / of / Enock # 1 / The City ? /
|
/ Abinoam -/ Naomi /-Ahinoam / of Jezreel-ite The Wife / of / Saul and David / in Hebron: /
|
/ Nazirite /
______________________________________________________________
| | |
________|___________________________|____________________________|_______
/ Amalekites of Hur of Korahites / of / Ben-Jamin-nite / of / Sheba / of / Persians / of / Joktan /
|
/ The Tur-Kish - Key of / lord - Chamberlain / of / A-big-dor / Sy-Nob / of / Abi-Lot / of / Jetur /
|
/ Cretans / of / Pledges / Set Up In Secret / Oaths / Who is ? of Daniel /
_____________________________________________________________________________
| | |
___________|__________________________|___________________________|___________
/ Rogelim-House of Steward /
|
/ Iberiah / of / Ge-rmany / Y-Eye-I / Ger-Mani-ic / of / Iberiah /
|
/ Carites / of / Carmel / of / Merari / of / Kêsêd / of / Mari / of / Mardon / of / Avvim /
|
/ Azarel - Dan/Moab / of / The Leech / of / Lod and Ono / of / Zech-ariah / of Buk-ki son of Jogli /
|
/ Chittim / of / The Belly in- Whale - the Fat Ones of Eli / of / Y-Stork / of / Shittim /
|
/ Bartholomew / son of Matthias / the father of Josep-Hus /
|
/ Nestor / of / Tabor-ites / of / A Rose / of / Sharon / of / A Stench / of / Carmel / of / Keilah /
|
/ Prophets / of / Antioch / of / Kadesh- / Barn / Chaff / of / Habakkuk / of / Codex / of / Luke /
|
/ Has- / Hes- / His-Disciples-Transgression of House of Jacob / Hos- / Hus /
|
/ The Fleece / of / The Necklace / of / Knights / of / Ornaments / of / The Charms / of / Adders /
__________________________________________________________________________
| | |
/ Italians / Italy / |
/ Royal / Hung-ariah / |
/ Polish Politics / |
_____|____________________________|____________________________|____
/ Captain of the Guard / Carites /
|
/ Cretans / of / Manaen / of Manoah / of Maon / of / Greece / of / Chittim / of / Tiras /
The Vanguard Group
of
Vanguard Unionist Progressive Party is usually considered to have been a right-wing party.
In its earliest days it adopted the style associated with falangist parties with an honour guard, a common salute and a habit of wearing sashes
. This led to it being characterised as Mosleyite[4] or even neo-Nazi[5] with the Stormont unionist MP William McConnell claiming that Vanguard rallies involved
"a certain Hitlerian-type figure ... walking up and down the lines, inspecting his so-called storm-troopers."[6]
Craig however denied that the party was either neo-nazi or paramilitary.[7]
Ulster Vanguard was intended to provide an umbrella organisation for various loyalist groups.[8] It had close links with, and strong support from loyalist paramilitary groups. Vanguard had its own paramilitary grouping called the Vanguard Service Corps (USC), whose main function seemed to be to provide escorts for Vanguard speakers attending rallies.[9]
The United Ulster Unionist Party (UUUP) was a unionist political party which existed in Northern Ireland between 1975 and 1984.
It emerged from a division in the Vanguard Unionist Progressive Party in the late 1970s.
Vanguard had traditionally opposed the concept of compulsory power sharing with nationalists enshrined in the Sunningdale Agreement, but after the failure of Sunningdale, the Northern Ireland Constitutional Convention was set up to provide a forum with the aim of finding a new settlement for Northern Ireland. During the proceedings the leader of Vanguard, William Craig, proposed a voluntary coalition with the nationalist Social Democratic and Labour Party.
Many in Vanguard found this anathema, including the party's deputy leader Ernest Baird, Mid Ulster MP John Dunlop and East Belfast Convention member (and future Ulster Unionist Party leader) Reg Empey.
They left Vanguard and formed the United Ulster Unionist Movement.
Initially Baird denied that this was a party since the original aim was to create a single Unionist party.
When this aim proved unattainable the UUUM relaunched as the United Ulster Unionist Party led by Baird with Empey as Deputy Leader.[1]
Many critics highlighted the irony of the name, given that the UUUP was a breakaway from Vanguard, itself a breakaway from the Ulster Unionist Party and there were many other Unionist parties in existence.
of
/ Neo-Nazism /
Austria[edit]
The major postwar far-right party was the Austrian National Democratic Party (NDP),
until it was banned in 1988 for violating Austria's anti-Nazi legislation, Verbotsgesetz 1947.[10]
The Freedom Party of Austria (FPÖ) served as a shelter for ex-Nazis almost from its inception. In 1980, scandals undermined Austria's two main parties, and the economy stagnated. Jörg Haider became leader of the FPÖ and offered partial justification for Nazism, calling its employment policy effective. In the 1994 Austrian election, the FPÖ won 22 percent of the vote, as well as 33 percent of the vote in Carinthia and 22 percent in Vienna; showing that it had become a force capable of reversing the old pattern of Austrian politics.[11]
of
Vanguard Unionist Progressive Party is usually considered to have been a right-wing party.
In its earliest days it adopted the style associated with falangist parties with an honour guard, a common salute and a habit of wearing sashes
. This led to it being characterised as Mosleyite[4] or even neo-Nazi[5] with the Stormont unionist MP William McConnell claiming that Vanguard rallies involved
"a certain Hitlerian-type figure ... walking up and down the lines, inspecting his so-called storm-troopers."[6]
Craig however denied that the party was either neo-nazi or paramilitary.[7]
Ulster Vanguard was intended to provide an umbrella organisation for various loyalist groups.[8] It had close links with, and strong support from loyalist paramilitary groups. Vanguard had its own paramilitary grouping called the Vanguard Service Corps (USC), whose main function seemed to be to provide escorts for Vanguard speakers attending rallies.[9]
The United Ulster Unionist Party (UUUP) was a unionist political party which existed in Northern Ireland between 1975 and 1984.
It emerged from a division in the Vanguard Unionist Progressive Party in the late 1970s.
Vanguard had traditionally opposed the concept of compulsory power sharing with nationalists enshrined in the Sunningdale Agreement, but after the failure of Sunningdale, the Northern Ireland Constitutional Convention was set up to provide a forum with the aim of finding a new settlement for Northern Ireland. During the proceedings the leader of Vanguard, William Craig, proposed a voluntary coalition with the nationalist Social Democratic and Labour Party.
Many in Vanguard found this anathema, including the party's deputy leader Ernest Baird, Mid Ulster MP John Dunlop and East Belfast Convention member (and future Ulster Unionist Party leader) Reg Empey.
They left Vanguard and formed the United Ulster Unionist Movement.
Initially Baird denied that this was a party since the original aim was to create a single Unionist party.
When this aim proved unattainable the UUUM relaunched as the United Ulster Unionist Party led by Baird with Empey as Deputy Leader.[1]
Many critics highlighted the irony of the name, given that the UUUP was a breakaway from Vanguard, itself a breakaway from the Ulster Unionist Party and there were many other Unionist parties in existence.
of
/ Neo-Nazism /
Austria[edit]
The major postwar far-right party was the Austrian National Democratic Party (NDP),
until it was banned in 1988 for violating Austria's anti-Nazi legislation, Verbotsgesetz 1947.[10]
The Freedom Party of Austria (FPÖ) served as a shelter for ex-Nazis almost from its inception. In 1980, scandals undermined Austria's two main parties, and the economy stagnated. Jörg Haider became leader of the FPÖ and offered partial justification for Nazism, calling its employment policy effective. In the 1994 Austrian election, the FPÖ won 22 percent of the vote, as well as 33 percent of the vote in Carinthia and 22 percent in Vienna; showing that it had become a force capable of reversing the old pattern of Austrian politics.[11]
|
____________of____________
|
/ The Cretans / of / Manaen / of / Manoah / of / Maon / of / Mahlon / of / Mahol / of / Mayon /
|
/ Pan- Ger-mani-sm / of Ananiah /
Pan-Germanism (German: Pangermanismus or Alldeutsche Bewegung) is a pan-nationalist political idea. Pan-Germanists originally sought to unify all the German-speaking populations of Europe in a single nation-state known as Greater Germany.
Pan-Germanism was highly influential in German politics in the 19th century during theunification of Germany when the German Empire was proclaimed in as a nation-state in 1871 without Austria (Kleindeutsche Lösung/Lesser Germany),[1] and the first half of the 20th century in the Austro-Hungarian Empire and the German Empire. From the late 19th century, many Pan-Germanist thinkers, since 1891 organized in the Pan-German League, had adopted openly ethnocentric and racist ideologies, and ultimately gave rise to the foreign policy Heim ins Reich pursued by Nazi Germany under Adolf Hitler from 1938, one of the primary factors leading to the outbreak of World War II.[2][3][4][5] As a result of the disaster of World War II, Pan-Germanism was mostly seen as a taboo ideology in the postwar period in both the Federal Republic of Germany and the German Democratic Republic.[citation needed] Today, Pan-Germanism is mostly limited to some nationalist groups in Germany and Austria.[citation needed]
Pan-Germanism was highly influential in German politics in the 19th century during theunification of Germany when the German Empire was proclaimed in as a nation-state in 1871 without Austria (Kleindeutsche Lösung/Lesser Germany),[1] and the first half of the 20th century in the Austro-Hungarian Empire and the German Empire. From the late 19th century, many Pan-Germanist thinkers, since 1891 organized in the Pan-German League, had adopted openly ethnocentric and racist ideologies, and ultimately gave rise to the foreign policy Heim ins Reich pursued by Nazi Germany under Adolf Hitler from 1938, one of the primary factors leading to the outbreak of World War II.[2][3][4][5] As a result of the disaster of World War II, Pan-Germanism was mostly seen as a taboo ideology in the postwar period in both the Federal Republic of Germany and the German Democratic Republic.[citation needed] Today, Pan-Germanism is mostly limited to some nationalist groups in Germany and Austria.[citation needed]
_____________________________
/ Council /
___________________________________________________________
| |
The Freedom Party of Austria[note 1]
(German: Freiheitliche Partei Österreichs, FPÖ) is a right-wing populist[12]political party in Austria. Ideologically, the party is a direct descendant of the pan-German and national liberalcamp, which dates back to the 1848 revolutions. The FPÖ itself was founded in 1956 as the successor to the short-lived Federation of Independents (VdU), which had been founded seven years earlier. In the Austrian political landscape, the FPÖ was from its foundation a third party with only modest support until it entered into government together with the Social Democratic Party (SPÖ), following the elections in 1983. When Jörg Haider was chosen as new FPÖ party leader in 1986, the party started a political and ideological journey which was described by observers as representing a turn towards right-wing populism. This new political course soon resulted in a strong surge in electoral support for the party, although it also led the SPÖ to break its ties. In 1993, after a controversial proposal on immigration issues, the adherents of a position closer to classical liberalism in the FPÖ broke away and formed the (now-marginalized) Liberal Forum (LiF). This new party took over the FPÖ's membership in the Liberal International, since the FPÖ considered itself forced to leave. In the 1999 legislative election, the FPÖ won its best-ever result in a national election with 26.9% of the vote and defeated the Austrian People's Party (ÖVP) by a small margin. This led the ÖVP to agree to form a coalition government with the FPÖ. The coalition was initially subject to sanctions from the European Union, which claimed that the coalition was "legitimis[ing] the extreme right in Europe." The FPÖ soon became uncomfortable with its new government position and fell sharply in support in the 2002 election, where it gained only 10% of the vote. The two parties agreed to continue their coalition following the election; however, increasing internal disagreements in the FPÖ led Haider and many leading party members (including the FPÖ part of the government) to defect from the party in 2005. They formed a new party, the Alliance for the Future of Austria (BZÖ), which replaced the FPÖ as government partner with the ÖVP. Since then, the chairman of the FPÖ has been Heinz-Christian Strache and the party has again attracted an increase in its popular support. |
The Imperial Council (German: Reichsrat, Czech: Říšská rada, Polish: Rada Państwa, Italian: Consiglio Imperiale,Slovene: Državni zbor) was the legislature of the Austrian Empire from 1861, and from 1867 the legislature ofCisleithania within Austria-Hungary. It was a bicameral body: the upper house was the House of Lords (German:Herrenhaus), and the lower house was the House of Deputies (German: Abgeordnetenhaus). To become law, bills had to be passed by both houses, signed by the government minister responsible, and then granted royal assent by the Emperor. After having been passed, laws were published in the Reichsgesetzblatt (lit. Reich Law Gazette). In addition to the Imperial Council, the fifteen individual crown lands of Cisleithania had their own diets (German: Landtage).
The seat of the Imperial Council from 4 December 1883 was in the Parliament Building on Ringstraße in Vienna. Prior to the completion of this building, the House of Lords met in the Palais Niederösterreich, and the House of Deputies met in a temporary wooden building designed by Ferdinand Fellner on Währinger Straße. The Imperial Council was dissolved on 12 November 1918, following Austria-Hungary's defeat in the First World War. |
____________|_________________________________________________|_______
/ Glean /-The -/ Glen /
of
/ Amorites /
of
/ Glen / Strong arm / of / Lot / --Amarna Letters--Glean-ing of / Anna /
|
/ Scribes / of / Council / of / Korah /
|
/ Gang-ster-s /
|
/ Pered / Ham-ster /
Glenarm Scots: Glenairm Irish: Gleann Arma
Glenarm (from Irish Gleann Arma, meaning "valley of the army"; Ulster-Scots Glenairm)[1] is a village in County Antrim, Northern Ireland. It lies on the North Channel coast north of the town of Larne and the village of Ballygalley, and south of the village of Carnlough. It is situated in the civil parish of Tickmacrevan and the historic barony ofGlenarm Lower.[2] It had a population of 582 people in the 2001 Census. Glenarm takes it name from the glen in which it lies, the southernmost of the nine Glens of Antrim. It is in the Larne Borough Council area.
_______________________________
|
/ Glean /-The -/ Glen /
of
/ Amorites /
of
/ Glen / Strong arm / of / Lot / --Amarna Letters--Glean-ing of / Anna /
|
/ Scribes / of / Council / of / Korah /
|
/ Gang-ster-s /
|
/ Pered / Ham-ster /
Glenarm Scots: Glenairm Irish: Gleann Arma
Glenarm (from Irish Gleann Arma, meaning "valley of the army"; Ulster-Scots Glenairm)[1] is a village in County Antrim, Northern Ireland. It lies on the North Channel coast north of the town of Larne and the village of Ballygalley, and south of the village of Carnlough. It is situated in the civil parish of Tickmacrevan and the historic barony ofGlenarm Lower.[2] It had a population of 582 people in the 2001 Census. Glenarm takes it name from the glen in which it lies, the southernmost of the nine Glens of Antrim. It is in the Larne Borough Council area.
_______________________________
|
__________|___________
/ Set up in Secret /
|
/ Pered / Ham-ster /
Ideology Ulster loyalism
The Glenanne gang or Glenanne group was a secret informal alliance of Ulster loyalists, mostly from Northern Ireland, who carried out shooting and bombing attacks against Catholics and nationalists during the Troubles, beginning in the 1970s.[1] Most of its attacks took place in the "murder triangle" area of counties Armagh andTyrone.[2] It also launched some attacks elsewhere in Northern Ireland and in the Republic of Ireland. The gang included British soldiers from the Ulster Defence Regiment (UDR), police officers from the Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC), and members of the Mid-Ulster Brigade of the Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF).[3][4] Twenty-five British soldiers and police officers were named as purported members of the gang.[5] Details about the group have come from many sources, including the affidavit of former member and RUC officer John Weir; statements by other former members; police, army and court documents; and ballistics evidence linking the same weapons to various attacks. Since 2003, the group's activities have also been investigated by the 2006 Cassel Report, and three reports commissioned by Irish Supreme Court Justice Henry Barron, known as the Barron Reports.[6]
A book focusing on the group's activities, Lethal Allies: British Collusion in Ireland, was published in 2013.[7]
It drew on all the aforementioned sources, as well as Historical Enquiries Team investigations.
Lethal Allies claims that permutations of the group killed about 120 people – almost all of whom were "upwardly mobile" Catholic civilians with no links to Irish republican paramilitaries.[5] The Cassel Report investigated 76 killings attributed to the group and found evidence that British soldiers and RUC officers were involved in 74 of those.[8] John Weir claimed his superiors knew he was working with loyalist militants but allowed it to continue.[9]The Cassel Report also said that some senior officers knew of the crimes but did nothing to prevent, investigate or punish.[8] It has been alleged that some key members were double agents working for British military intelligence and RUC Special Branch.[4][10] Attacks attributed to the group include the Dublin and Monaghan bombings, the Miami Showband killings, and the Reavey and O'Dowd killings.[4] Many of the victims were killed at their homes or in indiscriminate attacks on Catholic-owned pubs with guns and/or bombs. Some were shot after being stopped at fake British Army checkpoints, and a number of the attacks were co-ordinated.[11] When it wished to "claim" its attacks, the group usually used the name "Protestant Action Force". The name "Glenanne gang" has been used since 2003 and is derived from the farm at Glenanne (near Markethill, County Armagh) that was used as the gang's main 'base of operations'.[12][13] It also made use of a farm near Dungannon.[14]
_________________________________
|
/ Set up in Secret /
|
/ Pered / Ham-ster /
Ideology Ulster loyalism
The Glenanne gang or Glenanne group was a secret informal alliance of Ulster loyalists, mostly from Northern Ireland, who carried out shooting and bombing attacks against Catholics and nationalists during the Troubles, beginning in the 1970s.[1] Most of its attacks took place in the "murder triangle" area of counties Armagh andTyrone.[2] It also launched some attacks elsewhere in Northern Ireland and in the Republic of Ireland. The gang included British soldiers from the Ulster Defence Regiment (UDR), police officers from the Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC), and members of the Mid-Ulster Brigade of the Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF).[3][4] Twenty-five British soldiers and police officers were named as purported members of the gang.[5] Details about the group have come from many sources, including the affidavit of former member and RUC officer John Weir; statements by other former members; police, army and court documents; and ballistics evidence linking the same weapons to various attacks. Since 2003, the group's activities have also been investigated by the 2006 Cassel Report, and three reports commissioned by Irish Supreme Court Justice Henry Barron, known as the Barron Reports.[6]
A book focusing on the group's activities, Lethal Allies: British Collusion in Ireland, was published in 2013.[7]
It drew on all the aforementioned sources, as well as Historical Enquiries Team investigations.
Lethal Allies claims that permutations of the group killed about 120 people – almost all of whom were "upwardly mobile" Catholic civilians with no links to Irish republican paramilitaries.[5] The Cassel Report investigated 76 killings attributed to the group and found evidence that British soldiers and RUC officers were involved in 74 of those.[8] John Weir claimed his superiors knew he was working with loyalist militants but allowed it to continue.[9]The Cassel Report also said that some senior officers knew of the crimes but did nothing to prevent, investigate or punish.[8] It has been alleged that some key members were double agents working for British military intelligence and RUC Special Branch.[4][10] Attacks attributed to the group include the Dublin and Monaghan bombings, the Miami Showband killings, and the Reavey and O'Dowd killings.[4] Many of the victims were killed at their homes or in indiscriminate attacks on Catholic-owned pubs with guns and/or bombs. Some were shot after being stopped at fake British Army checkpoints, and a number of the attacks were co-ordinated.[11] When it wished to "claim" its attacks, the group usually used the name "Protestant Action Force". The name "Glenanne gang" has been used since 2003 and is derived from the farm at Glenanne (near Markethill, County Armagh) that was used as the gang's main 'base of operations'.[12][13] It also made use of a farm near Dungannon.[14]
_________________________________
|
___________________
/ Achiram / Ahiram / Hiram / of / Bela /
|
/ Golgotha /
Wallia or Valia (in Spanish: Walia, in Portuguese Vália) was king of the Visigoths from 415 to 419, earning a reputation as a great warrior and prudent ruler. He was elected to the throne after Athaulf and then Sigeric were assassinated in 415.
Early on, Wallia made peace with Emperor Honorius and accepted a treaty with the Roman Empire. He also returned Honorius' sister Galla Placidia to him. As gains from these arrangements, Wallia was granted Aquitaine in 417 as a region where the Visigoths would be based as official allies or foederati. He established his court in Toulouse, which became the Visigothic capital for the rest of the fifth century.
In 418 he honored the alliance by invading Hispania, where his army destroyed the Siling Vandals and so reduced the numbers of Alans living there that the survivors placed themselves under the rule of Gunderic, king of the Asding Vandals.
Some historical sources say that he was related to Alaric only by marriage. He was succeeded by Alaric's illegitimate son or son in law Theodoric. Wallia's daughter married Rechila, King of the Suevi, and was the mother of Ricimer and the mother in law of Gundowech, King of the Burgundians.
Wallia is sometimes assumed to have been the historical model for the legendary figure of Walter of Aquitaine.
/ Achiram / Ahiram / Hiram / of / Bela /
|
/ Golgotha /
Wallia or Valia (in Spanish: Walia, in Portuguese Vália) was king of the Visigoths from 415 to 419, earning a reputation as a great warrior and prudent ruler. He was elected to the throne after Athaulf and then Sigeric were assassinated in 415.
Early on, Wallia made peace with Emperor Honorius and accepted a treaty with the Roman Empire. He also returned Honorius' sister Galla Placidia to him. As gains from these arrangements, Wallia was granted Aquitaine in 417 as a region where the Visigoths would be based as official allies or foederati. He established his court in Toulouse, which became the Visigothic capital for the rest of the fifth century.
In 418 he honored the alliance by invading Hispania, where his army destroyed the Siling Vandals and so reduced the numbers of Alans living there that the survivors placed themselves under the rule of Gunderic, king of the Asding Vandals.
Some historical sources say that he was related to Alaric only by marriage. He was succeeded by Alaric's illegitimate son or son in law Theodoric. Wallia's daughter married Rechila, King of the Suevi, and was the mother of Ricimer and the mother in law of Gundowech, King of the Burgundians.
Wallia is sometimes assumed to have been the historical model for the legendary figure of Walter of Aquitaine.
________________________
/ Al- ar- ic /
|
/ Golgotha /
Alaric I (Gothic: Alareiks - "supreme chief"; b. 370 (or 375) – d. 410) was the first King of the Visigoths from 395–410, son (or paternal grandson) of chieftain Rothestes, according to Christian Settipani. Alaric is best known for his sack of Rome in 410, which marked a decisive event in the decline of the Roman Empire.
_______________
/ Thrace /
Alaric's first appearance was as the leader of a mixed band of Goths and allied peoples who invaded Thrace in 391 and were stopped by the half-Vandal Roman General Stilicho. Later to join the Roman army, Alaric began his career under the Gothic soldier Gainas.
In 394 he led a Gothic force of 20,000 that helped the Eastern Roman Emperor Theodosius defeat the Frankish usurper Arbogast at the Battle of Frigidus. Despite sacrificing around 10,000 of his men, Alaric received little recognition from the Emperor.
Disappointed, he left the army and was elected reiks of the Visigoths in 395, and marched toward Constantinople until he was diverted by Roman forces.
He then moved southward intoGreece, where he sacked Piraeus (the port of Athens) and destroyed Corinth, Megara, Argos, and Sparta.
As a response, the Eastern emperor Flavius Arcadius appointed Alaric magister militum ("master of the soldiers") in Illyricum.
In 401 Alaric invaded Italy, but he was defeated by Stilicho at Pollentia (modern Pollenza) on April 6, 402. A second invasion also ended in defeat at the Battle of Verona, though Alaric forced the Roman Senate to pay a large subsidy to the Visigoths.
During the Italian invasion of Radagaisus Alaric remained idle in Illyria. In 408, Western Emperor Flavius Honorius ordered the execution of Stilicho and his family, amid rumours that the general had made a deal with Alaric.
Honorius then incited the Roman population to massacre tens of thousands of wives and children of Goths serving in the Roman military. Subsequently, around 30,000 Gothic soldiers defected to Alaric, and joined his march on Rome to avenge their murdered families.[citation needed]
Moving swiftly along Roman roads, Alaric sacked the cities of Aquileia and Cremona and ravaged the lands along theAdriatic Sea. The Visigothic leader thereupon laid siege to Rome in 408. Eventually, the Senate granted him a substantial subsidy. In addition, Alaric forced the Senate to liberate all 40,000 Gothic slaves in Rome. Honorius, however, refused to appoint Alaric as the commander of the Western Roman Army, and in 409 the Visigoths again surrounded Rome. Alaric lifted his blockade after proclaiming Attalus as Western Emperor. Attalus appointed himmagister utriusque militiae ("master of both services") but refused to allow him to send an army into Africa. Negotiations with Honorius broke down, and Alaric deposed Attalus in the summer of 410, and besieged Rome for the third time. Allies within the capital opened the gates for him on August 24, and for three days his troops sacked the city. Although the Visigoths plundered Rome, they treated its inhabitants humanely and burned only a few buildings. Having abandoned a plan to occupy Sicily and North Africa after the destruction of his fleet in a storm, Alaric died as the Visigoths were marching northward.
________________
/ Ger-man / -ic /
Theodoric I (Gothic: Þiudareiks; German: Theodorid or Theodorich; Latin: Theodericus; died in 451 AD), called in Spanish, Portuguese and Italian Teodorico, was the Germanic King of the Visigoths from 418 to 451 AD. An illegitimate son of Alaric,[1] Theodoric is famous for his part in defeating Attila at the Battle of the Catalaunian Plains in 451, where he was killed.
In 418 he succeeded King Wallia. The Romans had ordered King Wallia to move his people from Iberia to Gaul. As king, Theodoric completed the settlements of the Visigoths in Gallia Aquitania II, Novempopulana and Gallia Narbonensis, and then used the declining power of the Roman Empire to extend his territory to the south.
____________________
/ Balkan Region / of / Javan /
Born on Peuce Island at the mouth of the Danube Delta in present day Romania, Alaric belonged to the noble Balti dynasty of the Tervingian Goths.
The Goths suffered setbacks against the Huns, made a mass migration across the Danube, and fought a war with Rome.
Alaric was probably a child during this period.
The Balt(h)i dynasty, Baltungs, Balthings, or Balth(e)s, existed among the Visigoths, a Germanic tribe who confronted the Western Roman Empire in its declining years. The Balti took their name from the Gothic word balþa (baltha; bald or bold). It thus meant "the Bold ones" or "Bold men".
The Balti were considered next in worth among Gothic fighters, and next in royal dignity, to the Amali. But it was Alaric the Visigoth, a Balth, who led his people to the sacking of Rome in 410 CE and founded a dynasty that would come to rule much of Roman Gaul for a century and all of Roman Hispania for longer, establishing a kingdom in the latter that would last until early in the eighth century.
The Balti dynasty of Visigothic kings reigned from 395 to 531.
Edward Gibbon in footnote 4, Chapter 30, of the History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, adds:
"This illustrious race long continued to flourish in France, in the Gothic province of Septimania, or Languedoc; under the corrupted appellation of Boax; and a branch of that family afterwards settled in the kingdom of Naples (Grotius in Prolegom. ad Hist. Gothic. p. 53). The lords of Baux, near Arles, and of seventy-nine subordinate places, were independent of the counts of Provence, (Longuerue, Description de la France, tom. i. p. 357)".
_______________________________________________________________________
| | | | |
/ Al- ar- ic /
|
/ Golgotha /
Alaric I (Gothic: Alareiks - "supreme chief"; b. 370 (or 375) – d. 410) was the first King of the Visigoths from 395–410, son (or paternal grandson) of chieftain Rothestes, according to Christian Settipani. Alaric is best known for his sack of Rome in 410, which marked a decisive event in the decline of the Roman Empire.
_______________
/ Thrace /
Alaric's first appearance was as the leader of a mixed band of Goths and allied peoples who invaded Thrace in 391 and were stopped by the half-Vandal Roman General Stilicho. Later to join the Roman army, Alaric began his career under the Gothic soldier Gainas.
In 394 he led a Gothic force of 20,000 that helped the Eastern Roman Emperor Theodosius defeat the Frankish usurper Arbogast at the Battle of Frigidus. Despite sacrificing around 10,000 of his men, Alaric received little recognition from the Emperor.
Disappointed, he left the army and was elected reiks of the Visigoths in 395, and marched toward Constantinople until he was diverted by Roman forces.
He then moved southward intoGreece, where he sacked Piraeus (the port of Athens) and destroyed Corinth, Megara, Argos, and Sparta.
As a response, the Eastern emperor Flavius Arcadius appointed Alaric magister militum ("master of the soldiers") in Illyricum.
In 401 Alaric invaded Italy, but he was defeated by Stilicho at Pollentia (modern Pollenza) on April 6, 402. A second invasion also ended in defeat at the Battle of Verona, though Alaric forced the Roman Senate to pay a large subsidy to the Visigoths.
During the Italian invasion of Radagaisus Alaric remained idle in Illyria. In 408, Western Emperor Flavius Honorius ordered the execution of Stilicho and his family, amid rumours that the general had made a deal with Alaric.
Honorius then incited the Roman population to massacre tens of thousands of wives and children of Goths serving in the Roman military. Subsequently, around 30,000 Gothic soldiers defected to Alaric, and joined his march on Rome to avenge their murdered families.[citation needed]
Moving swiftly along Roman roads, Alaric sacked the cities of Aquileia and Cremona and ravaged the lands along theAdriatic Sea. The Visigothic leader thereupon laid siege to Rome in 408. Eventually, the Senate granted him a substantial subsidy. In addition, Alaric forced the Senate to liberate all 40,000 Gothic slaves in Rome. Honorius, however, refused to appoint Alaric as the commander of the Western Roman Army, and in 409 the Visigoths again surrounded Rome. Alaric lifted his blockade after proclaiming Attalus as Western Emperor. Attalus appointed himmagister utriusque militiae ("master of both services") but refused to allow him to send an army into Africa. Negotiations with Honorius broke down, and Alaric deposed Attalus in the summer of 410, and besieged Rome for the third time. Allies within the capital opened the gates for him on August 24, and for three days his troops sacked the city. Although the Visigoths plundered Rome, they treated its inhabitants humanely and burned only a few buildings. Having abandoned a plan to occupy Sicily and North Africa after the destruction of his fleet in a storm, Alaric died as the Visigoths were marching northward.
________________
/ Ger-man / -ic /
Theodoric I (Gothic: Þiudareiks; German: Theodorid or Theodorich; Latin: Theodericus; died in 451 AD), called in Spanish, Portuguese and Italian Teodorico, was the Germanic King of the Visigoths from 418 to 451 AD. An illegitimate son of Alaric,[1] Theodoric is famous for his part in defeating Attila at the Battle of the Catalaunian Plains in 451, where he was killed.
In 418 he succeeded King Wallia. The Romans had ordered King Wallia to move his people from Iberia to Gaul. As king, Theodoric completed the settlements of the Visigoths in Gallia Aquitania II, Novempopulana and Gallia Narbonensis, and then used the declining power of the Roman Empire to extend his territory to the south.
____________________
/ Balkan Region / of / Javan /
Born on Peuce Island at the mouth of the Danube Delta in present day Romania, Alaric belonged to the noble Balti dynasty of the Tervingian Goths.
The Goths suffered setbacks against the Huns, made a mass migration across the Danube, and fought a war with Rome.
Alaric was probably a child during this period.
The Balt(h)i dynasty, Baltungs, Balthings, or Balth(e)s, existed among the Visigoths, a Germanic tribe who confronted the Western Roman Empire in its declining years. The Balti took their name from the Gothic word balþa (baltha; bald or bold). It thus meant "the Bold ones" or "Bold men".
The Balti were considered next in worth among Gothic fighters, and next in royal dignity, to the Amali. But it was Alaric the Visigoth, a Balth, who led his people to the sacking of Rome in 410 CE and founded a dynasty that would come to rule much of Roman Gaul for a century and all of Roman Hispania for longer, establishing a kingdom in the latter that would last until early in the eighth century.
The Balti dynasty of Visigothic kings reigned from 395 to 531.
Edward Gibbon in footnote 4, Chapter 30, of the History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, adds:
"This illustrious race long continued to flourish in France, in the Gothic province of Septimania, or Languedoc; under the corrupted appellation of Boax; and a branch of that family afterwards settled in the kingdom of Naples (Grotius in Prolegom. ad Hist. Gothic. p. 53). The lords of Baux, near Arles, and of seventy-nine subordinate places, were independent of the counts of Provence, (Longuerue, Description de la France, tom. i. p. 357)".
_______________________________________________________________________
| | | | |
____|_________________|________________|________________|________________|____
/ Rockefella / Green and / Black-Rock / of / Merarian /
The land of Provence has a history quite separate from that of any of the larger nations of Europe. Its independent existence has its origins in the frontier nature of the dukedom in Merovingian Gaul. In this position, influenced and affected by several different cultures on different sides, the Provençals maintained a unity which was reinforced when it was created a separate kingdom in the Carolingian decline of the later ninth century. Provence was eventually joined to the other Burgundian kingdom, but it remained ruled by its own powerful, and largely independent, counts.
In the eleventh century, Provence became disputed between the traditional line and the counts of Toulouse, who claimed the title of "Margrave of Provence." In the High Middle Ages, the title of Count of Provence belonged to local families ofFrankish origin, to the House of Barcelona, to the House of Anjou and to a cadet branch of the House of Valois. After 1032, the county was part of the Holy Roman Empire. It was inherited by King Louis XI of France in 1481, and definitively incorporated into the French royal domain by his son Charles VIII in 1484.
_____________________________________________________
| |
/ Rockefella / Green and / Black-Rock / of / Merarian /
The land of Provence has a history quite separate from that of any of the larger nations of Europe. Its independent existence has its origins in the frontier nature of the dukedom in Merovingian Gaul. In this position, influenced and affected by several different cultures on different sides, the Provençals maintained a unity which was reinforced when it was created a separate kingdom in the Carolingian decline of the later ninth century. Provence was eventually joined to the other Burgundian kingdom, but it remained ruled by its own powerful, and largely independent, counts.
In the eleventh century, Provence became disputed between the traditional line and the counts of Toulouse, who claimed the title of "Margrave of Provence." In the High Middle Ages, the title of Count of Provence belonged to local families ofFrankish origin, to the House of Barcelona, to the House of Anjou and to a cadet branch of the House of Valois. After 1032, the county was part of the Holy Roman Empire. It was inherited by King Louis XI of France in 1481, and definitively incorporated into the French royal domain by his son Charles VIII in 1484.
_____________________________________________________
| |
_______________
The Rockefeller Museum, formerly the Palestine Archaeological Museum,[1] is an archaeological museum located in East Jerusalem[2] that houses a large collection of artifacts unearthed in the excavations conducted in Mandate Palestine, in the 1920s and 1930s. The museum is under the management of the Israel Museum and houses the head office of the Israel Antiquities Authority.[3] ______________________ / Bezalel / n 1906, the Jewish National Fund began to negotiate the purchase of Karm el-Sheikh, a tract of land facing the northeastern corner of the Old City walls, to house the Bezalel School of Art and Crafts. The founder of the school, Boris Schatz envisaged a museum and university that would overlook the Temple Mount.[5] In 1919, town planner Patrick Geddes proposed the establishment of an antiquities museum at this site. To further the project, the Mandate authorities proposed a special tourism tax in 1924.[4] The Rockefeller family /ˈrɒkɨfɛlər/ is an American industrial, political, and banking family that made one of the world's largest fortunes in the oil business during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, with John D. Rockefeller and his brother William Rockefeller primarily through Standard Oil.[1] The family is also known for its long association with and control of Chase Manhattan Bank.[2] They are considered to be one of the most powerful families, if not the most powerful family,[3] in the history of the United States. Family background[edit] One of the founding members of the Rockefeller family was con artist William Rockefeller Sr. born in Granger, New York to a Protestant family with English, German, and Scots-Irish roots. He had six children with his first wife Eliza Davison, the most prominent of which were oil tycoons John D. Rockefeller and William Rockefeller, co-founders of Standard Oil. Protestantism is a form of Christian faith and practice which originated with the Protestant Reformation,[a] a movement against what its followers considered to be errors in the Roman Catholic Church.[1] It is one of the three major divisions of Christendom, together with Roman Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy.[2][3] Anglicanism is sometimes considered to be independent from Protestantism.[b] The term refers to the letter of protestation from Lutheran princes in 1529 against an edict condemning the teachings of Martin Luther as heretical.[4]
With its origins in Germany, the modern movement is popularly considered to have begun in 1517 when Luther published The Ninety-Five Theses as a reaction against abuses in the sale of indulgences, which purported to offer remission of sin to their purchasers.[5] Although there were earlier breaks from or attempts to reform the Roman Catholic Church — notably by Peter Waldo, Arnold of Brescia,[6] John Wycliffe, and Jan Hus — only Luther succeeded in sparking a wider, lasting movement.[7] All the many Protestant denominations reject the notion of papal supremacy over the Church universal and generally deny the Roman Catholic doctrine of transubstantiation, but they disagree among themselves regarding Christ's presence in the Eucharist.[8] The various denominations generally emphasize the priesthood of all believers, the doctrine of justification by faith alone (sola fide) rather than by or with good works, and a belief in the Bible alone (rather than with Catholic tradition) as the sole authority in matters of faith and morals (sola scriptura).[9] The "Five solae" summarize the reformers' basic differences in theological beliefs in opposition to the teaching of the Roman Catholic Church of the day.[10] Protestantism diffused on the European continent during the 16th century. Lutheranism spread from Germany into its surrounding areas,[c] Denmark,[d] Norway,[e] Sweden,[f] Prussia,[g] Latvia,[h] and Estonia,[i] as well as other smaller territories.[11]Reformed churches were founded primarily in Germany and its adjacent regions,[j] Hungary,[k] the Netherlands,[l] Scotland,[m]Switzerland,[n] and France[o] by such reformers as John Calvin, Huldrych Zwingli, and John Knox.[12] Arminianism gained supporters in the Netherlands and parts of Germany. In 1534, King Henry VIII put an end to all papal jurisdiction in England[p]after the Pope failed to annul his marriage to Catherine of Aragon;[13] this opened the door to reformational ideas, notably during the following reign of Edward VI, through Thomas Cranmer, Richard Hooker, and other theologians.[14][15] There were also reformational efforts throughout continental Europe known as the Radical Reformation — a response to perceived corruption in both the Roman Catholic Church and the expanding Magisterial Reformation led by Luther and various other reformers — which gave rise toAnabaptist, Moravian, and other Pietistic movements.[16] In later centuries, Protestants developed their own culture, which made major contributions in education, the humanities and sciences, the political and social order, the economy and the arts, and other fields.[17] An exact number of Protestant denominations is difficult to calculate and depends on definition.[r] Nevertheless, most Protestants are members of just a handful of denominational families: Adventism, Anglicanism, Baptist churches, Reformed churches,[s] Lutheranism, Methodism, and Pentecostalism.[3] Six princes of the Holy Roman Empire and rulers of fourteen Imperial Free Cities, who issued a protest or dissent against the edict of the Diet of Speyer, were the first to be called Protestants.[24] The edict reversed concessions made to the Lutherans with the approval of theHoly Roman Emperor three years earlier. The etymology of the word protestant is derived from Latin, pro ("for") and testari ("witness") and/or protestatio ("declare").[25] During the Reformation, the term was hardly used outside of the German politics. The word evangelical (German: evangelisch), which refers to the gospel, was much more widely used for those involved in the religious movement.[26] Nowadays, this word is still preferred among some of the historical Protestant denominations, above all the ones in the German-speaking area such as the EKD. Protestantism as a general term is now used in contradistinction to the other major Christian faiths, i.e. Roman Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy. Initially, the word Protestant became a general term to mean any adherent to the Reformation movement in Germany and was taken up by Lutherans. Even though Martin Luther himself insisted on Christian or Evangelical as the only acceptable names for individuals who professed Christ. French and Swiss Protestants preferred the word reformed (French: réformé), regardless of one's affiliation with the Lutheran or the Reformed branch of Protestantism. The term Protestant later acquired a broader sense, referring to a member of any Western church, which subscribed to the main Protestant principles.[24] However, it is often misused to mention any church outside the Roman and the Eastern Orthodox communion. |
________________
/ Lachish / of / Laish / The Lachish Letters or Lachish Ostraka, sometimes called Hoshaiah Letters, are a series of letters written in carbon ink in Ancient Hebrew on clay ostraca. The letters were discovered at the excavations at Lachish (Tell ed-Duweir). Some of the Dead Sea Scrolls discovered at Qumran between 1947 and 1956, consisting of Jewish texts and commentaries, were housed in the Rockefeller Museum. In 1967, following the Israeli capture and occupation of East Jerusalem, the scrolls were seized by Israel and relocated to the Shrine of the Book, a specially designed building on the grounds of the Israel Museum, with the ownership of these scrolls having been heavily contested ever since. The Copper Scroll was taken to the Jordan Archaeological Museum in Amman.[19] _________________________
/ Chaldeans / Catholoic / of / Judeans / The Chalcolithic (English /ˌkælkəlˈlɪθɪk/;[1] Greek: χαλκός khalkós, "copper" and λίθος líthos, "stone")[1] period or Copper Age,[1]also known as the Eneolithic[1] or Æneolithic (from Latin aeneus "of bronze"), is a phase of the Bronze Age before it was discovered that adding tin to copper formed the harder bronze. The Copper Age was originally defined as a transition between theNeolithic and the Bronze Age. However, because it is characterized by the use of metals, the Copper Age is considered a part of the Bronze Age rather than the Stone Age. The archaeological site of Belovode on the Rudnik mountain in Serbia contains the world's oldest securely dated evidence of copper making at high temperature, from 5,000 BC.[2][3] The three-age system in archaeology and physical anthropology is the periodization of human prehistory andhistory into three consecutive time periods, named for their respective tool-making technologies:
|
______|_______________________________________________|__________
/ Pict's /
|
/ Stone Age - Cushites / Ethiopians / Spear / Bronze Age Amorites / Iron age /
Ancient Near East[edit]Main article: Ancient Near East
The Iron Age in the Ancient Near East is believed to have begun with the discovery of iron smelting and smithing techniques in Anatolia or the Caucasus and Balkansin the late 2nd millennium BC (c. 1300 BC).[19] However, this theory has been challenged by the emergence of those placing the transition in price and availability issues rather than the development of technology on its own. The earliest bloomery smelting of iron is found at Tell Hammeh, Jordan around 930 BC (C14 dating).
_____________________________
/ Phoenicia / Hurro-Urartian /
The development of iron smelting was once attributed to the Hittites of Anatolia during the Late Bronze Age. It was believed that they maintained a monopoly on ironworking, and that their empire had been based on that advantage.[20] Accordingly, the invading Sea Peoples were responsible for spreading the knowledge through that region. This theory is no longer held in the common current thought of the majority of scholarship,[20] since there is no archaeological evidence of the alleged Hittite monopoly. While there are some iron objects from Bronze Age Anatolia, the number is comparable to iron objects found in Egypt and other places of the same time period; and only a small number of these objects are weapons.[21] As part of the Late Bronze Age-Early Iron Age, the Bronze Age collapse saw the slow, comparatively continuous spread of iron-working technology in the region. The Ugaritic script was in use during this time, around 1300 BC. Ugarit was one of the centres of the literate world.
/ Pict's /
|
/ Stone Age - Cushites / Ethiopians / Spear / Bronze Age Amorites / Iron age /
Ancient Near East[edit]Main article: Ancient Near East
The Iron Age in the Ancient Near East is believed to have begun with the discovery of iron smelting and smithing techniques in Anatolia or the Caucasus and Balkansin the late 2nd millennium BC (c. 1300 BC).[19] However, this theory has been challenged by the emergence of those placing the transition in price and availability issues rather than the development of technology on its own. The earliest bloomery smelting of iron is found at Tell Hammeh, Jordan around 930 BC (C14 dating).
_____________________________
/ Phoenicia / Hurro-Urartian /
The development of iron smelting was once attributed to the Hittites of Anatolia during the Late Bronze Age. It was believed that they maintained a monopoly on ironworking, and that their empire had been based on that advantage.[20] Accordingly, the invading Sea Peoples were responsible for spreading the knowledge through that region. This theory is no longer held in the common current thought of the majority of scholarship,[20] since there is no archaeological evidence of the alleged Hittite monopoly. While there are some iron objects from Bronze Age Anatolia, the number is comparable to iron objects found in Egypt and other places of the same time period; and only a small number of these objects are weapons.[21] As part of the Late Bronze Age-Early Iron Age, the Bronze Age collapse saw the slow, comparatively continuous spread of iron-working technology in the region. The Ugaritic script was in use during this time, around 1300 BC. Ugarit was one of the centres of the literate world.
_________________
/ Ahiram /
Assyro-Babylonian literature, written in the Akkadian language, of Mesopotamia (Assyria and Babylonia) continues into the Iron Age up until the 6th centuries BC. The oldest Phoenician alphabet inscription is the Ahiram epitaph, engraved on the sarcophagus of King Ahiram from circa 1200 BC.[22] It has become conventional to refer to the alphabetic script as "Proto-Canaanite" until the mid-11th century BC, when it is first attested on inscribed bronze arrowheads, and as "Phoenician" only after 1050 BC.[23] The Paleo-Hebrew alphabet is identical to the Phoenician alphabet and dates to the 10th century BC.
The 'Celtic' culture had expanded to the group of islands of northwest Europe (Insular Celts) and Iberia (Celtiberians, Celtici and Gallaeci). On the British Isles, the British Iron Age lasted from about 800 BC[19] until the Roman Conquest and until the 5th century in non-Romanised parts. Structures dating from this time are often impressive, for example the brochs and duns of northern Scotland and the hill forts that dotted the islands. On the Iberian peninsula, the Paleohispanic scripts began to be used between 7th century to the 5th century BC. These scripts were used until the end of the 1st century BC or the beginning of the 1st century AD.
Northern Europe[edit]
The early Iron Age forms of Scandinavia show no traces of Roman influence, though these become abundant toward the middle of the period. The duration of the Iron Age is variously estimated according as its commencement is placed nearer to or farther from the opening years of the Christian era; but it is agreed on all hands that the last division of the Iron Age of Scandinavia, the Viking Period, is to be taken as from 700 to 1000 AD, when paganism in those lands was superseded by Christianity.[1]
The Iron Age north of the Alps is divided into the Pre-Roman Iron Age and the Roman Iron Age. In Scandinavia, further periods followed up to AD 1100: the Migration Period, the Vendel or Merovingian Period and the Viking Period. The earliest part of the Iron Age in north-western Germany and southern Jutland was dominated by the Jastorf culture.
Early Scandinavian iron production typically involved the harvesting of bog iron. The Scandinavian peninsula, Finland and Estonia show sophisticated iron production from c. 500 BC. Metalworking and Asbestos-Ceramic pottery co-occur to some extent. Another iron ore used was iron sand (such as red soil). Its high phosphorus content can be identified in slag. Such slag is sometimes found together with asbestos ware-associated axe types belonging to the Ananyino Culture.
_____________________________________________________________
| | |
/ Ahiram /
Assyro-Babylonian literature, written in the Akkadian language, of Mesopotamia (Assyria and Babylonia) continues into the Iron Age up until the 6th centuries BC. The oldest Phoenician alphabet inscription is the Ahiram epitaph, engraved on the sarcophagus of King Ahiram from circa 1200 BC.[22] It has become conventional to refer to the alphabetic script as "Proto-Canaanite" until the mid-11th century BC, when it is first attested on inscribed bronze arrowheads, and as "Phoenician" only after 1050 BC.[23] The Paleo-Hebrew alphabet is identical to the Phoenician alphabet and dates to the 10th century BC.
The 'Celtic' culture had expanded to the group of islands of northwest Europe (Insular Celts) and Iberia (Celtiberians, Celtici and Gallaeci). On the British Isles, the British Iron Age lasted from about 800 BC[19] until the Roman Conquest and until the 5th century in non-Romanised parts. Structures dating from this time are often impressive, for example the brochs and duns of northern Scotland and the hill forts that dotted the islands. On the Iberian peninsula, the Paleohispanic scripts began to be used between 7th century to the 5th century BC. These scripts were used until the end of the 1st century BC or the beginning of the 1st century AD.
Northern Europe[edit]
The early Iron Age forms of Scandinavia show no traces of Roman influence, though these become abundant toward the middle of the period. The duration of the Iron Age is variously estimated according as its commencement is placed nearer to or farther from the opening years of the Christian era; but it is agreed on all hands that the last division of the Iron Age of Scandinavia, the Viking Period, is to be taken as from 700 to 1000 AD, when paganism in those lands was superseded by Christianity.[1]
The Iron Age north of the Alps is divided into the Pre-Roman Iron Age and the Roman Iron Age. In Scandinavia, further periods followed up to AD 1100: the Migration Period, the Vendel or Merovingian Period and the Viking Period. The earliest part of the Iron Age in north-western Germany and southern Jutland was dominated by the Jastorf culture.
Early Scandinavian iron production typically involved the harvesting of bog iron. The Scandinavian peninsula, Finland and Estonia show sophisticated iron production from c. 500 BC. Metalworking and Asbestos-Ceramic pottery co-occur to some extent. Another iron ore used was iron sand (such as red soil). Its high phosphorus content can be identified in slag. Such slag is sometimes found together with asbestos ware-associated axe types belonging to the Ananyino Culture.
_____________________________________________________________
| | |
Landings and attacks by Berber pirates were also frequent in the 16th century, and continued until the early 18th century. At that time, huge iron mines were discovered and French and British companies set up business in the area, bringing renewed prosperity and returning Almería to a position of relative importance within Spain.
|
/ Sephard-ic /
The name "Andalusia" is derived from the Arabic word Al-Andalus (الأندلس) and this term derives in turn from an older word: Vandalusia or land of the Vandals.[6] As well as Muslim and Romani influences, the region's history and culture have been influenced by the earlier Iberians, Carthaginians/Phoenicians, Greeks, Romans, Vandals, Visigoths,Byzantines, all of whom preceded the Muslims, as well as the Castilian and other Christian North Iberian nationalities who regained and repopulated the area in the latter phases of the Reconquista. There was also a relatively large Sephardic Jewish presence. The Visigothic era came to an abrupt end in 711 with the Umayyad conquest of Hispania by the Umayyad general Tariq ibn Ziyad, an Islamic Berber.[19] |
Serbia (i/ˈsɜrbiə/), officially the Republic of Serbia (Serbian: Republika Srbija, Република Србија,pronounced [repǔblika sř̩bija]), is a sovereign state situated at the crossroads between Central[6][7][8] and Southeast Europe, covering the southern part of the Pannonian Plain and the central Balkans. Serbia is landlocked and bordersHungary to the north; Romania and Bulgaria to the east; Macedonia to the south; and Croatia, Bosnia, andMontenegro to the west; it also claims a border with Albania through the disputed territory of Kosovo. The capital of Serbia, Belgrade, is one of the largest cities in Southeast Europe. As of a 2011 census, Serbia (excluding Kosovo) had a total population of 7.2 million.
Following the Slavic migrations to the Balkans from the 6th century onwards, Serbs established several states in the early Middle Ages. The Serbian Kingdom obtained recognition by Rome and Constantinople in 1217; it reached its peak in 1346 as a relatively short-lived Serbian Empire. By the mid-16th century, the entire territory of modern-day Serbia was annexed by the Ottoman Empire, at times interrupted by the Habsburgs. In the early 19th century, theSerbian Revolution established the nation-state as the region's first constitutional monarchy, which subsequentlyexpanded its territory.[9] Following disastrous casualties in World War I, and subsequent unification of Habsburg crownland of Vojvodina with Serbia, the country co-founded Yugoslavia with other South Slavic peoples, which would exist in various formations until the Yugoslav Wars of the 1990s, which had devastating effects for the region. As a result, Serbia formed a union with Montenegro in 1992, which broke apart in 2006, when Serbia again became an independent country. In 2008 the parliament of Kosovo, Serbia's southern province with an Albanian ethnic majority, declared independence, with mixed responses from the international community. |
_______|_____________________________|____________________________|_______
/ Po-mer-granites / Dukes of Bukki / of / Iberia /
During the period of the Merovingian dynasty in Gaul, Provence was a province ruled by duces (dukes), military leaders and district commanders who served as defenders of the frontiers of the kingdom and ruled over vast territories as opposed to the comites (counts), who ruled the cities and their environs. Provence was usually a part of the division of the Frankish realm known as Kingdom of Burgundy, which was treated as its own kingdom. Their title sometimes appears as rector Provinciae.
___________________
/ Merarian / of / Berri /
The House of Baux is a French noble family from the south of France. It was one of the richest and most powerful families of Medieval Provence, known as the 'Race d’Aiglon'. They were independent Lords as castellan of Les Baux and Arles and wielded very considerable authority at local level. They held important fiefs and vast lands (Vienne, vicomte de Marseilles, Berry, Bruges, Montpellier, the principality of Orange).[1]
_____________________________
The Principality of Orange (in French la Principauté d'Orange) was from 1163 to 1713 a feudal state in Provence, in the south of modern-day France, on the left bank of the River Rhone north of the city of Avignon.
It was constituted in 1163, when Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I elevated the Burgundian County of Orange(consisting of the city of Orange and the land surrounding it) to a sovereign principality within the Empire. The principality became part of the scattered holdings of the house of Orange-Nassau from the time that William I "the Silent" inherited the title of Prince of Orange from his cousin in 1544, until it was finally ceded to France in 1713 under the Treaty of Utrecht. Although permanently lost to the Nassaus then, this fief gave its name to the extant Royal House of the Netherlands.
The area of the principality was approximately 12 miles long by 9 miles wide, or 108 sq. miles.[1]
____________________________
Prince of Orange is a title originally associated with the sovereign Principality of Orange, in what is now southern France. Under the Treaty of Utrecht of 1713, Frederick William I of Prussia ceded the Principality of Orange to King Louis XIV of France (while retaining the title as part of his dynastic titulature). After William III of England died without children, a dispute arose between Johan Willem Friso and Frederick I of Prussia, which was settled in the Treaty of Partition (1732);[3]consequently, Friso's son, William IV had to share use of the title "Prince of Orange"
(which had accumulated prestige in the Netherlands and throughout the Protestant world) with Frederick William I of Prussia.[4]
The title is traditionally borne by the heir apparent of the Dutch monarch.
The title descends via absolute primogeniture since 1983, meaning that its holder can be either Prince or Princess of Orange.
The Dutch royal dynasty, the House of Orange-Nassau, is not the only family to claim the title.
Rival claims to the title have been made by German emperors and kings of the House of Hohenzollern and by the head of the French noble family of Mailly. The current users of the title are Catharina-Amalia, Princess of Orange suo jure (Orange-Nassau), Georg Friedrich, Prince of Prussia (Hohenzollern),
and Guy, Marquis de Mailly-Nesle (Mailly).
________________
/ Ostrich /
The Amali, also called Amals or Amalings, were a leading dynasty of the Goths, a Germanic people who confronted the Roman Empire in its declining years in the west. They eventually became the royal house of the Ostrogoths and founded the Ostrogothic Kingdom of Italy.
________________
/ Scythia / Pine Tree /
Peuce in ancient geography was an island located in the Danube Delta, in Scythia Minor (present-day Tulcea County, Romania).
Its name came from the ancientGreek word peuke, 'pine tree'. It was about the size of the island of Rhodes.
___________________________
/ Roman / Romanian and Bulg-arian /
Scythia Minor or Lesser Scythia (Greek: Μικρά Σκυθία, Mikrá Skythia) was in ancient times the region surrounded by the Danube at the north and west and the Black Sea at the east, roughly corresponding to today's Dobruja, with a part in Romania, a part in Bulgaria.
________________________
/ Sal-ic /
Salic law (/ˈsælɨk/ or /ˈseɪlɨk/; Latin: Lex Salica), or Salian Law, was the ancient Salian Frankish civil law codefirst comprised around 500 AD by the semi-legendary first Frankish King, Clovis. It would remain the basis of Frankish law all throughout the early Medieval period and influenced future European legal systems. The law was maintained through legislations, similar to modern constitutions, governing all Frankish subjects of theFrankish Kingdom during the Old Period. The laws were written down many times, both in Latin and in what may have been the oldest known official usage of Old Dutch. They were arbitrated by a committee empowered by the ultimately supreme ruling King of the Franks. Dozens of manuscripts dating from the 6th to 8th centuries and three emendations as late as the 9th century have survived.[1]
Salic law provided written codification of both civil law, such as the statutes governing inheritance, and criminal law, such as the punishment for murder. It has had a formative influence on the tradition of statute law that has extended to modern times in Central Europe, especially in the German states, France, Belgium, the Netherlands, parts of Italy, Austria and Hungary, Romania, and the Balkans.
________________________________
Patrilineality, also known as the male line or agnatic kinship, is a common kinship system in which an individual's family membership derives from and is traced through his or her father's lineage.[1] It generally involves the inheritanceof property, rights, names, or titles by persons related through male kin.
A patriline ("father line") is a person's father, and additional ancestors, as traced only through males. One's patriline is thus a record of descent from a man in which the individuals in all intervening generations are male. In cultural anthropology, a patrilineage is a consanguineal male and female kinship group, each of whose members is descended from the common ancestor through male forebears.
In most cultures, this means that a person's family name and a man's genetic Y-DNA have been passed along this line from father to son. In a patrilineal/agnatic descent system, an individual is considered to belong to the same descent group as his or her father, from which the members' family name is commonly derived.
An agnate is a person's genetic relative, male or female, with whom kinship is reckoned exclusively through shared male ancestors.[2] (whereas a person to whom one is related through females, or through both males and females, is a "cognate").
Agnatic seniority is a patrilineal principle of inheritance where the order of succession to the throne prefers the monarch's younger brother over the monarch's own sons. A monarch's children (the next generation) succeed only after the males of the elder generation have all been exhausted.
Agnatic seniority essentially excludes females of the dynasty and their descendants from the succession. Contrast agnatic primogeniture, where the king's sons stand higher in succession than his brothers.
_______________
/ Ottoman /
In hereditary monarchies, particularly in more ancient times, seniority was a much-used principle of order of succession.
The Ottoman Empire evolved from an elective succession (following the principle of agnatic seniority)
to a succession inherited by the law of Agnatic seniority.[1]
______________________________
|
/ Po-mer-granites / Dukes of Bukki / of / Iberia /
During the period of the Merovingian dynasty in Gaul, Provence was a province ruled by duces (dukes), military leaders and district commanders who served as defenders of the frontiers of the kingdom and ruled over vast territories as opposed to the comites (counts), who ruled the cities and their environs. Provence was usually a part of the division of the Frankish realm known as Kingdom of Burgundy, which was treated as its own kingdom. Their title sometimes appears as rector Provinciae.
___________________
/ Merarian / of / Berri /
The House of Baux is a French noble family from the south of France. It was one of the richest and most powerful families of Medieval Provence, known as the 'Race d’Aiglon'. They were independent Lords as castellan of Les Baux and Arles and wielded very considerable authority at local level. They held important fiefs and vast lands (Vienne, vicomte de Marseilles, Berry, Bruges, Montpellier, the principality of Orange).[1]
_____________________________
The Principality of Orange (in French la Principauté d'Orange) was from 1163 to 1713 a feudal state in Provence, in the south of modern-day France, on the left bank of the River Rhone north of the city of Avignon.
It was constituted in 1163, when Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I elevated the Burgundian County of Orange(consisting of the city of Orange and the land surrounding it) to a sovereign principality within the Empire. The principality became part of the scattered holdings of the house of Orange-Nassau from the time that William I "the Silent" inherited the title of Prince of Orange from his cousin in 1544, until it was finally ceded to France in 1713 under the Treaty of Utrecht. Although permanently lost to the Nassaus then, this fief gave its name to the extant Royal House of the Netherlands.
The area of the principality was approximately 12 miles long by 9 miles wide, or 108 sq. miles.[1]
____________________________
Prince of Orange is a title originally associated with the sovereign Principality of Orange, in what is now southern France. Under the Treaty of Utrecht of 1713, Frederick William I of Prussia ceded the Principality of Orange to King Louis XIV of France (while retaining the title as part of his dynastic titulature). After William III of England died without children, a dispute arose between Johan Willem Friso and Frederick I of Prussia, which was settled in the Treaty of Partition (1732);[3]consequently, Friso's son, William IV had to share use of the title "Prince of Orange"
(which had accumulated prestige in the Netherlands and throughout the Protestant world) with Frederick William I of Prussia.[4]
The title is traditionally borne by the heir apparent of the Dutch monarch.
The title descends via absolute primogeniture since 1983, meaning that its holder can be either Prince or Princess of Orange.
The Dutch royal dynasty, the House of Orange-Nassau, is not the only family to claim the title.
Rival claims to the title have been made by German emperors and kings of the House of Hohenzollern and by the head of the French noble family of Mailly. The current users of the title are Catharina-Amalia, Princess of Orange suo jure (Orange-Nassau), Georg Friedrich, Prince of Prussia (Hohenzollern),
and Guy, Marquis de Mailly-Nesle (Mailly).
________________
/ Ostrich /
The Amali, also called Amals or Amalings, were a leading dynasty of the Goths, a Germanic people who confronted the Roman Empire in its declining years in the west. They eventually became the royal house of the Ostrogoths and founded the Ostrogothic Kingdom of Italy.
________________
/ Scythia / Pine Tree /
Peuce in ancient geography was an island located in the Danube Delta, in Scythia Minor (present-day Tulcea County, Romania).
Its name came from the ancientGreek word peuke, 'pine tree'. It was about the size of the island of Rhodes.
___________________________
/ Roman / Romanian and Bulg-arian /
Scythia Minor or Lesser Scythia (Greek: Μικρά Σκυθία, Mikrá Skythia) was in ancient times the region surrounded by the Danube at the north and west and the Black Sea at the east, roughly corresponding to today's Dobruja, with a part in Romania, a part in Bulgaria.
________________________
/ Sal-ic /
Salic law (/ˈsælɨk/ or /ˈseɪlɨk/; Latin: Lex Salica), or Salian Law, was the ancient Salian Frankish civil law codefirst comprised around 500 AD by the semi-legendary first Frankish King, Clovis. It would remain the basis of Frankish law all throughout the early Medieval period and influenced future European legal systems. The law was maintained through legislations, similar to modern constitutions, governing all Frankish subjects of theFrankish Kingdom during the Old Period. The laws were written down many times, both in Latin and in what may have been the oldest known official usage of Old Dutch. They were arbitrated by a committee empowered by the ultimately supreme ruling King of the Franks. Dozens of manuscripts dating from the 6th to 8th centuries and three emendations as late as the 9th century have survived.[1]
Salic law provided written codification of both civil law, such as the statutes governing inheritance, and criminal law, such as the punishment for murder. It has had a formative influence on the tradition of statute law that has extended to modern times in Central Europe, especially in the German states, France, Belgium, the Netherlands, parts of Italy, Austria and Hungary, Romania, and the Balkans.
________________________________
Patrilineality, also known as the male line or agnatic kinship, is a common kinship system in which an individual's family membership derives from and is traced through his or her father's lineage.[1] It generally involves the inheritanceof property, rights, names, or titles by persons related through male kin.
A patriline ("father line") is a person's father, and additional ancestors, as traced only through males. One's patriline is thus a record of descent from a man in which the individuals in all intervening generations are male. In cultural anthropology, a patrilineage is a consanguineal male and female kinship group, each of whose members is descended from the common ancestor through male forebears.
In most cultures, this means that a person's family name and a man's genetic Y-DNA have been passed along this line from father to son. In a patrilineal/agnatic descent system, an individual is considered to belong to the same descent group as his or her father, from which the members' family name is commonly derived.
An agnate is a person's genetic relative, male or female, with whom kinship is reckoned exclusively through shared male ancestors.[2] (whereas a person to whom one is related through females, or through both males and females, is a "cognate").
Agnatic seniority is a patrilineal principle of inheritance where the order of succession to the throne prefers the monarch's younger brother over the monarch's own sons. A monarch's children (the next generation) succeed only after the males of the elder generation have all been exhausted.
Agnatic seniority essentially excludes females of the dynasty and their descendants from the succession. Contrast agnatic primogeniture, where the king's sons stand higher in succession than his brothers.
_______________
/ Ottoman /
In hereditary monarchies, particularly in more ancient times, seniority was a much-used principle of order of succession.
The Ottoman Empire evolved from an elective succession (following the principle of agnatic seniority)
to a succession inherited by the law of Agnatic seniority.[1]
______________________________
|
____________________
/ Aryan / Y Eye I / Ar-ri-an /
|
/ Lyre / Y Eye I / L-ir-e /
of
/ Tiras / of / Y Eye I / of Tyre /
|
/ Bela sons of Beor son of Janeas son of Balaam son's of Beor son of Laban /
|
/ Tirhakah "King of Cush" /
of
/ Jeroham, son of Eliel / is / Jeroham of Ge-dor /
of
/ Eliel the Mahavite /
of
/ For Dan, Azarel the son of Jeroham. These were the leaders of the tribes of Israel /
|
/ Hazar / of / Hazor /
The Alans, or the Alani, occasionally termed Alauni or Halani were an Iranian nomadic pastoral people of antiquity.[1][2][3][4][5]
_______________
/ Parthian /
The name Alan is an Iranian dialectical form of Aryan, a common self-designation of the Indo-Iranians.[2] Possibly related to the Massagetae, the Alans have been connected by modern historians with the Central Asian Yancai and Aorsi of Chinese and Roman sources respectively.[6] Having migrated westwards and become dominant among the Sarmatians on the Pontic Steppe, they are mentioned by Persian and Roman sources in the 1st century AD.[1] At the time they had settled the region north of the Black Sea, and frequently raided the Parthian Empire and the Caucasian provinces of the Roman Empire.[1] In 215-250 AD their power on the Pontic Steppe was broken by the Goths.[4]
Upon the Hunnic defeat of the Goths on the Pontic Steppe around 375 AD, many of the Alans migrated westwards along with other Germanic tribes. They crossed the Rhine in 406 AD along with the Vandals and Suebi, settling in Orléans and Valence. Around 409 AD they joined the Vandals and Suebi in the crossing of the Pyrenees into the Iberian Peninsula, settling in Lusitania and Carthaginiensis.[7] The Iberian Alans were soundly defeated by the Visigoths 418 AD, and subsequently surrendered their authority to the Hasdingi Vandals.[8] In 428 AD, the Vandals and Alans crossed the Strait of Gibraltarinto North Africa, where they founded a powerful kingdom which lasted until its conquest by the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I in the 6th century AD.
The Alans who remained under Hunnic rule founded a powerful kingdom in the North Caucasus in the Middle Ages, which ended with the Mongol invasions in the 13th century AD. These Alans are said to be the ancestors of the modern Ossetians.[1]
The Alans spoke an Eastern Iranian language which derived from Scytho-Sarmatian and which in turn evolved into modern Ossetian.[2][9][10]
This, combined with the effects of the Georgian-Ossetian conflict, led to the popularization of "Alania", the name of the medieval Sarmatian confederation, to which the Ossetians traced their origin, and inclusion of this name into the official republican title of North Ossetia in 1994.[13]
_______________________________________
|
/ Aryan / Y Eye I / Ar-ri-an /
|
/ Lyre / Y Eye I / L-ir-e /
of
/ Tiras / of / Y Eye I / of Tyre /
|
/ Bela sons of Beor son of Janeas son of Balaam son's of Beor son of Laban /
|
/ Tirhakah "King of Cush" /
of
/ Jeroham, son of Eliel / is / Jeroham of Ge-dor /
of
/ Eliel the Mahavite /
of
/ For Dan, Azarel the son of Jeroham. These were the leaders of the tribes of Israel /
|
/ Hazar / of / Hazor /
The Alans, or the Alani, occasionally termed Alauni or Halani were an Iranian nomadic pastoral people of antiquity.[1][2][3][4][5]
_______________
/ Parthian /
The name Alan is an Iranian dialectical form of Aryan, a common self-designation of the Indo-Iranians.[2] Possibly related to the Massagetae, the Alans have been connected by modern historians with the Central Asian Yancai and Aorsi of Chinese and Roman sources respectively.[6] Having migrated westwards and become dominant among the Sarmatians on the Pontic Steppe, they are mentioned by Persian and Roman sources in the 1st century AD.[1] At the time they had settled the region north of the Black Sea, and frequently raided the Parthian Empire and the Caucasian provinces of the Roman Empire.[1] In 215-250 AD their power on the Pontic Steppe was broken by the Goths.[4]
Upon the Hunnic defeat of the Goths on the Pontic Steppe around 375 AD, many of the Alans migrated westwards along with other Germanic tribes. They crossed the Rhine in 406 AD along with the Vandals and Suebi, settling in Orléans and Valence. Around 409 AD they joined the Vandals and Suebi in the crossing of the Pyrenees into the Iberian Peninsula, settling in Lusitania and Carthaginiensis.[7] The Iberian Alans were soundly defeated by the Visigoths 418 AD, and subsequently surrendered their authority to the Hasdingi Vandals.[8] In 428 AD, the Vandals and Alans crossed the Strait of Gibraltarinto North Africa, where they founded a powerful kingdom which lasted until its conquest by the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I in the 6th century AD.
The Alans who remained under Hunnic rule founded a powerful kingdom in the North Caucasus in the Middle Ages, which ended with the Mongol invasions in the 13th century AD. These Alans are said to be the ancestors of the modern Ossetians.[1]
The Alans spoke an Eastern Iranian language which derived from Scytho-Sarmatian and which in turn evolved into modern Ossetian.[2][9][10]
This, combined with the effects of the Georgian-Ossetian conflict, led to the popularization of "Alania", the name of the medieval Sarmatian confederation, to which the Ossetians traced their origin, and inclusion of this name into the official republican title of North Ossetia in 1994.[13]
_______________________________________
|
/ Rosh / Rushash / of Tiras / of / Bela /
______________________________________________________________
| | |
______________________________________________________________
| | |
__________________________________|__________________________________
/ Burke / of Berkshire /
/ Bar-on / Ber-kshire / De-Bir / Bor-ashan / Bur-nt Offering / Buried under an Oak /
a Bur is a Thorn / Thistle /
A shire is a traditional term for a division of land, found in the United Kingdom and Australia.
The word derives from the Old English scir, itself a derivative of the Proto-Germanic skizo (cf. Old High German scira), meaning care or official charge.[1]
(Scotland uses the thistle )
of
/ Bukki /
____________________________________________________________
/ Burke / of Berkshire /
/ Bar-on / Ber-kshire / De-Bir / Bor-ashan / Bur-nt Offering / Buried under an Oak /
a Bur is a Thorn / Thistle /
A shire is a traditional term for a division of land, found in the United Kingdom and Australia.
The word derives from the Old English scir, itself a derivative of the Proto-Germanic skizo (cf. Old High German scira), meaning care or official charge.[1]
(Scotland uses the thistle )
of
/ Bukki /
____________________________________________________________
- House of Burke, an Hiberno-Norman dynasty
- De Burgh
- Berg (disambiguation)
- Berkley (disambiguation)
- Bourke (disambiguation)
- Burgh, an autonomous corporate entity in Scotland
- Burgos, a city of northern Spain
- Burk (disambiguation)
| | |
_______|___________________________|___________________________|______
/ Han-nah / Pered / Ham-ster / Penin-nah /
|
/ Nebayoth /
|
/ A-nah /
/ Han-nah / Pered / Ham-ster / Penin-nah /
|
/ Nebayoth /
|
/ A-nah /
_____________________________________________________________
/ Royal /
____________________________________________________________
| |
/ Royal /
____________________________________________________________
| |
/ Hebronites /
|
________|_________________________________________|________
/ Ards /
Borough council[edit]
The borough is governed by Ards Borough Council (Ulster-Scots: Burgh Cooncil o' the Airds, Newton an' Blathewick). The borough is divided into four district electoral areas: Newtownards, Ards West, Ards East and Ards Peninsula, from which 23 members are elected. As of February 2011 the following parties are represented on the council: 11 Democratic Unionist Party (DUP), 6 Ulster Unionist Party (UUP), 4 Alliance Party, and 1 Social Democratic and Labour Party (SDLP), and there are one Independent councillors.[1] The next election was due to take place in May 2009, but on April 25, 2008,Shaun Woodward, Secretary of State for Northern Ireland announced that the scheduled 2009 district council elections were to be postponed until the introduction of the eleven new councils in 2011.[2] The proposed reforms were abandoned in 2010, and district council elections took place in 2011[3]
/ Ards /
Borough council[edit]
The borough is governed by Ards Borough Council (Ulster-Scots: Burgh Cooncil o' the Airds, Newton an' Blathewick). The borough is divided into four district electoral areas: Newtownards, Ards West, Ards East and Ards Peninsula, from which 23 members are elected. As of February 2011 the following parties are represented on the council: 11 Democratic Unionist Party (DUP), 6 Ulster Unionist Party (UUP), 4 Alliance Party, and 1 Social Democratic and Labour Party (SDLP), and there are one Independent councillors.[1] The next election was due to take place in May 2009, but on April 25, 2008,Shaun Woodward, Secretary of State for Northern Ireland announced that the scheduled 2009 district council elections were to be postponed until the introduction of the eleven new councils in 2011.[2] The proposed reforms were abandoned in 2010, and district council elections took place in 2011[3]
_______________
/ Valley /
The Glens of Antrim,[1] known locally as simply The Glens, is a region of County Antrim, Northern Ireland. It comprises nine glens (valleys), that radiate from the Antrim Plateau to the coast. The Glens are an area of outstanding natural beauty and are a major tourist attraction in north Antrim. The main towns and villages in the Glens are Ballycastle, Cushendun,Cushendall, Waterfoot, Carnlough and Glenarm. The inhabitants of the glens are descended mainly from native Irish, Ulster Scots and Hebridean Scots.[citation needed]. The Glens are mentioned in the song "Ireland's Call".
The Lordship of the Glens, from the mid-13th century, first belonged to the Scoto-Irish Norman Bissett family. In the mid-16th century it came into the ownership of the MacDonnells of Antrim.
________________________________________
The name Protestant Action Force (PAF) was used by loyalists, especially members of the Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF),
to claim responsibility for a number of paramilitary attacks during the Troubles.[1]
It was first used in this context in 1974, and has since been used to claim the killings of at least 41 Catholic civilians.[2]
It has been suggested that PAF was a covername used by a semi-independent group (or groups) within the UVF who were carrying out attacks on their own initiative or without the sanction of the UVF leadership.
Almost all of the attacks claimed by the PAF took place in North Belfast / Newtown abbey and
the area of County Armagh /Tyrone known as the "murder triangle".
The name was first used during 1974–1976. All of the attacks in Armagh/Tyrone during this period have been linked to the Glenanne gang.
This was a group comprising members of the Mid Ulster UVF, British soldiers from the Ulster Defence Regiment (UDR),
and police officers from the Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC).
The name was revived in 1982. In the 1980s, the PAF claimed about 15 attacks in the Belfast area and two in Armagh.
UDR soldiers were convicted of the two Armagh attacks.
The PAF claimed its last attacks in the early 1990s. All were in north Armagh and there have been allegations of security force involvement in them.
__________________
|
/ Valley /
The Glens of Antrim,[1] known locally as simply The Glens, is a region of County Antrim, Northern Ireland. It comprises nine glens (valleys), that radiate from the Antrim Plateau to the coast. The Glens are an area of outstanding natural beauty and are a major tourist attraction in north Antrim. The main towns and villages in the Glens are Ballycastle, Cushendun,Cushendall, Waterfoot, Carnlough and Glenarm. The inhabitants of the glens are descended mainly from native Irish, Ulster Scots and Hebridean Scots.[citation needed]. The Glens are mentioned in the song "Ireland's Call".
The Lordship of the Glens, from the mid-13th century, first belonged to the Scoto-Irish Norman Bissett family. In the mid-16th century it came into the ownership of the MacDonnells of Antrim.
________________________________________
The name Protestant Action Force (PAF) was used by loyalists, especially members of the Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF),
to claim responsibility for a number of paramilitary attacks during the Troubles.[1]
It was first used in this context in 1974, and has since been used to claim the killings of at least 41 Catholic civilians.[2]
It has been suggested that PAF was a covername used by a semi-independent group (or groups) within the UVF who were carrying out attacks on their own initiative or without the sanction of the UVF leadership.
Almost all of the attacks claimed by the PAF took place in North Belfast / Newtown abbey and
the area of County Armagh /Tyrone known as the "murder triangle".
The name was first used during 1974–1976. All of the attacks in Armagh/Tyrone during this period have been linked to the Glenanne gang.
This was a group comprising members of the Mid Ulster UVF, British soldiers from the Ulster Defence Regiment (UDR),
and police officers from the Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC).
The name was revived in 1982. In the 1980s, the PAF claimed about 15 attacks in the Belfast area and two in Armagh.
UDR soldiers were convicted of the two Armagh attacks.
The PAF claimed its last attacks in the early 1990s. All were in north Armagh and there have been allegations of security force involvement in them.
__________________
|
_____________|_____________
/ Britannia / Green / Council / Kenite /
/ Pered / Ham-ster /
The Ulster Defence Regiment (UDR) was an infantry regiment of the British Army which began duties in 1970. Raised through public appeal, newspaper and television advertisements,[1] their official role was the "defence of life or property in Northern Ireland against armed attack or sabotage" but unlike troops from Great Britain they were never used for "crowd control or riot duties in cities".[2][2][3][4] It was the largest infantry regiment in the British Army, formed with seven battalions plus another four added within two years.[5]
It consisted mostly of part-time volunteers until 1976, when a full-time cadre was added.[6]
Recruiting in Northern Ireland at a time of intercommunal strife, some of its (mostly Ulster Protestant) members were involved in sectarianism.
The regiment was originally intended to more accurately reflect the demographics of Northern Ireland,
and began with Catholic recruits accounting for 18% of its soldiers; for various reasons,
by the end of 1972 this had dropped to around 3%.[11]
1992, the UDR was amalgamated with the Royal Irish Rangers to form the Royal Irish Regiment. In 2006, the regiment was retroactively awarded the Conspicuous Gallantry Cross, which entitled it to be known as The Ulster Defence Regiment CGC.[13]
The UDR was raised in 1970, during the period of the Northern Ireland "Troubles". Before then, the existing police forces were the Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) and the Ulster Special Constabulary (USC or "B Specials"). The USC was mistrusted by Catholics, especially since it was almost entirely Protestant in composition.[14]
Large scale intercommunal rioting in 1969 raised concerns over policing in Northern Ireland and the British Army was deployed to assist the police.[15] On 28 August 1969 security in Northern Ireland, including the USC, was put under the direct control of the General Officer Commanding in Northern Ireland, General Ian Freeland.[16]
The USC, which had no training in riot control, was mobilised to assist the RUC in dealing with disorder. A catalogue of incidents ensued such as specials opening fire and causing the death of a rioter in Tynan on 14 August 1969. Whilst the Northern Ireland cabinet remained supportive of the USC, it was put to them at a London meeting on 19 August that disbanding the USC was top of the British Government's agenda.[17]
/ Britannia / Green / Council / Kenite /
/ Pered / Ham-ster /
The Ulster Defence Regiment (UDR) was an infantry regiment of the British Army which began duties in 1970. Raised through public appeal, newspaper and television advertisements,[1] their official role was the "defence of life or property in Northern Ireland against armed attack or sabotage" but unlike troops from Great Britain they were never used for "crowd control or riot duties in cities".[2][2][3][4] It was the largest infantry regiment in the British Army, formed with seven battalions plus another four added within two years.[5]
It consisted mostly of part-time volunteers until 1976, when a full-time cadre was added.[6]
Recruiting in Northern Ireland at a time of intercommunal strife, some of its (mostly Ulster Protestant) members were involved in sectarianism.
The regiment was originally intended to more accurately reflect the demographics of Northern Ireland,
and began with Catholic recruits accounting for 18% of its soldiers; for various reasons,
by the end of 1972 this had dropped to around 3%.[11]
1992, the UDR was amalgamated with the Royal Irish Rangers to form the Royal Irish Regiment. In 2006, the regiment was retroactively awarded the Conspicuous Gallantry Cross, which entitled it to be known as The Ulster Defence Regiment CGC.[13]
The UDR was raised in 1970, during the period of the Northern Ireland "Troubles". Before then, the existing police forces were the Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) and the Ulster Special Constabulary (USC or "B Specials"). The USC was mistrusted by Catholics, especially since it was almost entirely Protestant in composition.[14]
Large scale intercommunal rioting in 1969 raised concerns over policing in Northern Ireland and the British Army was deployed to assist the police.[15] On 28 August 1969 security in Northern Ireland, including the USC, was put under the direct control of the General Officer Commanding in Northern Ireland, General Ian Freeland.[16]
The USC, which had no training in riot control, was mobilised to assist the RUC in dealing with disorder. A catalogue of incidents ensued such as specials opening fire and causing the death of a rioter in Tynan on 14 August 1969. Whilst the Northern Ireland cabinet remained supportive of the USC, it was put to them at a London meeting on 19 August that disbanding the USC was top of the British Government's agenda.[17]
Quis separabit?
Quis separabit? (Latin: Who will separate [us]?) is a motto associated with Ireland and Northern Ireland. For example it is used in the British Army by the Royal Dragoon Guards,[1] the Royal Ulster Rifles, the London Irish Rifles, the Irish Guards,[2] and the North Irish Horse, and it is also the motto of the Most Illustrious Order of Saint Patrick. The phrase also appears on the Seal of South Carolina.
It was the motto of the 4th/7th Royal Dragoon Guards,[3] a cavalry regiment of the British Army from 1922 to 1992. It was the motto of the Connaught Rangers, an Irish regiment of the British Army, from its amalgamation in 1881 until it was disbanded in 1922. Prior to this, it was the motto of the precursor regiment of the Rangers, the 88th Regiment of Foot (Connaught Rangers) which was founded in 1793. It was also the motto of the Royal Ulster Rifles and the Ulster Defence Regiment.
It was the motto of the former Government of Northern Ireland and appeared on the province's defunct coat of arms. It is also the motto of the Ulster Defence Association, a proscribed loyalist paramilitary in Northern Ireland.[4] The source is the Vulgate translation of Romans, 8:35: "Quis nos separabit a caritate Christi...", translated as "Who shall separate us from the love of Christ?".
___________________________________________________________________
| | |
Quis separabit? (Latin: Who will separate [us]?) is a motto associated with Ireland and Northern Ireland. For example it is used in the British Army by the Royal Dragoon Guards,[1] the Royal Ulster Rifles, the London Irish Rifles, the Irish Guards,[2] and the North Irish Horse, and it is also the motto of the Most Illustrious Order of Saint Patrick. The phrase also appears on the Seal of South Carolina.
It was the motto of the 4th/7th Royal Dragoon Guards,[3] a cavalry regiment of the British Army from 1922 to 1992. It was the motto of the Connaught Rangers, an Irish regiment of the British Army, from its amalgamation in 1881 until it was disbanded in 1922. Prior to this, it was the motto of the precursor regiment of the Rangers, the 88th Regiment of Foot (Connaught Rangers) which was founded in 1793. It was also the motto of the Royal Ulster Rifles and the Ulster Defence Regiment.
It was the motto of the former Government of Northern Ireland and appeared on the province's defunct coat of arms. It is also the motto of the Ulster Defence Association, a proscribed loyalist paramilitary in Northern Ireland.[4] The source is the Vulgate translation of Romans, 8:35: "Quis nos separabit a caritate Christi...", translated as "Who shall separate us from the love of Christ?".
___________________________________________________________________
| | |
The Democratic Unionist Party (DUP) is the larger of the two main unionist political parties in Northern Ireland. Founded by Ian Paisley and now led by Peter Robinson, it is the largest party in the Northern Ireland Assembly and the joint fourth-largest party in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom.
The DUP has historically strong links to Protestant churches, particularly the Free Presbyterian Church of Ulster, the church Paisley founded. However, this influence has reduced under the Robinson leadership in an attempt to reach out to non-Protestants, particularly socially conservative Catholics.[6][7]
Following on from the St Andrews Agreement in October 2006, the DUP agreed with the Irish republican party Sinn Féin to enter into power-sharing devolved government in Northern Ireland. In the aftermath of the agreement there were reports of divisions within the DUP. Many of its leading members, including Members of Parliament (MPs) Nigel Dodds, David Simpson and Gregory Campbell, were claimed to be in opposition to Paisley. All the party's MPs fully signed up to the manifesto for the 2007 Assembly elections, supporting power-sharing in principle. An overwhelming majority of the party executive voted in favour of restoring devolution in a meeting in March 2007;[8] however, the DUP's sole Member of the European Parliament (MEP), Jim Allister,[9] and seven DUP councillors[10] later resigned from the party in opposition to its plans to share power with Sinn Féin. They founded the Traditional Unionist Voice in December 2007.[11]
The DUP is the largest party in Northern Ireland, holding eight seats at Westminster and 38 seats in the Northern Ireland Assembly.
It has one seat in the European Parliament, where its MEP, Diane Dodds, sits as a Non-Inscrit.
All but 27 MEPs are members of cross-nationality political groups, organised according to political allegiance. For instance, the Irish Labour and French Socialist MEPs are members of the Socialists & Democrats while the Swedish Moderate and German CDU
MEPs are members of the European People's Party.
The Christian Democratic Union of Germany (German: Christlich Demokratische Union Deutschlands, CDU; German pronunciation: [ˈkʁɪstlɪç ˌdemoˈkʁaːtɪʃə uˈni̯oːn ˈdɔʏtʃlants]) is a Christian democratic[2][4][5] and liberal-conservative[2]political party in Germany. It is the major catch-all party of the centre-right in German politics.[6][7] Along with its Bavariansister party the Christian Social Union in Bavaria (CSU), the CDU forms the CDU/CSU grouping, also known as the Union, in the Bundestag.
The leader of the party, Angela Merkel, is the current Chancellor of Germany. The CDU is a member of the European People's Party (EPP) and sits in the EPP Group in the European Parliament. Internationally, the CDU is a member of the Centrist Democrat International and the International Democrat Union. The CDU is the second-largest political party in Germany by total membership.
________________________________________________________________________
| |
The DUP has historically strong links to Protestant churches, particularly the Free Presbyterian Church of Ulster, the church Paisley founded. However, this influence has reduced under the Robinson leadership in an attempt to reach out to non-Protestants, particularly socially conservative Catholics.[6][7]
Following on from the St Andrews Agreement in October 2006, the DUP agreed with the Irish republican party Sinn Féin to enter into power-sharing devolved government in Northern Ireland. In the aftermath of the agreement there were reports of divisions within the DUP. Many of its leading members, including Members of Parliament (MPs) Nigel Dodds, David Simpson and Gregory Campbell, were claimed to be in opposition to Paisley. All the party's MPs fully signed up to the manifesto for the 2007 Assembly elections, supporting power-sharing in principle. An overwhelming majority of the party executive voted in favour of restoring devolution in a meeting in March 2007;[8] however, the DUP's sole Member of the European Parliament (MEP), Jim Allister,[9] and seven DUP councillors[10] later resigned from the party in opposition to its plans to share power with Sinn Féin. They founded the Traditional Unionist Voice in December 2007.[11]
The DUP is the largest party in Northern Ireland, holding eight seats at Westminster and 38 seats in the Northern Ireland Assembly.
It has one seat in the European Parliament, where its MEP, Diane Dodds, sits as a Non-Inscrit.
All but 27 MEPs are members of cross-nationality political groups, organised according to political allegiance. For instance, the Irish Labour and French Socialist MEPs are members of the Socialists & Democrats while the Swedish Moderate and German CDU
MEPs are members of the European People's Party.
The Christian Democratic Union of Germany (German: Christlich Demokratische Union Deutschlands, CDU; German pronunciation: [ˈkʁɪstlɪç ˌdemoˈkʁaːtɪʃə uˈni̯oːn ˈdɔʏtʃlants]) is a Christian democratic[2][4][5] and liberal-conservative[2]political party in Germany. It is the major catch-all party of the centre-right in German politics.[6][7] Along with its Bavariansister party the Christian Social Union in Bavaria (CSU), the CDU forms the CDU/CSU grouping, also known as the Union, in the Bundestag.
The leader of the party, Angela Merkel, is the current Chancellor of Germany. The CDU is a member of the European People's Party (EPP) and sits in the EPP Group in the European Parliament. Internationally, the CDU is a member of the Centrist Democrat International and the International Democrat Union. The CDU is the second-largest political party in Germany by total membership.
________________________________________________________________________
| |
__________|_________________________________________|_________
/ Phoenicia /
|
/ S-ic-k-le / of / Dragon in Chains / are / Bee's in Ships / of / Hammer /
|
/ Philistines from Caphtor / and / Syrians from Kir ? /
|
/ Is not Hamath like Arpad ? / That is / Bela /
|
/ Kenites / of / Sharon /
______________________________________________________
/ Phoenicia /
|
/ S-ic-k-le / of / Dragon in Chains / are / Bee's in Ships / of / Hammer /
|
/ Philistines from Caphtor / and / Syrians from Kir ? /
|
/ Is not Hamath like Arpad ? / That is / Bela /
|
/ Kenites / of / Sharon /
______________________________________________________
_____________
/ Ostr-ich /
|
/ Bar-on / Authur Chichchester /
|
/ Am-ster-dam /---/ Ul-ster /---/ Lien-ster /
|
/ Mun-ster /
|
/ Pered / Ham-ster /
|
/ Pi- / -Ics /
_______________
/ Bede's of Bedad / of / Ado-m-nan / Ananiah /
of
/ Adoniram / Adoraim / Adoram / Hadoram /
|
/ Abram and Adoni-Zedek / Adoni-Bezek / Adoni-Zedek /
|
/ Ad-on-i-kim /
of
/ Adonikam-666 /
of
/ Ben-jamin /
The Picts were a tribal confederation of peoples who lived in what is today eastern and northern Scotland during the Late Iron Age and Early Medieval periods.[1] They are thought to have been ethnolinguistically Celtic. Where they lived and what their culture was like can be inferred from the geographical distribution of brochs, Brittonic place name elements, and Pictish stones. Picts are attested to in written records from before the Roman conquest of Britain to the 10th century, when they are thought to have merged with the Gaels. They lived to the north of the rivers Forth and Clyde, and spoke the now-extinctPictish language, which is thought to have been related to the Brittonic language spoken by the Britons who lived to the south of them.[2]
Picts are assumed to have been the descendants of the Caledonii and other tribes that were mentioned by Roman historians or on the world map of Ptolemy. Pictland, also called Pictavia by some sources, gradually merged with the Gaelic kingdom of Dál Riata to form the Kingdom of Alba (Scotland).
Alba then expanded, absorbing the Brittonic kingdom of Strathclyde and Bernician Lothian, and by the 11th century the Pictish identity had been subsumed into the "Scots" amalgamation of peoples.
Pictish society was typical of many Iron Age societies in northern Europe, having "wide connections and parallels" with neighbouring groups.[3] Archaeology gives some impression of the society of the Picts. While very little in the way of Pictish writing has survived, Pictish history since the late 6th century is known from a variety of sources, including Bede's Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum, saints' lives such as that of Columba by Adomnán,
and various Irish annals.
____________________________________
Of
/ Ostr-ich /
|
/ Bar-on / Authur Chichchester /
|
/ Am-ster-dam /---/ Ul-ster /---/ Lien-ster /
|
/ Mun-ster /
|
/ Pered / Ham-ster /
|
/ Pi- / -Ics /
_______________
/ Bede's of Bedad / of / Ado-m-nan / Ananiah /
of
/ Adoniram / Adoraim / Adoram / Hadoram /
|
/ Abram and Adoni-Zedek / Adoni-Bezek / Adoni-Zedek /
|
/ Ad-on-i-kim /
of
/ Adonikam-666 /
of
/ Ben-jamin /
The Picts were a tribal confederation of peoples who lived in what is today eastern and northern Scotland during the Late Iron Age and Early Medieval periods.[1] They are thought to have been ethnolinguistically Celtic. Where they lived and what their culture was like can be inferred from the geographical distribution of brochs, Brittonic place name elements, and Pictish stones. Picts are attested to in written records from before the Roman conquest of Britain to the 10th century, when they are thought to have merged with the Gaels. They lived to the north of the rivers Forth and Clyde, and spoke the now-extinctPictish language, which is thought to have been related to the Brittonic language spoken by the Britons who lived to the south of them.[2]
Picts are assumed to have been the descendants of the Caledonii and other tribes that were mentioned by Roman historians or on the world map of Ptolemy. Pictland, also called Pictavia by some sources, gradually merged with the Gaelic kingdom of Dál Riata to form the Kingdom of Alba (Scotland).
Alba then expanded, absorbing the Brittonic kingdom of Strathclyde and Bernician Lothian, and by the 11th century the Pictish identity had been subsumed into the "Scots" amalgamation of peoples.
Pictish society was typical of many Iron Age societies in northern Europe, having "wide connections and parallels" with neighbouring groups.[3] Archaeology gives some impression of the society of the Picts. While very little in the way of Pictish writing has survived, Pictish history since the late 6th century is known from a variety of sources, including Bede's Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum, saints' lives such as that of Columba by Adomnán,
and various Irish annals.
____________________________________
Of
Manchester Orange
"The Protestant Religion and Liberties of England I will Maintain",
William III, Prince of Orange
The Loyal Orange Institution, more commonly known as the Orange Order, is an international Protestant fraternal organisation based primarily in Northern Ireland, although the Order has a significant presence in the Scottish Lowlands and throughout the Commonwealth of Nations, as well as in Togo and the United States.[1][2] It was founded in County Armagh in 1795 – during a period of Protestant-Catholic sectarian conflict – as a Masonic-style brotherhood with the principal aim of upholding the Protestant faith. Its name is a tribute to the Dutch-born Protestant King William of Orange, who defeated the army of Catholic King James II at the Battle of the Boyne (1690). Its members wear Orange sashes and are referred to as Orangemen. The Order is best known for its yearly marches, the biggest of which are held on 12 July ('The Twelfth').
Politically, the Orange Order is a conservative British unionist organisation[3][4] with links to Ulster loyalism.
It campaigned against Scottish independence in 2014.[5]
The Order sees itself as defending Protestant civil and religious liberties, whilst critics have accused the Order of being sectarian, triumphalist[6][7][8][9] and supremacist.[9][10][11][12] It has also been criticised for associating with loyalist paramilitary groups. As a Protestant society, non-Protestants cannot become members unless they agree to adhere to the principles of Orangeism and convert, nor can Protestants married to Catholics.[13][14][15]
Orange marches through mainly Catholic and Irish nationalist neighbourhoods have often led to violence.[16][17]
The land of Provence has a history quite separate from that of any of the larger nations of Europe. Its independent existence has its origins in the frontier nature of the dukedom in Merovingian Gaul. In this position, influenced and affected by several different cultures on different sides, the Provençals maintained a unity which was reinforced when it was created a separate kingdom in the Carolingian decline of the later ninth century. Provence was eventually joined to the other Burgundian kingdom, but it remained ruled by its own powerful, and largely independent, counts.
In the eleventh century, Provence became disputed between the traditional line and the counts of Toulouse, who claimed the title of "Margrave of Provence." In the High Middle Ages, the title of Count of Provence belonged to local families of Frankish origin, to the House of Barcelona, to the House of Anjou and to a cadet branch of the House of Valois. After 1032, the county was part of the Holy Roman Empire. It was inherited by King Louis XI of France in 1481, and definitively incorporated into the French royal domain by his son Charles VIII in 1484.
_________________
Triump-hal-ism / Seventh Trumpet / of / S-hal-lem /
Triumphalism is the attitude or belief that a particular doctrine, religion, culture, or social system is superior to and should triumph over all others. Triumphalism is not an articulated doctrine but rather a term that is used to characterize certain attitudes or belief systems by parties such as political commentators and historians.
____________________________________
Six princes of the Holy Roman Empire and rulers of fourteen Imperial Free Cities, who issued a protest or dissent against the edict of the Diet of Speyer,
were the first to be called Protestants.[24]
The edict reversed concessions made to the Lutherans with the approval of the Holy Roman Emperor three years earlier.
The etymology of the word protestant is derived from Latin, pro ("for") and testari ("witness") and/or protestatio ("declare").[25]
During the Reformation, the term was hardly used outside of the German politics. The word evangelical (German: evangelisch), which refers to the gospel, was much more widely used for those involved in the religious movement.[26] Nowadays, this word is still preferred among some of the historical Protestant denominations, above all the ones in the German-speaking area such as the EKD.
Protestantism as a general term is now used in contradistinction to the other major Christian faiths, i.e. Roman Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy.
Initially, the word Protestant became a general term to mean any adherent to the Reformation movement in Germany and was taken up by Lutherans.
Even though Martin Luther himself insisted on Christian or Evangelical as the only acceptable names for individuals who professed Christ.
French and Swiss Protestants preferred the word reformed (French: réformé), regardless of one's affiliation with the Lutheran
or the Reformed branch of Protestantism.
The term Protestant later acquired a broader sense, referring to a member of any Western church, which subscribed to the main Protestant principles.[24] However, it is often misused to mention any church outside the Roman and the Eastern Orthodox communion.
_______________________________
Franciscans are people and groups (religious orders) who adhere to the teachings and spiritual disciplines of St Francis of Assisi and of his main associates and followers, such as St Clare of Assisi, St Anthony of Padua, and St Elizabeth of Hungary,
among many others.
The term is usually applied to members who also adhere to the Roman Catholic Church.
However, other denominations also have members who describe themselves as Franciscans. They include Old Catholic, Anglican, and Lutheran.
____________________________________________________________
/ Ser- era- Ra- / Sephard-ic / of / P-har-asees / of / Ashkelon / of / Aaniah /
The Franciscan Order is also sometimes referred to as the Seraphic Order.
____________________________________________________________________
| | |
"The Protestant Religion and Liberties of England I will Maintain",
William III, Prince of Orange
The Loyal Orange Institution, more commonly known as the Orange Order, is an international Protestant fraternal organisation based primarily in Northern Ireland, although the Order has a significant presence in the Scottish Lowlands and throughout the Commonwealth of Nations, as well as in Togo and the United States.[1][2] It was founded in County Armagh in 1795 – during a period of Protestant-Catholic sectarian conflict – as a Masonic-style brotherhood with the principal aim of upholding the Protestant faith. Its name is a tribute to the Dutch-born Protestant King William of Orange, who defeated the army of Catholic King James II at the Battle of the Boyne (1690). Its members wear Orange sashes and are referred to as Orangemen. The Order is best known for its yearly marches, the biggest of which are held on 12 July ('The Twelfth').
Politically, the Orange Order is a conservative British unionist organisation[3][4] with links to Ulster loyalism.
It campaigned against Scottish independence in 2014.[5]
The Order sees itself as defending Protestant civil and religious liberties, whilst critics have accused the Order of being sectarian, triumphalist[6][7][8][9] and supremacist.[9][10][11][12] It has also been criticised for associating with loyalist paramilitary groups. As a Protestant society, non-Protestants cannot become members unless they agree to adhere to the principles of Orangeism and convert, nor can Protestants married to Catholics.[13][14][15]
Orange marches through mainly Catholic and Irish nationalist neighbourhoods have often led to violence.[16][17]
The land of Provence has a history quite separate from that of any of the larger nations of Europe. Its independent existence has its origins in the frontier nature of the dukedom in Merovingian Gaul. In this position, influenced and affected by several different cultures on different sides, the Provençals maintained a unity which was reinforced when it was created a separate kingdom in the Carolingian decline of the later ninth century. Provence was eventually joined to the other Burgundian kingdom, but it remained ruled by its own powerful, and largely independent, counts.
In the eleventh century, Provence became disputed between the traditional line and the counts of Toulouse, who claimed the title of "Margrave of Provence." In the High Middle Ages, the title of Count of Provence belonged to local families of Frankish origin, to the House of Barcelona, to the House of Anjou and to a cadet branch of the House of Valois. After 1032, the county was part of the Holy Roman Empire. It was inherited by King Louis XI of France in 1481, and definitively incorporated into the French royal domain by his son Charles VIII in 1484.
_________________
Triump-hal-ism / Seventh Trumpet / of / S-hal-lem /
Triumphalism is the attitude or belief that a particular doctrine, religion, culture, or social system is superior to and should triumph over all others. Triumphalism is not an articulated doctrine but rather a term that is used to characterize certain attitudes or belief systems by parties such as political commentators and historians.
____________________________________
Six princes of the Holy Roman Empire and rulers of fourteen Imperial Free Cities, who issued a protest or dissent against the edict of the Diet of Speyer,
were the first to be called Protestants.[24]
The edict reversed concessions made to the Lutherans with the approval of the Holy Roman Emperor three years earlier.
The etymology of the word protestant is derived from Latin, pro ("for") and testari ("witness") and/or protestatio ("declare").[25]
During the Reformation, the term was hardly used outside of the German politics. The word evangelical (German: evangelisch), which refers to the gospel, was much more widely used for those involved in the religious movement.[26] Nowadays, this word is still preferred among some of the historical Protestant denominations, above all the ones in the German-speaking area such as the EKD.
Protestantism as a general term is now used in contradistinction to the other major Christian faiths, i.e. Roman Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy.
Initially, the word Protestant became a general term to mean any adherent to the Reformation movement in Germany and was taken up by Lutherans.
Even though Martin Luther himself insisted on Christian or Evangelical as the only acceptable names for individuals who professed Christ.
French and Swiss Protestants preferred the word reformed (French: réformé), regardless of one's affiliation with the Lutheran
or the Reformed branch of Protestantism.
The term Protestant later acquired a broader sense, referring to a member of any Western church, which subscribed to the main Protestant principles.[24] However, it is often misused to mention any church outside the Roman and the Eastern Orthodox communion.
_______________________________
Franciscans are people and groups (religious orders) who adhere to the teachings and spiritual disciplines of St Francis of Assisi and of his main associates and followers, such as St Clare of Assisi, St Anthony of Padua, and St Elizabeth of Hungary,
among many others.
The term is usually applied to members who also adhere to the Roman Catholic Church.
However, other denominations also have members who describe themselves as Franciscans. They include Old Catholic, Anglican, and Lutheran.
____________________________________________________________
/ Ser- era- Ra- / Sephard-ic / of / P-har-asees / of / Ashkelon / of / Aaniah /
The Franciscan Order is also sometimes referred to as the Seraphic Order.
____________________________________________________________________
| | |
/ Zel- / -an / ti-/
In Roman Catholicism, the expression zelanti has been applied to conservative members of the clergy and their lay supporters since the thirteenth century. Its specific connotations have shifted with each reapplication of the label. The Latinate term applies to those who show zeal. In its original thirteenth-century application the zelanti were those members of the Franciscan Order who opposed any changes or relaxation to the Rule formulated by St. Francis of Assisi in 1221 and 1223. In consequence of St. Francis's severe requirements concerning the practice of poverty, his followers divided into two branches, the Zelanti, or Spirituals, and the Relaxati, known later as the Conventuals. The origin of the Fraticelli and the cause of their growth within and without the Franciscan Order must be sought in the history of the zelanti or "Spirituals". In the eighteenth century the zelanti were the supporters of the Jesuits in the long controversy that led the suppression of the Jesuits in 1767-73. At the Papal conclave, 1774-1775 the College of Cardinals was generally divided into two blocs: curial, pro-Jesuit zelanti and political, temporizing faction, anti-Jesuit. Among thezelanti were the Italian curial cardinals who opposed secular influences on the Church. The second one included crown-cardinals of the Catholic courts. These two blocs were in no way homogenous. Zelanti were divided into moderate and radical factions. During the papacy of Pius VII the zelanti were more radically reactionary than the politicani and wanted a highly centralised Church and vehement opposition to the secularising reforms that had resulted in France from the Revolution, which liberals were intent on spreading to the Papal States. The politicani, though not liberal, were much more moderate and favoured a conciliatory approach to dealing with the problems new ideologies and the incipient Industrial Revolution were creating in the early nineteenth century. The zelanti and the moderates featured in the Papal conclave, 1823 and the Papal conclave, 1829. _______________________ / Jesuits / Converts / Anti-Semitism[edit] Although in the first 30 years of the existence of the Society of Jesus there were many Jesuit conversos (Catholic-convert Jews),[57] an anti-converso faction led to the Decree de genere (1593), which proclaimed that either Jewish or Muslim ancestry, no matter how distant, was an insurmountable impediment for admission to the Society of Jesus.[58] The 16th-century Decree de genere remained in exclusive force until the 20th century, when it was repealed in 1946.[59] A converso (Spanish: [komˈberso]; Portuguese: [kõˈvɛɾsu]; Catalan: convers [kumˈbɛrs], [komˈvɛɾs]; "a convert", from Latinconversvs, "converted, turned around") and its feminine form conversa was a Jew or Muslim who converted to Catholicism inSpain or Portugal, particularly during the 14th and 15th centuries, or one of their descendents. Mass conversions at that time took place under considerable government pressure including threat of death or great bodily harm. The Treaty of Granada (1491) at the last surrender of Al-Andalus issued clear protections of religious rights; the Alhambra Decree (1492) began the reversal. New Christians of Moorish origin were known as moriscos (Galician and Portuguese: mourisco). The term morisco may also refer to Crypto-Muslims, i.e. those who secretly continued to practice Islam. New Christians of Jewish origin were referred to as marranos. The term marrano may also refer to Crypto-Jews, i.e. those who secretly continued to practice Judaism. |
/ Marari /
The land of Provence has a history quite separate from that of any of the larger nations of Europe. Its independent existence has its origins in the frontier nature of the dukedom in Merovingian Gaul. In this position, influenced and affected by several different cultures on different sides, the Provençals maintained a unity which was reinforced when it was created a separate kingdom in the Carolingian decline of the later ninth century. Provence was eventually joined to the other Burgundian kingdom, but it remained ruled by its own powerful, and largely independent, counts. In the eleventh century, Provence became disputed between the traditional line and the counts of Toulouse, who claimed the title of "Margrave of Provence." In the High Middle Ages, the title of Count of Provence belonged to local families of Frankish origin, to the House of Barcelona, to the House of Anjou and to a cadet branch of the House of Valois. After 1032, the county was part of the Holy Roman Empire. It was inherited by King Louis XI of France in 1481, and definitively incorporated into the French royal domain by his son Charles VIII in 1484. During the period of the Merovingian dynasty in Gaul, Provence was a province ruled by duces (dukes), military leaders and district commanders who served as defenders of the frontiers of the kingdom and ruled over vast territories as opposed to the comites (counts), who ruled the cities and their environs. Provence was usually a part of the division of the Frankish realm known as Kingdom of Burgundy, which was treated as its own kingdom. Their title sometimes appears as rector Provinciae. See also: List of consorts of Provence The Merovingians (/ˌmɛroʊˈvɪndʒɪən/) were a Salian Frankish dynasty that ruled the Franks for nearly 300 years in a region known as Francia in Latin, beginning in the middle of the 5th century AD. Their territory largely corresponded to ancient Gaul as well as the Roman provinces of Raetia, Germania Superior and the southern part of Germania. The Merovingian dynasty was founded by Childeric I (c. 457 AD – 481 AD), the son of Merovech, leader of the Salian Franks, but it was his famous son Clovis I(481 AD – 511 AD) who united all of Gaul under Merovingian rule.
After the death of Clovis there were frequent clashes between different branches of the family, but when threatened by its neighbours the Merovingians presented a strong united front. During the final century of Merovingian rule, the kings were increasingly pushed into a ceremonial role. The Merovingian rule ended in March 752 AD when Pope Zachary formally deposed Childeric III.[1][2]Zachary's successor, Pope Stephen II, confirmed and anointed Pepin the Short in 754, beginning theCarolingian monarchy. The Merovingian ruling family were sometimes referred to as the "long-haired kings" (Latin reges criniti) by contemporaries, as their long hair distinguished them among the Franks, who commonly cut their hair short. The term "Merovingian" comes from medieval Latin Merovingi or Merohingi ("sons of Merovech"), an alteration of an unattested Old Dutch form, akin to their dynasty's Old English name Merewīowing,[3] with the final -ing being a typical patronymic suffix. |
/ Maon /
Fascism (/fæʃɪzəm/) is a form of radical authoritarian nationalism[1][2] that came to prominence in early 20th-century Europe. Influenced by national syndicalism, fascism originated in Italy during World War I, in opposition to liberalism, Marxism, anarchism and traditional conservatism. Fascism is often placed on the far-right within the traditional left–right spectrum, but some academics call that description inadequate.[3][4] Fascists identify World War I as a revolution. It brought revolutionary changes in the nature of war, society, the state, and technology. The advent of total war and total mass mobilization of society had broken down the distinction between civilian and combatant. A "military citizenship" arose in which all citizens were involved with the military in some manner during the war.[5][6] The war had resulted in the rise of a powerful state capable of mobilizing millions of people to serve on the front lines or provide economic production and logistics to support those on the front lines, as well as having unprecedented authority to intervene in the lives of citizens.[5][6] Fascists view World War I as having made liberal democracy obsolete and regard total mobilization of society led by a totalitarian single-party state as necessary for a nation to be prepared for armed conflict and to respond effectively to economic difficulties, such a totalitarian state is led by a strong leader as a dictator and a martial government composed of the members of the governing fascist party to forge national unity and maintain a stable and orderly society.[7] Fascism rejects assertions of violence automatically being negative in nature and views political violence, war, and imperialism as means that can achieve national rejuvenation. [8][9][10][11] Fascists advocate a mixed economy, with the principal goal of achieving autarky to secure national self-sufficiency and independence through protectionist and interventionist economic policies.[12] Following World War II, few parties have openly described themselves as fascist, and the term is usually used pejoratively by political opponents. The terms neo-fascist or post-fascist are sometimes applied more formally to describe parties of the far right with ideological similarities to, or roots in, 20th century fascist movements.[13] The Axis powers (German: Achsenmächte, Japanese: 枢軸国 Sūjikukoku, Italian: Potenze dell'Asse), also known as the Axis, were the nations that fought in the Second World War against the Allied forces. The Axis powers agreed on their opposition to the Allies, but did not coordinate their wars.
The Axis grew out of the diplomatic efforts of Germany, Italy and Japan to secure their own specific expansionist interests in the mid-1930s. The first step was the treaty signed by Germany and Italy in October 1936. Mussolini declared on November 1 that all other European countries would from then on rotate on the Rome-Berlin axis, thus creating the term "Axis".[1][2] The almost simultaneous second step was the signing in November 1936 of the Anti-Comintern Pact, an anti-communist treaty between Germany and Japan. Italy joined the Pact in 1937. The "Rome–Berlin Axis" became a military alliance in 1939 under the so-called "Pact of Steel", with the Tripartite Pact of 1940 leading to the integration of the military aims of Germany and its two treaty-bound allies. At its zenith during World War II, the Axis presided over territories that occupied large parts of Europe, North Africa, and East Asia. There were no three-way summit meetings and cooperation and coordination was minimal, with a bit more between Germany and Italy. The war ended in 1945 with the defeat of the Axis powers and the dissolution of their alliance. As in the case of the Allies, membership of the Axis was fluid, with some nations switching sides or changing their degree of military involvement over the course of the war. |
________|_________________________|__________________________|_______
/ Doeg /--/ Phoenicia /--/ Dog / of / Dodonium /
|
/ Carites are the Kartan of Carchemish of Karnek of Thebes / at Carmel /
_______________________________________________________________
| | |
/ Doeg /--/ Phoenicia /--/ Dog / of / Dodonium /
|
/ Carites are the Kartan of Carchemish of Karnek of Thebes / at Carmel /
_______________________________________________________________
| | |
____________________________________________________________
/ Of / Tarshish /
________________________________________
/ Indo-European --Germanic---West Germanic---Anglo-Frisian---Frisian--North Frisian--Mooring /
Nordfriesland, English "Northern Friesland" or "North Frisia", is a district in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It includes almost all of traditional North Frisia along with adjacent areas to the east and south and is bound by (from the east and clockwise) the districts of Schleswig-Flensburg and Dithmarschen, the North Sea and the Danish county of South Jutland. The district is called Kreis Nordfriesland in German, Kreis Noordfreesland in Low German, Kris Nordfraschlönj in Mooring North Frisian, Kreis Nuurdfresklun in Fering North Frisian and Nordfrislands amt in Danish.
As of 2008, Nordfriesland was the most visited rural district in Germany.[2]
________________
/ Ostrich /
of
/ Amram / Aumram / of / Anom / of / Amrum /
|
/ Anubis / of / Anuki / of / Danube /
_______________________________________________________________
| | |
/ Of / Tarshish /
________________________________________
/ Indo-European --Germanic---West Germanic---Anglo-Frisian---Frisian--North Frisian--Mooring /
Nordfriesland, English "Northern Friesland" or "North Frisia", is a district in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It includes almost all of traditional North Frisia along with adjacent areas to the east and south and is bound by (from the east and clockwise) the districts of Schleswig-Flensburg and Dithmarschen, the North Sea and the Danish county of South Jutland. The district is called Kreis Nordfriesland in German, Kreis Noordfreesland in Low German, Kris Nordfraschlönj in Mooring North Frisian, Kreis Nuurdfresklun in Fering North Frisian and Nordfrislands amt in Danish.
As of 2008, Nordfriesland was the most visited rural district in Germany.[2]
________________
/ Ostrich /
of
/ Amram / Aumram / of / Anom / of / Amrum /
|
/ Anubis / of / Anuki / of / Danube /
_______________________________________________________________
| | |
___________
/ Azotus / The islands form the Macaronesia ecoregion with the Azores, Cape Verde, Madeira, and the Savage Isles. Some hypothesize that the Canary Islands dog-worship and the ancient Egyptian cult of the dog-headed god, Anubis are closely connected[23] but there is no explanation given as to which one was first. Other theories speculate that the name comes from a reported Berber tribe living in the Moroccan Atlas, named in Roman sources as Canarii, though Pliny again mentions the relation of this term with dogs.[citation needed] The connection to dogs is retained in their depiction on the islands' coat-of-arms (shown above). What is certain is that the name of the islands does not derive from the canary bird; rather, the birds are named after the islands. |
/ Nation Builders /
| / Heirs and Heresies / of / North Friesland / are / French - Fries / The Fraticelli ("Little Brethren") or Spiritual Franciscans were extreme proponents of the rule of Saint Francis of Assisi, especially with regard to poverty, and regarded the wealth of the Church as scandalous, and that of individual churchmen as invalidating their status. They were thus forced into open revolt against the whole authority of the Church and were declared heretical in 1296 by Boniface VIII. The name Fraticelli is used for various heretical sects,[1] which appeared in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, principally in Italy, that separated from theFranciscan Order on account of the disputes concerning poverty. The Apostolics (also known as Pseudo-Apostles or Apostolic Brethren) are excluded from the category, because admission to the Order of St. Francis was expressly denied to their founder, Gerard Segarelli. They had no connection to the Franciscans, in fact desiring to exterminate them. It is therefore necessary to differentiate the various groups of Fraticelli, although the one term may be applied to all. Umberto Eco's novel The Name of the Rose is set against the persecution of Fraticelli. History and branches[edit] The origin of the Fraticelli and the cause of their growth within and without the Franciscan Order must be sought in the history of the Spirituals. It must suffice here to note that in consequence of St. Francis's severe requirements concerning the practice of poverty, his followers divided into two branches, the Zelanti, or Spirituals, and the Relaxati, known later as the Conventuals. The popes of the thirteenth century intervened to bring about harmony between the two factions, and Gregory IX,Innocent IV, and Nicholas III gave in their Bulls authoritative explanations of the points at issue. But the differences were not fully adjusted nor was unity ever completely restored between the Spirituals and the main body of the order, the Community (Fratres de Communitate). _________________________________ The Order of Friars Minor Conventual (OFM Conv), commonly known as the Conventual Franciscans, Minorites, orGreyfriars as a result of their grey robes, is a branch of the order of Catholic Friars founded by Francis of Assisi in 1209. _______________________ / Heretical / In Eastern Christianity heresy most commonly refers to those beliefs declared heretical by the first seven Ecumenical Councils.[citation needed] Since the Great Schism and the Protestant Reformation, various Christian churches have also used the concept in proceedings against individuals and groups those churches deemed heretical. The Orthodox Church also rejects the early Christian heresies such as Arianism, Gnosticism, Origenism, Montanism, Judaism,Marcionism, Docetism, Adoptionism, Nestorianism, Monophysitism, Monothelitism and Iconoclasm. |
_______________
/ Libya / | / Nation Builders / |
Clonmel is twinned with several places:
|
____|______________________________|____________________________|______
/ Gomorrah / North / Conspire With One Accord / South / Sodom /
|
/ Sodom of Gomorrah /
|
__________________of__________________
|
/ A-kel-dama /
|
/ Beth- / West / Mede / Black Flags / Midian / East / -Baal /
|
/ Geneva /
|
/ Ash-kel-on /
|
/ Nestor / of / Tabor-ites / of / A Rose / of / Sharon / of / A Stench / of / Carmel / of / Keilah /
|
/ Prophets / of / Antioch / of / Kadesh- / Barn / Chaff / of / Habakkuk / of / Codex / of / Luke /
|
_____________________________of_____________________________
|
/ Beth -/ Both of Them /- Baal /
|
/ Kath- / O-Holi-bah / -Ic /
|
/ Cretans / of / Manaen / of Manoah / of M-ao-n / of / Greece / of / Chittim / of / Tiras /
|
/ Jereboam / M-oa-b / Rehoboam /
|
/ Pantheon / Eunuchs / of / Babylon / of / Thebes /
|
/ Tanners / of / S-ham / of / Ararat /
|
/ Walked / Backwards /
|
/ Naked /
|
[ Amos Accused ] Tried to Lie to / US of / America /
|
/ Chamberlain / The Key to the Bottomle-ss Pit / Chamber / of / US / Treasuries / Chest / Box /
|
/ Samaritans / of / ISIS - Uranus / Cross / Rhodes of / Blood of The Rooster / that Crows / Brow /
|
/ Tur-Kish / Samartans / of / Sachar the Hararite / of / Uranus / of / Mari /
|
/ Greece / Who is ? / Salamis --Salome-Salma--Salmon-Salmone / Who is ? / Greece /
|
/ Sumer-That is Summer Fruit) /
|
/ CIA / Pantheon / Unics / of / Jetur / of / EU / of / UK / of / P-ic-ts /
|
/ Ach-bor of Accad-Acco-Ak- / Ec- Ech- Ek- / Ic- Ich- Ik- / Oc- Och- Ok- / Uc- Uch- UK- /
|
/ Ban / Ib-ben / Ben / Bin / Bon / Jew-ish-Bund-les /
|
/ Yoke of / Dodo / Eg-gg's of Do-eg the Edomite / Who ? / Do The Math / of / Abi-Lot / of / Job /
|
/ The Tur-Kish - Key of / lord - Chamberlain / of / A-big-dor / Sy-Nob / of / Abi-Lot / of / Jetur /
|
/ Greek -/ Latian-US /- Hebrew /
__________________________________________________________________________
| | |
|
/ Kath- / O-Holi-bah / -Ic /
|
/ Cretans / of / Manaen / of Manoah / of M-ao-n / of / Greece / of / Chittim / of / Tiras /
|
/ Jereboam / M-oa-b / Rehoboam /
|
/ Pantheon / Eunuchs / of / Babylon / of / Thebes /
|
/ Tanners / of / S-ham / of / Ararat /
|
/ Walked / Backwards /
|
/ Naked /
|
[ Amos Accused ] Tried to Lie to / US of / America /
|
/ Chamberlain / The Key to the Bottomle-ss Pit / Chamber / of / US / Treasuries / Chest / Box /
|
/ Samaritans / of / ISIS - Uranus / Cross / Rhodes of / Blood of The Rooster / that Crows / Brow /
|
/ Tur-Kish / Samartans / of / Sachar the Hararite / of / Uranus / of / Mari /
|
/ Greece / Who is ? / Salamis --Salome-Salma--Salmon-Salmone / Who is ? / Greece /
|
/ Sumer-That is Summer Fruit) /
|
/ CIA / Pantheon / Unics / of / Jetur / of / EU / of / UK / of / P-ic-ts /
|
/ Ach-bor of Accad-Acco-Ak- / Ec- Ech- Ek- / Ic- Ich- Ik- / Oc- Och- Ok- / Uc- Uch- UK- /
|
/ Ban / Ib-ben / Ben / Bin / Bon / Jew-ish-Bund-les /
|
/ Yoke of / Dodo / Eg-gg's of Do-eg the Edomite / Who ? / Do The Math / of / Abi-Lot / of / Job /
|
/ The Tur-Kish - Key of / lord - Chamberlain / of / A-big-dor / Sy-Nob / of / Abi-Lot / of / Jetur /
|
/ Greek -/ Latian-US /- Hebrew /
__________________________________________________________________________
| | |
________|____________________________|___________________________|_________
/ Key to the Bottomless Pit /
|
/ Treaty / of / Sin and Treacherous of / Treasoners / of Treasuries / of / Ophrah / of / Ophir /
|
/ Phoenician / Ship / Merchants /
|
/ Bezalel / of / Craftsman-Ga-latian-Merchants / of / Oholiab /
|
________________of________________
|
/ Lyre / Y- Eye- I / L-ir-e /
|
/ Ly- / Lyres / of / Lyconia / Lydda / Lydia / Lycia / Lysias / Lystra /
|
/ ys- / Claudius Lysias / of / Myra in Lycia / of / Mysia / of / Lystra /
|
/ Hyssop / Claudius - Lysanias / Kidneys /
|
/ Mary / of / Kohath / of / Kath-hol-ic-Dio-s-ese / of / Dio-nysius / of / Areopagus /
|
/ “Men of Athens, / and / Woman / Damaris of / Damascus / of / Mari /
|
/ Great Ones / of / Assyria / Y-Eye-I / Assir / of / Pas-dammim /
|
/ Abianus / King Chittim / Lysanias- Tetrarch of Abilene, / of / Kikianus King of Cush /
|
________________of________________
|
/ Sons of Anarchy / Bee - Koz / The Men of Iconium / of / Sachar the Hararite /
|
/ Pat-mos / Pet-er / Pit / Pot / Put-iel /
|
/ Cretans / of / Manaen / of / Manoah / of / Maon / of / Mahlon / of / Mahol / of / Mayon /
|
/ Carites / of / Carmel / of / Merari / of / Kêsêd / of / Mari / of / Mardon / of / Avvim /
|
/ Sham / Shem / Shim / Shomron / Shu-math-ites /
|
/ The Princes of Zadok -the priest / of Nobles who Arrived in Geneva of Munich are Eunuchs /
|
/ Hasham / Hushim / Hushah -Copy 5 /
|
/ Har- / Her- / Ach-Hir-Ram / Hor- / Hur- /
|
/ 4) Rushash-Ukraine-Rosh /
|
/ Poison / of / Leaven / of / Mandrake /
|
/ Hoshea / and / Job / of / Son of Man - Drake /
|
/ Chaldean / Aramean / Judeans / Haes-mone-an / Sabeans /
|
/ Key to the Bottomless Pit /
|
/ Treaty / of / Sin and Treacherous of / Treasoners / of Treasuries / of / Ophrah / of / Ophir /
|
/ Phoenician / Ship / Merchants /
|
/ Bezalel / of / Craftsman-Ga-latian-Merchants / of / Oholiab /
|
________________of________________
|
/ Lyre / Y- Eye- I / L-ir-e /
|
/ Ly- / Lyres / of / Lyconia / Lydda / Lydia / Lycia / Lysias / Lystra /
|
/ ys- / Claudius Lysias / of / Myra in Lycia / of / Mysia / of / Lystra /
|
/ Hyssop / Claudius - Lysanias / Kidneys /
|
/ Mary / of / Kohath / of / Kath-hol-ic-Dio-s-ese / of / Dio-nysius / of / Areopagus /
|
/ “Men of Athens, / and / Woman / Damaris of / Damascus / of / Mari /
|
/ Great Ones / of / Assyria / Y-Eye-I / Assir / of / Pas-dammim /
|
/ Abianus / King Chittim / Lysanias- Tetrarch of Abilene, / of / Kikianus King of Cush /
|
________________of________________
|
/ Sons of Anarchy / Bee - Koz / The Men of Iconium / of / Sachar the Hararite /
|
/ Pat-mos / Pet-er / Pit / Pot / Put-iel /
|
/ Cretans / of / Manaen / of / Manoah / of / Maon / of / Mahlon / of / Mahol / of / Mayon /
|
/ Carites / of / Carmel / of / Merari / of / Kêsêd / of / Mari / of / Mardon / of / Avvim /
|
/ Sham / Shem / Shim / Shomron / Shu-math-ites /
|
/ The Princes of Zadok -the priest / of Nobles who Arrived in Geneva of Munich are Eunuchs /
|
/ Hasham / Hushim / Hushah -Copy 5 /
|
/ Har- / Her- / Ach-Hir-Ram / Hor- / Hur- /
|
/ 4) Rushash-Ukraine-Rosh /
|
/ Poison / of / Leaven / of / Mandrake /
|
/ Hoshea / and / Job / of / Son of Man - Drake /
|
/ Chaldean / Aramean / Judeans / Haes-mone-an / Sabeans /
|
/ Dragon / of / Wessex /
|
/ Pantheon / Eunuchs / of / Babylon / of / Thebes /
|
/ Tanners / of / S-ham / of / Ararat /
|
/ Walked / Backwards /
|
/ Naked /
|
/ Pantheon / Eunuchs / of / Babylon / of / Thebes /
|
/ Tanners / of / S-ham / of / Ararat /
|
/ Walked / Backwards /
|
/ Naked /
|
/ Consider / Rahab / Who ? / Lodged / The Spies / of Sons of Anarchy /
|
/ Consider / Ram's of Resen / of (Bear)= The Sow =(Pig) of / Beor's of Bela /
|
/ Chaldean / Aramean / Judeans / Haes-mone-an / Sabeans /
|
/ Consider / Spie-s-/-Der-s / of / Mole -- Boar-- Sow--Web / of / Ra-Venous -Venom /
|
/ Madai / of / Magog / of / Sy-Nod / of / Gog / of / Synagogue / of / Satan /
|
/ Zebah and Zalmunna /
/ Consider / Rahab / Who ? / Lodged / The Spies / of Sons of Anarchy /
|
/ Consider / Ram's of Resen / of (Bear)= The Sow =(Pig) of / Beor's of Bela /
|
/ Chaldean / Aramean / Judeans / Haes-mone-an / Sabeans /
|
/ Consider / Spie-s-/-Der-s / of / Mole -- Boar-- Sow--Web / of / Ra-Venous -Venom /
|
/ Madai / of / Magog / of / Sy-Nod / of / Gog / of / Synagogue / of / Satan /
|
/ Zebah and Zalmunna /
______________________________
/ Crown and the Temple /
|
/ Diamond / of / Diadem / of / Dimonah /
|
/ Arch-dioc-ese /
|
/ Archi / Archite / Ar- / chi- /
|
/ Sons of An-archy / Y-Eye-I / Anah-Arch-i / Anna- Ark ? Chi- /
|
/ Ben-jamin-nite / of / Achi- / Ehi / Ahiram / of / Achiram / Ahiram / Hiram /
|
/ Aust-alia / Ath-alia-h /
|
/ Gedaliah /---/ Gam-al-iel /
|
/ Remaliah / of / Attalia /
|
/ aliah / Azaliah / Athaliah / Bealiah / Hachaliah / Igdaliah / Pelaliah /
|
/ Pethahiah / of Remaliah / Gedaliah / of / Athlai /
|
/ C-ali-gula /
|
3rd Roman Emperor /
|
/ Italians / Lions /
|
/ Do-eg /
|
/ House of Obed-Edom / of / Syria is in League with Ephraim / of / House of Eli-Melech /
|
/ Who Captured the Ark ? /
|
/ Jar of Carpenters - Bees of Bear / Tyrian / Oil / Craftsman / in the Carcass-Or-body of the lion, /
|
/ Sickle / of / Carpenter Bees / of / Tyre / Y Eye I / Tiras / of / Craftsman / of / Hammer /
|
/ Iberiah / of / Ge-rmany / Y-Eye-I / Ger-Mani-ic / of / Iberiah /
|
/ Enoch / Craftsman-Galatian-Merchants / Arioch /
|
/ Corinthians / Then take -balances for weighing and divide the hair. / of / Thessalonian's /
|
/ Carites / of / Aram-Balak / of / Tartan's /
|
/ Ptolema-ic / of / Publius / of / Syracuse,/ Sicily / of / Silesia / of / Cilicia / of / Seleu-cia /
|
/ Timber and Stones / of / Bdellium / Who ? / Cut - Corners /
|
______________of______________
|
/ Lyre / Y Eye I / L-ir-e / 's ? /
|
/ Ira the J-air-ite was buried in / Kamon / Jair son of Segub son of Hiel /
|
/ Hiel - Hitler / of / Abiram and Segub / of / Ado-lf - Hitler /
|
/ Esther's Uncle / Sam's Chi-ick / Hen / of / Esther's Uncle / Ben's / Mice / of / Abi-Lot /
|
/ Esther's Uncle / Mordecai son of Jair, son of Shimei Son of Gera Brother of Bela /
|
/ Five Golden Tumors and Five Golden Mice /
|
/ Box / of / Certain- Men War of Beth-Shemesh / of / Gehazi / of / Areli / of / Felix /
|
/ Tartan's / of /3) Spain-Tarshish / of / 5)-Kartah /-Qatar-/ of / Bahrain /
|
/ 3) Spain-Tarshish / of / Madai-Maine-Magog / of / 4) Rushash-Ukraine-Rosh /
|
/ Spain-/ Kar-tah / Ker-ioth / Kir-Qatar-Atar / Kor-ah / Kurd-ish /-Ukraine /
|
/ 2) Germain-Olive-Oil of Towns of Gerar /
|
/ Potters / of / Elkanah / of / Jeroham of Gedor / of / Eliel the Mahavite / of Pashhur of Immer /
|
/ Carites / of / Aram-Balak / of / Tartan's /
/ Crown and the Temple /
|
/ Diamond / of / Diadem / of / Dimonah /
|
/ Arch-dioc-ese /
|
/ Archi / Archite / Ar- / chi- /
|
/ Sons of An-archy / Y-Eye-I / Anah-Arch-i / Anna- Ark ? Chi- /
|
/ Ben-jamin-nite / of / Achi- / Ehi / Ahiram / of / Achiram / Ahiram / Hiram /
|
/ Aust-alia / Ath-alia-h /
|
/ Gedaliah /---/ Gam-al-iel /
|
/ Remaliah / of / Attalia /
|
/ aliah / Azaliah / Athaliah / Bealiah / Hachaliah / Igdaliah / Pelaliah /
|
/ Pethahiah / of Remaliah / Gedaliah / of / Athlai /
|
/ C-ali-gula /
|
3rd Roman Emperor /
|
/ Italians / Lions /
|
/ Do-eg /
|
/ House of Obed-Edom / of / Syria is in League with Ephraim / of / House of Eli-Melech /
|
/ Who Captured the Ark ? /
|
/ Jar of Carpenters - Bees of Bear / Tyrian / Oil / Craftsman / in the Carcass-Or-body of the lion, /
|
/ Sickle / of / Carpenter Bees / of / Tyre / Y Eye I / Tiras / of / Craftsman / of / Hammer /
|
/ Iberiah / of / Ge-rmany / Y-Eye-I / Ger-Mani-ic / of / Iberiah /
|
/ Enoch / Craftsman-Galatian-Merchants / Arioch /
|
/ Corinthians / Then take -balances for weighing and divide the hair. / of / Thessalonian's /
|
/ Carites / of / Aram-Balak / of / Tartan's /
|
/ Ptolema-ic / of / Publius / of / Syracuse,/ Sicily / of / Silesia / of / Cilicia / of / Seleu-cia /
|
/ Timber and Stones / of / Bdellium / Who ? / Cut - Corners /
|
______________of______________
|
/ Lyre / Y Eye I / L-ir-e / 's ? /
|
/ Ira the J-air-ite was buried in / Kamon / Jair son of Segub son of Hiel /
|
/ Hiel - Hitler / of / Abiram and Segub / of / Ado-lf - Hitler /
|
/ Esther's Uncle / Sam's Chi-ick / Hen / of / Esther's Uncle / Ben's / Mice / of / Abi-Lot /
|
/ Esther's Uncle / Mordecai son of Jair, son of Shimei Son of Gera Brother of Bela /
|
/ Five Golden Tumors and Five Golden Mice /
|
/ Box / of / Certain- Men War of Beth-Shemesh / of / Gehazi / of / Areli / of / Felix /
|
/ Tartan's / of /3) Spain-Tarshish / of / 5)-Kartah /-Qatar-/ of / Bahrain /
|
/ 3) Spain-Tarshish / of / Madai-Maine-Magog / of / 4) Rushash-Ukraine-Rosh /
|
/ Spain-/ Kar-tah / Ker-ioth / Kir-Qatar-Atar / Kor-ah / Kurd-ish /-Ukraine /
|
/ 2) Germain-Olive-Oil of Towns of Gerar /
|
/ Potters / of / Elkanah / of / Jeroham of Gedor / of / Eliel the Mahavite / of Pashhur of Immer /
|
/ Carites / of / Aram-Balak / of / Tartan's /
________________
/ Hellenist / of / Alexandria /
|
/ Clearness / of / Clea-ness / of / Cloa-pas / of S=hekel of / Likeness / Lawless-ness / of / Knessets /
|
/ Cri-/ Hypocricy / Y Eye I / Hipo-cri-ites /
|
[ The Parable of the Lost Coin ]
|
/ Smiths / of / Gerah / of / Shekel / of / Mina / of / Daric / of / Tetrarc- Drachma / of / Denarius /
|
/ Potiphar / of / Cl-Ear of Lire / of / Sons of Anarchy /
|
/ Hair / of / Lair ? / Lyre / Y Eye I / L-ir-e / 's ? / Liar / of / Jair /
|
/ Le-ban-non / of / Ramath-Lehi / of / Le- / La- / of / Ehi- /
|
/ Hellenist / of / Alexandria /
|
/ The Sect / of / The Lee of Cyprus / of / Purple /
|
/ Laban-ese / Phoen-ic-CIA / Crypto Jew-ish / MAphiah / Mob-lord-Cartel-Nob /
|
/ Ptolema-ic / of / Publius / of / Syracuse,/ Sicily / of / Silesia / of / Cilicia / of / Seleu-cia /
|
/ Parable of the Missing- Coin /
|
/ Shelomi / of / Shelomoth / of / Shelomith /
|
/ Shelomoth / of / Shelemiah- Treasurer -Over the Storehouses / of / Shelomith /
___________________________________________________________
Other instruments called lyres
Over time, the name in the wider Hellenic space came to be used to label mostly bowed lutes such as the
Byzantine lyra, the Pontic lyra, the Constantinopolitan lyra, the Cretan lyra, the lira da braccio, the Calabrian lira, the lijerica, the lyra viol, the lirone.
________________
/ Carites /
|
/ 2) Germain-Olive-Oil of Towns of Gerar /
/ Apollo /
/ Carites /
|
/ 2) Germain-Olive-Oil of Towns of Gerar /
- 600 BCE - 550 BCE
The silver stater coin of Calymna in Caria depicts a tortoise shell lyre on its reverse side.
/ Apollo /
____________________________________________________
/ Who is ? of Hook / Shook / Hook / Jaw / Bones / Gog /
|
/ Drachma / of / Lycaonia /
|
/ The Sect of / The Banker / of / Philip / Knights /
_________________________________________________________________
| |
/ Dublin of Diblaim of Lublin / |
/ Head of the Two Ways // Polish Politics / of / Devil / |
__|___________________________________________|____
/ Lyre / Y Eye I / L-ir-e /
|
/ The Bankers / of / Liver - Pool / of / Club / of / Kent /
|
/ Sect / of / Sons of Anarchy / of / House of Card's-ignals / of / The Cook of Hook / Awaits /
|
/ Pantheon / Eunuchs / of / PIGion / of / Gi-HION / of / LATIN / of / Babylon / of / Thebes /
|
/ Head of the Two Ways /
___________________________________________________________________
| | |
/ Anchor / of / Hope / |
/ Second Quarter / |
/ Amalekites / of / Denarius / |
/ Emmanuel /
|
/ Kemuel /
/ and The Carved Image /
|
____|______________________________________________________|__
/ Solomon / and / Sheba /
|
/ Bor- Ashan /
(Aboriginal Australians and Torres Strait Islanders)
Victor Emanuel was born the eldest son of Charles Albert, Prince of Carignano, and Maria Theresa of Austria.
/ Solomon / and / Sheba /
|
/ Bor- Ashan /
(Aboriginal Australians and Torres Strait Islanders)
Victor Emanuel was born the eldest son of Charles Albert, Prince of Carignano, and Maria Theresa of Austria.
__________________________________
/ Sir / -are- / Lords / Rulers / Daites / and / Knights /
|
/ Mountain / Men / of / The People Who Sealed the Covenant / of / Sur-Han /
|
/ The Tur-Kish - Key of / lord - Chamberlain / of / A-big-dor / Nob / of / Abi-Lot / of / Jetur /
|
/ Sickle / of / Carpenter Bees / of / Tyre / Y Eye I / Tiras / of / Craftsman / of / Hammer /
|
/ Cretans / of / Manaen / of / Manoah / of / Maon / of / Mahlon / of / Mahol / of / Mayon /
|
/ Jar of Carpenters - Bees of Bear / Tyrian / Oil / Craftsman / in the Carcass-Or-body of the lion, /
|
[ The Sin of Achan ]
|
/ The Ban-kers are Bakers-bread-Money / of / Leaven / of / Pharisees / of / Sadduces /
|
/ West Bank-Kir ? /
|
/ Kurd-ish /-Ukraine / of / Partrige in a Pair -Trees / of / Despair /
|
/ Hair / of / Lair ? / Lyre / Y Eye I / L-ir-e / 's ? / Liar / of / Jair /
|
/ That is / The Place of a Skull / That Throws Blood / Muslim / Crypto Jews from Asia /
|
/ Su-ur / Sur- Han- / Han- /
|
/ Greek / Amorica / Golgoth-ic / Sabeans / Persians /
|
/ Laban-ese / Phoen-ic-CIA / Crypto Jew-ish / MAphiah / Mob-lord-Cartel-Nob /
|
/ Potters / of / Elkanah / of / Jeroham of Gedor / of / Eliel the Mahavite / of Pashhur of Immer /
|
/ To Be or Not To Be / That is / The Question ? Mark -Joker -Riddler /
|
/ "You Must Be Born Again" /
/ Sir / -are- / Lords / Rulers / Daites / and / Knights /
|
/ Mountain / Men / of / The People Who Sealed the Covenant / of / Sur-Han /
|
/ The Tur-Kish - Key of / lord - Chamberlain / of / A-big-dor / Nob / of / Abi-Lot / of / Jetur /
|
/ Sickle / of / Carpenter Bees / of / Tyre / Y Eye I / Tiras / of / Craftsman / of / Hammer /
|
/ Cretans / of / Manaen / of / Manoah / of / Maon / of / Mahlon / of / Mahol / of / Mayon /
|
/ Jar of Carpenters - Bees of Bear / Tyrian / Oil / Craftsman / in the Carcass-Or-body of the lion, /
|
[ The Sin of Achan ]
|
/ The Ban-kers are Bakers-bread-Money / of / Leaven / of / Pharisees / of / Sadduces /
|
/ West Bank-Kir ? /
|
/ Kurd-ish /-Ukraine / of / Partrige in a Pair -Trees / of / Despair /
|
/ Hair / of / Lair ? / Lyre / Y Eye I / L-ir-e / 's ? / Liar / of / Jair /
|
/ That is / The Place of a Skull / That Throws Blood / Muslim / Crypto Jews from Asia /
|
/ Su-ur / Sur- Han- / Han- /
|
/ Greek / Amorica / Golgoth-ic / Sabeans / Persians /
|
/ Laban-ese / Phoen-ic-CIA / Crypto Jew-ish / MAphiah / Mob-lord-Cartel-Nob /
|
/ Potters / of / Elkanah / of / Jeroham of Gedor / of / Eliel the Mahavite / of Pashhur of Immer /
|
/ To Be or Not To Be / That is / The Question ? Mark -Joker -Riddler /
|
/ "You Must Be Born Again" /
- Genesis 4:21
His brother's name was Jubal; he was the father of all those who play the lyre and pipe.
Genesis 4:20-22 (in Context) Genesis 4 (Whole Chapter) Other Translations - Genesis 31:27
Why did you flee secretly and trick me, and did not tell me, so that I might have sent you away with mirth and songs, with tambourine and lyre?
Genesis 31:26-28 (in Context) Genesis 31 (Whole Chapter) Other Translations - 1 Samuel 10:5
After that you shall come to Gibeath-elohim, where there is a garrison of the Philistines. And there, as soon as you come to the city, you will meet a group of prophets coming down from the high place with harp, tambourine, flute, and lyre before them, prophesying.
1 Samuel 10:4-6 (in Context) 1 Samuel 10 (Whole Chapter) Other Translations - 1 Samuel 16:16
Let our lord now command your servants who are before you to seek out a man who is skillful in playing the lyre, and when the harmful spirit from God is upon you, he will play it, and you will be well.”
1 Samuel 16:15-17 (in Context) 1 Samuel 16 (Whole Chapter) Other Translations - 1 Samuel 16:23
And whenever the harmful spirit from God was upon Saul, David took the lyre and played it with his hand. So Saul was refreshed and was well, and the harmful spirit departed from him.
1 Samuel 16:22-23 (in Context) 1 Samuel 16 (Whole Chapter) Other Translations - 1 Samuel 18:10
The next day a harmful spirit from God rushed upon Saul, and he raved within his house while David was playing the lyre, as he did day by day. Saul had his spear in his hand.
1 Samuel 18:9-11 (in Context) 1 Samuel 18 (Whole Chapter) Other Translations - 1 Samuel 19:9
Then a harmful spirit from the Lord came upon Saul, as he sat in his house with his spear in his hand. And David was playing the lyre.
1 Samuel 19:8-10 (in Context) 1 Samuel 19 (Whole Chapter) Other Translations - 2 Samuel 6:5
[ Uzzah and the Ark ] And David and all the house of Israel were celebrating before theLord, with songs and lyres and harps and tambourines and castanets and cymbals.
2 Samuel 6:4-6 (in Context) 2 Samuel 6 (Whole Chapter) Other Translations - 1 Kings 10:12
And the king made of the almug wood supports for the house of the Lord and for the king's house, also lyres and harps for the singers. No such almug wood has come or been seen to this day.
1 Kings 10:11-13 (in Context) 1 Kings 10 (Whole Chapter) Other Translations - 1 Chronicles 13:8
And David and all Israel were celebrating before God with all their might, with song andlyres and harps and tambourines and cymbals and trumpets.
1 Chronicles 13:7-9 (in Context) 1 Chronicles 13 (Whole Chapter) Other Translations - 1 Chronicles 15:16
David also commanded the chiefs of the Levites to appoint their brothers as the singers who should play loudly on musical instruments, on harps and lyres and cymbals, to raise sounds of joy.
1 Chronicles 15:15-17 (in Context) 1 Chronicles 15 (Whole Chapter) Other Translations - 1 Chronicles 15:21
but Mattithiah, Eliphelehu, Mikneiah, Obed-edom, Jeiel, and Azaziah were to lead withlyres according to the Sheminith.
1 Chronicles 15:20-22 (in Context) 1 Chronicles 15 (Whole Chapter) Other Translations - 1 Chronicles 15:28
So all Israel brought up the ark of the covenant of the Lord with shouting, to the sound of the horn, trumpets, and cymbals, and made loud music on harps and lyres.
1 Chronicles 15:27-29 (in Context) 1 Chronicles 15 (Whole Chapter) Other Translations - 1 Chronicles 16:5
Asaph was the chief, and second to him were Zechariah, Jeiel, Shemiramoth, Jehiel, Mattithiah, Eliab, Benaiah, Obed-edom, and Jeiel, who were to play harps and lyres; Asaph was to sound the cymbals,
1 Chronicles 16:4-6 (in Context) 1 Chronicles 16 (Whole Chapter) Other Translations - 1 Chronicles 25:1
[ David Organizes the Musicians ] David and the chiefs of the service also set apart for the service the sons of Asaph, and of Heman, and of Jeduthun, who prophesied withlyres, with harps, and with cymbals. The list of those who did the work and of their duties was:
1 Chronicles 25:1-3 (in Context) 1 Chronicles 25 (Whole Chapter) Other Translations - 1 Chronicles 25:3
Of Jeduthun, the sons of Jeduthun: Gedaliah, Zeri, Jeshaiah, Shimei, Hashabiah, and Mattithiah, six, under the direction of their father Jeduthun, who prophesied with thelyre in thanksgiving and praise to the Lord.
1 Chronicles 25:2-4 (in Context) 1 Chronicles 25 (Whole Chapter) Other Translations - 1 Chronicles 25:6
They were all under the direction of their father in the music in the house of the Lordwith cymbals, harps, and lyres for the service of the house of God. Asaph, Jeduthun, and Heman were under the order of the king.
1 Chronicles 25:5-7 (in Context) 1 Chronicles 25 (Whole Chapter) Other Translations - 2 Chronicles 5:12
and all the Levitical singers, Asaph, Heman, and Jeduthun, their sons and kinsmen, arrayed in fine linen, with cymbals, harps, and lyres, stood east of the altar with 120 priests who were trumpeters;
2 Chronicles 5:11-13 (in Context) 2 Chronicles 5 (Whole Chapter) Other Translations - 2 Chronicles 9:11
And the king made from the algum wood supports for the house of the Lord and for the king's house, lyres also and harps for the singers. There never was seen the like of them before in the land of Judah.
2 Chronicles 9:10-12 (in Context) 2 Chronicles 9 (Whole Chapter) Other Translations - 2 Chronicles 20:28
They came to Jerusalem with harps and lyres and trumpets, to the house of the Lord.
2 Chronicles 20:27-29 (in Context) 2 Chronicles 20 (Whole Chapter) Other Translations - 2 Chronicles 29:25
And he stationed the Levites in the house of the Lord with cymbals, harps, and lyres, according to the commandment of David and of Gad the king's seer and of Nathan the prophet, for the commandment was from the Lord through his prophets.
2 Chronicles 29:24-26 (in Context) 2 Chronicles 29 (Whole Chapter) Other Translations - Nehemiah 12:27
[ Dedication of the Wall ] And at the dedication of the wall of Jerusalem they sought the Levites in all their places, to bring them to Jerusalem to celebrate the dedication with gladness, with thanksgivings and with singing, with cymbals, harps, and lyres.
Nehemiah 12:26-28 (in Context) Nehemiah 12 (Whole Chapter) Other Translations - Job 21:12
They sing to the tambourine and the lyre and rejoice to the sound of the pipe.
Job 21:11-13 (in Context) Job 21 (Whole Chapter) Other Translations - Job 30:31
My lyre is turned to mourning, and my pipe to the voice of those who weep.
Job 30:30-31 (in Context) Job 30 (Whole Chapter) Other Translations - Psalm 33:2
Give thanks to the Lord with the lyre; make melody to him with the harp of ten strings!
Psalm 33:1-3 (in Context) Psalm 33 (Whole Chapter) Other Translations - Psalm 43:4
Then I will go to the altar of God, to God my exceeding joy, and I will praise you with the lyre, O God, my God.
Psalm 43:3-5 (in Context) Psalm 43 (Whole Chapter) Other Translations - Psalm 49:4
I will incline my ear to a proverb; I will solve my riddle to the music of the lyre.
Psalm 49:3-5 (in Context) Psalm 49 (Whole Chapter) Other Translations - Psalm 57:8
Awake, my glory! Awake, O harp and lyre! I will awake the dawn!
Psalm 57:7-9 (in Context) Psalm 57 (Whole Chapter) Other Translations - Psalm 71:22
I will also praise you with the harp for your faithfulness, O my God; I will sing praises to you with the lyre, O Holy One of Israel.
Psalm 71:21-23 (in Context) Psalm 71 (Whole Chapter) Other Translations - Psalm 81:2
Raise a song; sound the tambourine, the sweet lyre with the harp.
Psalm 81:1-3 (in Context) Psalm 81 (Whole Chapter) Other Translations - Psalm 92:3
to the music of the lute and the harp, to the melody of the lyre.
Psalm 92:2-4 (in Context) Psalm 92 (Whole Chapter) Other Translations - Psalm 98:5
Sing praises to the Lord with the lyre, with the lyre and the sound of melody!
Psalm 98:4-6 (in Context) Psalm 98 (Whole Chapter) Other Translations - Psalm 108:2
Awake, O harp and lyre! I will awake the dawn!
Psalm 108:1-3 (in Context) Psalm 108 (Whole Chapter) Other Translations - Psalm 137:2
On the willows there we hung up our lyres.
Psalm 137:1-3 (in Context) Psalm 137 (Whole Chapter) Other Translations - Psalm 147:7
Sing to the Lord with thanksgiving; make melody to our God on the lyre!
Psalm 147:6-8 (in Context) Psalm 147 (Whole Chapter) Other Translations - Psalm 149:3
Let them praise his name with dancing, making melody to him with tambourine andlyre!
Psalm 149:2-4 (in Context) Psalm 149 (Whole Chapter) Other Translations - Isaiah 5:12
They have lyre and harp, tambourine and flute and wine at their feasts, but they do not regard the deeds of the Lord, or see the work of his hands.
Isaiah 5:11-13 (in Context) Isaiah 5 (Whole Chapter) Other Translations - Isaiah 16:11
Therefore my inner parts moan like a lyre for Moab, and my inmost self for Kir-hareseth.
Isaiah 16:10-12 (in Context) Isaiah 16 (Whole Chapter) Other Translations - Isaiah 24:8
The mirth of the tambourines is stilled, the noise of the jubilant has ceased, the mirth of the lyre is stilled.
Isaiah 24:7-9 (in Context) Isaiah 24 (Whole Chapter) Other Translations - Isaiah 30:32
And every stroke of the appointed staff that the Lord lays on them will be to the sound of tambourines and lyres. Battling with brandished arm, he will fight with them.
Isaiah 30:31-33 (in Context) Isaiah 30 (Whole Chapter) Other Translations - Ezekiel 26:13
And I will stop the music of your songs, and the sound of your lyres shall be heard no more.
Ezekiel 26:12-14 (in Context) Ezekiel 26 (Whole Chapter) Other Translations - Daniel 3:5
that when you hear the sound of the horn, pipe, lyre, trigon, harp, bagpipe, and every kind of music, you are to fall down and worship the golden image that King Nebuchadnezzar has set up.
Daniel 3:4-6 (in Context) Daniel 3 (Whole Chapter) Other Translations - Daniel 3:7
Therefore, as soon as all the peoples heard the sound of the horn, pipe, lyre, trigon, harp, bagpipe, and every kind of music, all the peoples, nations, and languages fell down and worshiped the golden image that King Nebuchadnezzar had set up.
Daniel 3:6-8 (in Context) Daniel 3 (Whole Chapter) Other Translations - Daniel 3:10
You, O king, have made a decree, that every man who hears the sound of the horn, pipe, lyre, trigon, harp, bagpipe, and every kind of music, shall fall down and worship the golden image.
Daniel 3:9-11 (in Context) Daniel 3 (Whole Chapter) Other Translations - Daniel 3:15
Now if you are ready when you hear the sound of the horn, pipe, lyre, trigon, harp, bagpipe, and every kind of music, to fall down and worship the image that I have made, well and good. But if you do not worship, you shall immediately be cast into a burning fiery furnace. And who is the god who will deliver you out of my hands?”
Daniel 3:14-16 (in Context) Daniel 3 (Whole Chapter) Other Translations