Manaen
__________________________________
/ Jesus -Curses the Fig - Tree /
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/ Michael / is / An Angel / Holding / The Key to the Bottomle-ss Pit / and / A Great Chain /
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____|________/ Who is ? of Ahlai / Who is ? of Bozrah / of / Who is ? of Zochar /_____|____
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/ "You Must Be Born Again" /
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/ Bee - Koz /
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/ The Men of Iconium /
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/ Our Father's Sinned / Who's Father Sin ? / Your First Father Sinned / Sin of Your Father of Sinai /
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/ Jonah the son of Amitta /
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/ Avvim / of / Adam / of / City of Adam / and Eve / of / Ninevah /
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/ Nic-olia-tan-s / of / Hoopoe, and the Bat / of / Hathath / Hathach / Hatched /
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/ Feather of Hen's of Og / of / Knessets / of / The Eagle of Saladin /
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/ Axe-Men / of Acts of Luke / of / Lukud of Likhi / Hatched / Under A Kamon /
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/ Beth -/ Twin-Gazelles that Grazes among the Lilies /- Baal /
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/ So you shall purge the evil from your midst /
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/ Up Root the Weeds of / Debauchery / of / Those Who -Despise ? /
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/ Humpty Dumpty / of / Anuki / of / Aztec -Incah--Micah / Hid Them Selves / Behind-America /
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_________of_________
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/ Manaen a lifelong friend of Herod The Tetrarch / of / 3 New Testament People /
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/ Iberiah / of / Ge-rmany / Y-Eye-I / Ger-Mani-ic / of / Iberiah /
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/ We Are Many / of / How Many / of / Many Colors / of / As Many As Before /
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/ The Law / of / Many Sons / Very Many / of / The Promise ]
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/ Joseph-/-Joses-/-and brothers of Jesus / of / Hoshea / of / Joseph of Arimathea / of / Meholathite /
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/ Vexed and Sullen / of / Sul-Tan / of / Tan / Ten / Tin / Ton / Tun / of / Tunisia / of / Samaritans /
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/ The Manaen / of / Craftsman / of / MAN / Men- / Min- / Mon- / Mun- / of / Munich are Eunuchs /
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/ Wonder-Full / Wizards / of / WitchCraft-Divination- / of / Emerald City /
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/ The Quartermaster / of / Ma- / Me- / Mi- / Mo- / Mu- / of / The Muslim / Crypto Jew /
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/ Corinthians / Then take -balances for weighing and divide the hair. / of / Thessalonian's /
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/ The Rome / of / Double Minded Men / of / The Ottoman /
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/ Colossians / of / Lystra / of / Phrygia / Hat- / Sink / of / Tomorrow /
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/ Show You The Way / of / The Marketplace / of / The Hellenist / of / Alexandria / Amalek-ites /
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/ The Urim and the Thummim / of / The Renown / Renoun / of / The Great Ones /
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/ The Cities / of / The Matter / of / The Split - Hair - Decision of Cal-ah Who is ? of Ahlai / of / The Polish Politics /
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/ The Parthian / of / The Schism / of / The Scythian /
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__________of__________
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/ As Many / of / man- / Manaen / -aen / of / Manoah /
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/ Muster / Mustard / Gate / of / The Fish / of / Gates / of / Mustard Seed /
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/ Hosah / of / Serak in Sodom, Shark-ad in Gomorrah / of / Gomer /
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/ Their Elders /--of / Areli / of / The House of Eli / of / Ariel /--/ Head and Tail /
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/ Aeneas / of / Angeas / Bela / of / Lydda / of / Epaenetus / of / Sabeaens /
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/ Sir / -are- / Lords / Rulers / Daites / and / Knights /
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/ Lyre / Y Eye I / L-ir-e / 's ? /
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/ Bela sons of Beor son of Janeas son of Balaam son's of Beor son of Laban / and Adinah /
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/ Azarel - Dan/Moab / of / The Leech / of / Lod and Ono / of / Zech-ariah / of Buk-ki son of Jogli /
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/ A Goat Who is ? of Ram Who is ? of Alemann-ic Who is ? of Arama-ic Who is ? of Arab-ic /
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/ Who is ? of Jordan / of / Hashemite Kingdom / of / Who is ? of Raamah of Cush /
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/ First Nation / of / F's / of / Fury / Fu-Furious-ly / Fur / Ur / of / Ur / of / Susa / of / Elam /
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/ Ptolema-ic / of / Publius / of / Syracuse,/ Sicily / of / Silesia / of / Cilicia / of / Seleu-cia /
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_____________of_____________
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/ Codex / of / Rogelim / of / Manaen / of / 1 New Testament People / of / Synagogue / of / Satan /
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/ Aba- / Abbeys / of / Abi-Lot / of / Abo-mina-nation / C-Abu-l / Dab / Dot / Abi- / of / Dubai /
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/ Bartholomew / son of Matthias / the father of Josep-Hus / of / Joseph of Arimathea /
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/ Zech-ariah / of / Queens / of / Eli-sheba/Eli-za-beth / of / House of- Mary / of / John /
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/ The Cretans / of / The Coptic Priest - House of Eli / of / Decapolis /
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/ Nestor / of / Tabor-ites / of / A Rose / of / Sharon / of / A Stench / of / Carmel / of / Keilah /
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/ Prophets / of / Antioch / of / Kadesh- / Barn / Chaff / of / Habakkuk / of / Codex / of / Luke /
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/ Bee - Koz / of / Tabor-ites / of / A Rose / of / Sharon / of / A Stench / of / Carmel / of / Quran /
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/ Mob-lord-Cartel-Nob / of / Han / Hen / Hin / Hon / Hun / of / The House of Shiloh /
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________________of________________
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/ Sons of Shechem / of / The House of Shiloh / of / The House of Eli / of / The sons of Bani /
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/ The Forum of Appius and Three Taverns /
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/ The Copt-ic -The Priest / of / Cappado-CIA / of / Zel-icah the wife of Potiphar /
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___________of___________
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/ Certain man / of / Watchman / of / Worthless man /
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/ Mandrakes / of / Man of War / of / Commander / of / Manslayer /
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/ Noble-man / of / Gethsemane /
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/ Ahiman / of / Amana / of / Teman / of / Heman / of / Nahamani / of / Manasseh / of / Manoah /
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/ Manahath / of / Manahathites / of / Alamanni / of / Shalmaneser / of / Roman / of / Necromancer /
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/ Mishmannah / of / Naaman / of / Madmannah /
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___________________of___________________
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/ A Goat Who is ? of Ram Who is ? of Alemann-ic Who is ? of Arama-ic Who is ? of Arab-ic /
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/ ae- / Israel / of / Except- Michael / of / Ishmael /
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/ Judas/(Thaddaeus) son of / James / of / Matthew/Levi / and / James the son of Alphaeus, /
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/ Bartimaeus -blind - beggar son of / Timaeus /
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/ Caesar / of / Abimael / of / Eshtael / of / Haeleph / of / Ituraea / of / Jael / of / Jediael / of / Lael /
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/ Mechuyael / of / Mehujael / of / Methushael /
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/ Zacchaeus / of / Nethanael / of / Mishael / of / Rephael / of / Shubael /
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/ Iberiah / of / Ge-rmany / Y-Eye-I / Ger-Mani-ic / of / Iberiah /
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/ Mark son of / Simon(Cephas/Peter) King of Tusc-anah / the son of John / of / Patmos /
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/ Ichabod / Who is ? of / Joseph / Who is ? of / Omar / Who is ? of / Joshua-/-Hoshea /
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/ Codex / of / The Forum of Appius and Three Taverns / of / David's Sin / of / Cappado-CIA /
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/ The Time / of [ The Seventy Weeks ] of / No One Knows /
_____________________________________________________________________
| | |
____|____________________________|____________________________|____
/ Nicopolis / Road to Emmaus / Neapolis /
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/ Haran / of / Arpachshad / of / Mariners / of / Cyprus / of / Mari / of / Carchemish / of / Tiphsah /
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/ The Sect of The Sea of Goiim in Galilee / of / The Lee of Cyprus / of / Cabul-ist / of / Nazareth /
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/ Sham / Con-/ Coniah - Conaniah / of / Artisans / of / Aaron / of / Is-aa-c /
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/ Gershonites / of / Ge-rmany / Y-Eye-I / Ger-Mani-ic / of / Gomer /
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/ Pagans / of / Pagiel / of / Areopagus / of / Azotus / of / Pergamum / of / Ages / Past / Path /
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/ The Tur-Kish - Key of / lord - Chamberlain / of / A-big-dor / Sy-Nob / of / Abi-Lot / of / Jetur /
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/ Carites / of / Ink / of / Missing (Link)-Ly-nx / of / Sink /
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/ Sons of Hinnom / of / Beor / Chi- / Ic- / Hen's of Og / Cross / Rhode / of / Horites /
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/ Do-dan-im / of / Rhodes / of / Amos of Samos of Emmaus / of / R-hine / of / P-hine-has /
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/ Britannia and Kernania, the children of Elisha son of Javan, /
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/ Book of Jubilees / of / Shelah of Eshcol and Aner of Mamre / of / The Books of / Quran /
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/ Maon-ist / Leaven / of / Bera /
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/ That Is / Angels / of / Seraphim / of / Adders / Go Up / Jacob's Ladder / of / Serak /
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/ She-Bears - Cubs / of / Cob-ra / Cub / Ja-cob / of / Cub- / of / Adder / Go Up / Jacob's Ladder /
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/ Prophets / of / Antioch / of / Kadesh- / Barn / Chaff / of / Habakkuk / of / Codex / of / Luke /
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/ Nestor / of / Tabor-ites / of / A Rose / of / Sharon / of / A Stench / of / Carmel / of / Keilah /
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/ The Sect / of / Horites / of / Ic-habod / First Nation / Beor / The Great / Agur / of / Seleu-CIA /
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/ Madai / of / Magog / of / Sy-Nod / of / Anuki / of / Gog / of / Synagogue / of / Satan /
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/ Gabriel -/ Two / Cherubim / of / Obadiah / of / Hammered / Gold /- Rephael /
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/ Haggites / of / Alemanic / of / Habakkuk /
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/ The Matter / of / The Many Colors / of / The Craftsmen / Who is ? Dan's / Pen-tagon / Box /
___________________________________________________________________________
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/ Bronze Serpent / |
/ Servant / of the Dragon / |
/ The Great / Agur - Jagur / |
____|____________________________|____________________________|____
/ Luke / The Scribe / of / Dionysius the Areopagite / of / Buk-ki son of Jogli /
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/ Corinthians / Then take -balances for weighing and divide the hair. / of / Thessalonian's /
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/ Belteshazzar / of / Nazareth / Na-zar-ene / Nazirite / of / Sheshbazzar /
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/ Antioch / of / Hellenist of Alexandria / of / Syrians from Kir ? /
Luke the Evangelist (Ancient Greek: Λουκᾶς, Loukás) is one of the Four Evangelists or authors of canonical Gospels of Jesus Christ.
Luke was a native of the Hellenistic city of Antioch in Syria.
Luke was a native of the Hellenistic city of Antioch in Syria.
/ Ephesians / of / The Rooster of Mordecai / Who is ? of / The Hook /
________________________________________________
/ Artemis / of / Mary / of / Kohath / of / Kath-hol-ic-Dio-s-ese / of / Dio-nysius / of / Areopagus /
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/ Pagans / of / Pagiel / of / Areopagus / of / Azotus / of / Pergamum / of / Ages / Past / Path /
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/ Iberiah / of / Ge-rmany / Y-Eye-I / Ger-Mani-ic / of / Iberiah /
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/ Ptolema-ic / of / Publius / of / Syracuse,/ Sicily / of / Silesia / of / Cilicia / of / Seleu-cia /
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/ Bezalel / of / Craftsman-Ga-latian-Merchants / of / Oholiab /
_________________________________________
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_____________|____________
/ The Three / of / The Forum of Appius and Three Taverns / of / Trident /
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/ Do-dan-im / of / Rhodes / of / Amos / of / Azotus / of / Emmaus / of / R-hine / of / P-hine-has /
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/ Abianus King Chittim / of / Latianus / of / Kikianus King of Cush /
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/ Abianus / King Chittim / Lysanias- Tetrarch of Abilene, / of / Kikianus King of Cush /
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_________of_________
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/ Manaen a lifelong friend of Herod the Tetrarch /
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/ Head Covering /
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/ Codex / of / David's Sin / of / Cappado-CIA /
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_______of_______
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/ Man- / Manahen / of / The Leech / of / Manahath / -Hen /
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________of________
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/ The H-a-e-smonean / of / Antioch / of / Hellenist of Alexandria / of / Syria /
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/ Five Golden Tumors and Five Golden Mice /
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/ The Three / Twins of Ic-habod / " YOU ARE THE MAN "666" / of / The Ewe / of / Jewel /
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/ Maon-ist / Leaven / of / Bera /
Manahen (also Manaen) was a teacher of the Church of Antioch and the foster brother (Gk. syntrophos, Vulg. collactaneus) of Herod Antipas.[1]
_________________
/ Joanna wife of Chuza / and / Physicians / Doctors of the Church / of / Herod /
Little is known of Manahen's life. He is said to be one those who, under the influence of the Holy Spirit, laid hands upon Saul and Barnabas and sent the two apostles on the first of Paul's missionary journeys (Acts 13:1). Since St. Luke was an Antiochene, it is likely that Manahen was one of "the prophets and doctors" of the Church of Antioch, and was one of the "eyewitnesses and ministers of the word" (Luke 1:2) who delivered unto Luke the details which that sacred writer has in regard to Antipas and other members of the Herodian family (Luke 3:1, 19, 20; 8:3; 9:7-9; 13:31, 32; 23:8-12; Acts 12). He may have become a disciple of Jesus with "Joanna, the wife of Chusa, Herod's steward" (Luke 8:3).
_
_
____________________
/ Caligula / Stephen /
In A.D. 39, Antipas left for Rome to gain the favor of Caligula, but instead received an order of perpetual exile. (Jos., "Ant.", XVIII, vii, 2). During this time, the Church of Antioch was founded by Jewish Christians, who "had been dispersed by the persecution that arose on the occasion of Stephen" and had taught the Gospel also to the Greeks of Antioch, (Acts 11:19-24). It is quite likely that St. Manahen was one of these founders of the Antiochene Church.
___________________|___________________
|
/ Pontiphera /
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/ Attalia / of / Merchants / of / Phoenician / of / Cythera Island / of / Cyrpus /
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/ Cenchreae / of / Herodians / of / Antioch /
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/ Church of Jewish Christians Converts /
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/ Mahaneh-dan / of / Menachem / of / Manahaim-Baal-Gad /
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/ Lehemi /
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/ Laban-ese / Phoen-ic-CIA / Crypto Jew-ish / MAphiah / Mob-lord-Cartel-Nob /
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/ Sickle / of / Carpenter Bees / of / Tyre / Y Eye I / Tiras / of / Craftsman / of / Hammer /
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/ Jar of Carpenters - Bees of Bear / Tyrian / Oil / Craftsman / in the Carcass-Or-body of the lion, /
|
____________of____________
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/ Manaen / of / Persian / of / India /
Manichaeism (/ˈmænɨkiːɪzəm/;[1] in Modern Persian آیین مانی Āyin e Māni; Chinese: 摩尼教; pinyin: Móní Jiào) was a major Gnostic religion that was founded by the Iranian[2] prophet Mani (in Persian: مانی, Syriac: ܡܐܢܝ,Latin: Manichaeus or Manes) (c. 216–276 AD) in the Sasanian Persian Empire.[3][4]
Mani (in Middle Persian Māni and Syriac Mānī, Greek Μάνης, Latin Manes; also Μανιχαίος, Latin Manichaeus, from Syriac ܡܐܢܝ ܚܝܐ Mānī ḥayyā "Living Mani",c. 216–274 AD), of Iranian origin,[3][4][5][6] was the prophet and the founder of Manichaeism, a gnostic religion of Late Antiquity which was once widespread but is now extinct. Mani was born in or near Seleucia-Ctesiphon in Parthian Babylonia[1] (Iraq), at the time still part of the Parthian Empire. Six of his major works were written in Syriac Aramaic, and the seventh, dedicated to the Sassanid shahanshah, Shapur I, was written in Middle Persian, his native language.[7] He died in Gundeshapur, under theSassanid Empire.
__________________
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/ Kartah / Zorah / Manaen /
Shapur was not converted to Manichaeanism and remained Zoroastrian.[16]
Shapur's successor Hormizd I (who reigned only for one year) appears to still have patronized Mani, but his successor Bahram I, a follower of the Zoroastrian reformer Kartir, began to persecute the Manichaeans. He incarcerated Mani, who died in prison within a month, in AD 274.[17] Mani's followers depicted Mani's death as a crucifixion in conscious analogy to the death of Christ.
____________________
|
/ Egypt / Greek /
The Cologne Mani-Codex (Codex Manichaicus Coloniensis) is a minute[1] papyrus codex, dated on paleographical evidence to the fifth century AD, found near Asyut (the ancient Lycopolis), Egypt; it contains a Greek text describing the life of Mani, the founder of the religion Manichaeism.
________________
|
/ Anom /
Ancient Asyut was the capital of the Thirteenth Nome of Upper Egypt (Lycopolites Nome) around 3100 BC. It was located on the western bank of the Nile. The two most prominent gods of theAncient Egyptian Asyut were Anubis and Wepwawet, both funerary deities.
_________________
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/ Thebes /
The conflict between this Nome and the southern Nomes under the rule of the Eleventh dynasty ended with the victory of Thebes and the decline of Asyut's importance.
____________________
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/ Carites / Syria / Jerusalem / Kartah / Zorah / Manaen / Synagogue /
The Aleppo Codex (Hebrew: כֶּתֶר אֲרָם צוֹבָא Keter Aram Tzova - "Crown of Aleppo") is a medieval bound manuscript of the Hebrew Bible.
The Karaite Jewish community of Jerusalem purchased the codex about a hundred years after it was made.[5] During the First Crusade, the synagogue was plundered and the codex was transferred to Egypt, whose Jews paid a high price for its ransom.[1] It was preserved at the Karaite then Rabbanite synagogue in Old Cairo, where it was consulted by Maimonides, who described it as a text trusted by all Jewish scholars. It is rumoured that in 1375 one of Maimonides' descendants brought it to Aleppo, Syria, leading to its present name.[1]
________________
/ Their Elders /
________________________|________________________
/ Elon / Goshen / Interfaith / - / Interfaith Dialog / Rabbi /
_________________________________________________
|
Alon Goshen-Gottstein (Hebrew: אלון גושן גוטשטיין) (born 1956, England) is founder and director of The Elijah Interfaith Institute as well as a rabbi, writer, teacher, lecturer, and musician.
From 1950 on, Goshen-Gottstein taught at Hebrew University. He became a professor in 1967. Goshen-Gottstein made important contributions in the areas of Biblical studies, Hebrew linguistics and Semitic linguistics. His numerous articles and books included "Medieval Hebrew syntax and Vocabulary as Influenced by Arabic", "Introduction to the Lexicography of Modern Hebrew" and "The Aleppo Codex" (in which he established the authenticity of this codex). He worked on several dictionaries, among them the "Millon ha-Ivrit ha-Hadashah" ("Dictionary of Modern Hebrew"), the first synchronic dictionary of Hebrew. He was the founder of the Hebrew University Bible Project, which he directed for many years.[1]
__________|___________
/ Amorite / Hamad / Hamhad / Hurro-Urartian / Assyrian /
Yamhad (also written Yamkhad or Jamhad) was an ancient Levantine kingdom centered at Ḥalab (or Ḥalba), modern day Aleppo, Syria[4] The population was predominately Amorites, with a substantialHurrian population who settled in the kingdom, adding the influence of their culture. Yamhad was powerful during the early Bronze Age. Its biggest rivals were Assyria to the East and Qatna to the south. Yamhad dominated northern, northwestern and eastern Syria and had influence over small kingdoms in Mesopotamia at the borders of Elam, it was eventually destroyed by the Hittites,
then annexed by Mitanni in the 16th century BC.
________|________
/ Hamath / Tarsus / Merchants / Kadesh / Kedesh / Arpad / Cachemish /
The Mitanni controlled trade routes down the Khabur to Mari and up the Euphrates from there to Charchamesh. For a time they also controlled the Assyrian territories of the upper Tigris and its headwaters at Nineveh, Arbil, Assur and Nuzi. Their allies included Kizuwatna in southeastern Anatolia, Mukish which stretched between Ugarit and Quatna west of the Orontes to the sea, and the Niya which controlled the east bank of the Orontes from Alalah down through Aleppo, Ebla and Hama to Qatna and Kadesh. To the east, they had good relations with the Kassites.[2] The land of Mitanni in northern Syria extended from the Taurus mountains to its west and as far east as Nuzi (modern Kirkuk) and the river Tigris in the east. In the south, it extended from Aleppo across (Nuhashshe) to Mari on the Euphrates in the east. Its centre was in the Khabur River valley, with two capitals: Taite and Washshukanni called Taidu andUshshukana respectively in Assyrian sources. The whole area allows agriculture without artificial irrigation; cattle, sheep and goats were raised. It is very similar to Assyria in climate, and was settled by both indigenous Hurrian and Amoritic-speaking (Amurru) populations.
Mani (in Middle Persian Māni and Syriac Mānī, Greek Μάνης, Latin Manes; also Μανιχαίος, Latin Manichaeus, from Syriac ܡܐܢܝ ܚܝܐ Mānī ḥayyā "Living Mani",c. 216–274 AD), of Iranian origin,[3][4][5][6] was the prophet and the founder of Manichaeism, a gnostic religion of Late Antiquity which was once widespread but is now extinct. Mani was born in or near Seleucia-Ctesiphon in Parthian Babylonia[1] (Iraq), at the time still part of the Parthian Empire. Six of his major works were written in Syriac Aramaic, and the seventh, dedicated to the Sassanid shahanshah, Shapur I, was written in Middle Persian, his native language.[7] He died in Gundeshapur, under theSassanid Empire.
__________________
|
/ Kartah / Zorah / Manaen /
Shapur was not converted to Manichaeanism and remained Zoroastrian.[16]
Shapur's successor Hormizd I (who reigned only for one year) appears to still have patronized Mani, but his successor Bahram I, a follower of the Zoroastrian reformer Kartir, began to persecute the Manichaeans. He incarcerated Mani, who died in prison within a month, in AD 274.[17] Mani's followers depicted Mani's death as a crucifixion in conscious analogy to the death of Christ.
____________________
|
/ Egypt / Greek /
The Cologne Mani-Codex (Codex Manichaicus Coloniensis) is a minute[1] papyrus codex, dated on paleographical evidence to the fifth century AD, found near Asyut (the ancient Lycopolis), Egypt; it contains a Greek text describing the life of Mani, the founder of the religion Manichaeism.
________________
|
/ Anom /
Ancient Asyut was the capital of the Thirteenth Nome of Upper Egypt (Lycopolites Nome) around 3100 BC. It was located on the western bank of the Nile. The two most prominent gods of theAncient Egyptian Asyut were Anubis and Wepwawet, both funerary deities.
_________________
|
/ Thebes /
The conflict between this Nome and the southern Nomes under the rule of the Eleventh dynasty ended with the victory of Thebes and the decline of Asyut's importance.
____________________
|
/ Carites / Syria / Jerusalem / Kartah / Zorah / Manaen / Synagogue /
The Aleppo Codex (Hebrew: כֶּתֶר אֲרָם צוֹבָא Keter Aram Tzova - "Crown of Aleppo") is a medieval bound manuscript of the Hebrew Bible.
The Karaite Jewish community of Jerusalem purchased the codex about a hundred years after it was made.[5] During the First Crusade, the synagogue was plundered and the codex was transferred to Egypt, whose Jews paid a high price for its ransom.[1] It was preserved at the Karaite then Rabbanite synagogue in Old Cairo, where it was consulted by Maimonides, who described it as a text trusted by all Jewish scholars. It is rumoured that in 1375 one of Maimonides' descendants brought it to Aleppo, Syria, leading to its present name.[1]
________________
/ Their Elders /
________________________|________________________
/ Elon / Goshen / Interfaith / - / Interfaith Dialog / Rabbi /
_________________________________________________
|
Alon Goshen-Gottstein (Hebrew: אלון גושן גוטשטיין) (born 1956, England) is founder and director of The Elijah Interfaith Institute as well as a rabbi, writer, teacher, lecturer, and musician.
From 1950 on, Goshen-Gottstein taught at Hebrew University. He became a professor in 1967. Goshen-Gottstein made important contributions in the areas of Biblical studies, Hebrew linguistics and Semitic linguistics. His numerous articles and books included "Medieval Hebrew syntax and Vocabulary as Influenced by Arabic", "Introduction to the Lexicography of Modern Hebrew" and "The Aleppo Codex" (in which he established the authenticity of this codex). He worked on several dictionaries, among them the "Millon ha-Ivrit ha-Hadashah" ("Dictionary of Modern Hebrew"), the first synchronic dictionary of Hebrew. He was the founder of the Hebrew University Bible Project, which he directed for many years.[1]
__________|___________
/ Amorite / Hamad / Hamhad / Hurro-Urartian / Assyrian /
Yamhad (also written Yamkhad or Jamhad) was an ancient Levantine kingdom centered at Ḥalab (or Ḥalba), modern day Aleppo, Syria[4] The population was predominately Amorites, with a substantialHurrian population who settled in the kingdom, adding the influence of their culture. Yamhad was powerful during the early Bronze Age. Its biggest rivals were Assyria to the East and Qatna to the south. Yamhad dominated northern, northwestern and eastern Syria and had influence over small kingdoms in Mesopotamia at the borders of Elam, it was eventually destroyed by the Hittites,
then annexed by Mitanni in the 16th century BC.
________|________
/ Hamath / Tarsus / Merchants / Kadesh / Kedesh / Arpad / Cachemish /
The Mitanni controlled trade routes down the Khabur to Mari and up the Euphrates from there to Charchamesh. For a time they also controlled the Assyrian territories of the upper Tigris and its headwaters at Nineveh, Arbil, Assur and Nuzi. Their allies included Kizuwatna in southeastern Anatolia, Mukish which stretched between Ugarit and Quatna west of the Orontes to the sea, and the Niya which controlled the east bank of the Orontes from Alalah down through Aleppo, Ebla and Hama to Qatna and Kadesh. To the east, they had good relations with the Kassites.[2] The land of Mitanni in northern Syria extended from the Taurus mountains to its west and as far east as Nuzi (modern Kirkuk) and the river Tigris in the east. In the south, it extended from Aleppo across (Nuhashshe) to Mari on the Euphrates in the east. Its centre was in the Khabur River valley, with two capitals: Taite and Washshukanni called Taidu andUshshukana respectively in Assyrian sources. The whole area allows agriculture without artificial irrigation; cattle, sheep and goats were raised. It is very similar to Assyria in climate, and was settled by both indigenous Hurrian and Amoritic-speaking (Amurru) populations.
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/ Pelonites /
The Maniots or Maniates (Greek: Μανιάτες) are the inhabitants of the Mani Peninsula in the southern Peloponnese, Greece. They were also formerly known as Mainotes and the peninsula as Maina. The Maniots are the direct descendants of the Ancient Spartans and therefore are of the Dorian tribe of Greeks, the Maniots are in fact the last (of the) Ancient Spartans (along with the Tsakonians to some extent).
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/ Cretans / of / Manaen / from Kartah / of Adinah from Cush of Thebes / of / Shinar /
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/ Cretans / of / Ma-naen / of Manoah / of Maon /
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/ Me-unim / Menon / Mi-nnith / Minni /
/ Meonothai /
/ Meon-o-thai / fathered / Ophrah / of / Baal-meon /
Nathanael
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/ Pelonites /
The Maniots or Maniates (Greek: Μανιάτες) are the inhabitants of the Mani Peninsula in the southern Peloponnese, Greece. They were also formerly known as Mainotes and the peninsula as Maina. The Maniots are the direct descendants of the Ancient Spartans and therefore are of the Dorian tribe of Greeks, the Maniots are in fact the last (of the) Ancient Spartans (along with the Tsakonians to some extent).
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/ Cretans / of / Manaen / from Kartah / of Adinah from Cush of Thebes / of / Shinar /
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/ Cretans / of / Ma-naen / of Manoah / of Maon /
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/ Me-unim / Menon / Mi-nnith / Minni /
/ Meonothai /
/ Meon-o-thai / fathered / Ophrah / of / Baal-meon /
Nathanael
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________________
/ Mandaeans / Aramaic / / Syria / Mandaeans (Modern Mandaic: מנדעניא Mandaʻnāye, Arabic: الصابئة المندائيون aṣ-Ṣabi'a al-Mandā'iyūn) are an ethnoreligious group indigenous to the alluvial plain of southern Mesopotamia and are followers of Mandaeism, a Gnostic religion. The Mandaeans were originally native speakers of Mandaic, a Semitic language that evolved from Eastern Middle Aramaic, before many switched to colloquial Iraqi Arabic and Modern Persian. Mandaic is mainly preserved as a liturgical language. During the century's first decade the indigenous Mandaic community of Iraq, which used to number 60–70,000 persons, collapsed in the aftermath of the Iraq War of 2003; most of the community relocated to nearby Iran, Syria and Jordan, or formed diaspora communities beyond the Middle East. The other indigenous community of Iranian Mandaeans has also been dwindling as a result of religious persecution over that decade.[3] ________________
/ Parthian / Elumas / Early Persian periods[edit]A number of ancient Aramaic inscriptions dating back to the 2nd century CE were uncovered in Elymais. Although the letters appear quite similar to the Mandaean ones, it is doubtful whether the inhabitants of Elyamis were Mandaeans.[13] Under Parthian and early Sasanian rule, foreign religions were tolerated. The situation changed by the ascension of Bahram I in 273, who under the influence of the zealous Zoroastrian high priest Kartir persecuted all non-Zoroastrian religions. It is thought that this persecution encouraged the consolidation of Mandaean religious literature.[13] The persecutions instigated by Kartir seems to temporarily erase Mandaeans from recorded history. Traces of their presence can still however be found in the so-called Mandaean magical bowls and lead strips which were produced from the 3rd to the 7th centuries.[14] _______________
/ Goldsmith / Modern Iraq and Iran[edit]Following the First World War, the Mandaeans were still largely living in rural areas in the lower parts of British protected Iraq and Iran. Owing to the rise of Arab nationalism Mandaeans were arabised at an accelerated rate, especially during the 1950s and '60s. The Mandaeans were also forced to abandon their stands on the cutting of hair and forced military service, which are strictly prohibited in Mandaenism.[16] The 2003 Iraq War brought more troubles to the Mandaeans, as the security situation deteriorated. Many members of the Mandaean community, who were known as goldsmiths, were targeted by criminal gangs for ransoms. The rise of Islamic Extremism forced thousands to flee the country, after they were given the choice of conversion or death.[17] It is estimated that around 90% of Iraqi Mandaeans were either killed or have fled after the American-led invasion.[17] The Mandaeans of Iran lived chiefly in Ahvaz, Iranian Khuzestan, but have moved as a result of the Iraq-Iran War to other cities such as Tehran, Karaj and Shiraz. The Mandaeans, who were traditionally considered as People of the Book (members of a protected religion under Islamic rule) lost this status after the Islamic Revolution. Local authorities in Iranian Islamic Republic are known to encourage harassment and persecution of the Mandaeans.[18] |
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/ Manaen / Rome / Antioch / Manahen (also Manaen) was a teacher of the Church of Antioch and the foster brother (Gk. syntrophos, Vulg. collactaneus) of Herod Antipas.[1] Little is known of Manahen's life. He is said to be one those who, under the influence of the Holy Spirit, laid hands upon Saul and Barnabas and sent the two Apostles on the first of St. Paul's missionary journeys (Acts 13:1). Since St. Luke was an Antiochene, it is likely that Manahen was one of "the prophets and doctors" of the Church of Antioch, and was one of the "eyewitnesses and ministers of the word" (Luke 1:2) who delivered unto Luke the details which that sacred writer has in regard to Antipas and other members of the Herodian family (Luke 3:1, 19, 20; 8:3; 9:7-9; 13:31, 32; 23:8-12; Acts 12). He may have become a disciple of Jesus with "Joanna, the wife of Chusa, Herod's steward" (Luke 8:3). In A.D. 39, Antipas left for Rome to gain the favor of Caligula, but instead received an order of perpetual exile. (Jos., "Ant.", XVIII, vii, 2). During this time, the Church of Antioch was founded by Jewish Christians, who "had been dispersed by the persecution that arose on the occasion of Stephen" and had taught the Gospel also to the Greeks of Antioch, (Acts 11:19-24). It is quite likely that St. Manahen was one of these founders of the Antiochene Church. His feast day is celebrated on May 23[2] in the Orthodox Church and on May 24[3] in the Roman Catholic Church. / Ashkenazi /
____________________ / Mannaeans / For the Arab Bedouin tribe, see Al Mannai. History of Greater Iran Until the rise of modern nation-statesPre-modernPre-Islamic [show] Islamic [show] The Mannaeans /məˈniːənz/ (country name usually Mannea; Akkadian: Mannai, possibly Biblical Minni, מנּי) were an ancient people who lived in the territory of present-day northwestern Iran south of lake Urmia, around the 10th to 7th centuries BC. At that time they were neighbors of the empires of Assyria and Urartu, as well as other small buffer states between the two, such as Musasir and Zikirta. ________________
/ Persian / Medes / ___________________ / Cyrus the Great / ___________________ / Cyrus the Great son of Cambyses I king ofAnshan and Mandanadaughter of Astyages Cambyses I or Cambyses the Elder, Persian: کمبوجيه يکم (via Latin from Greek Καμβύσης from Old Persian:Kambūǰiya-, Elamite: Kanbuziya, Akkadian: Kambuziya, Aramaic Knbwzy; c. 600 BC–559 BC) was king of Anshan inIran from c. 580 to 559 BC and the father of Cyrus the Great (Cyrus II), younger son of Cyrus I, and brother of Arukku.[1] He should not be confused with his better-known grandson Cambyses II. Cambyses was an early member of the Achaemenid dynasty. He was apparently a great-grandson of its founder Achaemenes, grandson of Teispes and son of Cyrus I. His paternal uncle was Ariaramnes and his first cousin was Arsames. According to Herodotus, Cambyses was "a man of good family and quiet habits". He reigned under the overlordship of Astyages, King of Media. He was reportedly married to Princess Mandane of Media, a daughter to Astyages and Princess Aryenis of Lydia. His wife was reportedly a granddaughter to both Cyaxares of Media and Alyattes II of Lydia. ________________________ According to Herodotus, Mandana was born to Astyages, King of Media and son of Cyaxares the Great, and Princess Aryenis of Lydia, daughter of Alyattes II, the father of _____________________________ / Croesus of Lydia. / _____________________ Gold Coins ______________________ Croesus is credited with issuing the first true gold coins with a standardised purity for general circulation. The result of their marriage was the birth of his successor Cyrus the Great. According to Nicolas of Damascus his original name was Atradates, and he was wounded and later died in the Battle of the Persian Border which he, with his son, fought against Astyages. It occurred in about 551 BC, and he is reported to have received an honorable burial. According to Herodotus, Astyages chose Cambyses as a son-in-law because he considered him to pose no threat to the Median throne, having dreamt his daughter would give birth to one who would rule Asia. This was not the case with Cyrus the Great who would go on to depose his grandfather, and begin the Persian Empire. _________________ Cyaxares of Media grandson of Deioces, had a far greater military reputation than his father or grandfather. Deioces, Diako, Deyaco, Diyako or Deiokes (Greek Δηιόκης) was the first king of the Medes according to Herodotus. In the late 8th century BC there was aDaiukku or Dayukku[1] who was a Mannaean provincial governor. Perhaps Herodotus used the name in error.[2] |
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/ Minaeans / Sabeans / The Minaeans were the inhabitants of the kingdom of Ma'in (Old South Arabian mʿn, vocalized Maʿīn; modern Arabic معين Maʿīn) in modern day Yemen, dating back to the 6th century BCE.[1] It was located along the strip of desert called Ṣayhad by medieval Arab geographers, which is now known as Ramlat al-Sab`atayn. _________________ / Jamin / of / Temeni / The Minaean people were one of four ancient Yemeni groups mentioned by Eratosthenes. The others were the Sabaeans, Ḥaḑramites and Qatabānians. Each of these had regional kingdoms in ancient Yemen, with the Minaeans in the north-west (in Wādī al-Jawf), the Sabaeans to the south-east of them, the Qatabānians to the south-east of the Sabaeans, and the Ḥaḑramites east of them. _________________
/ Dedan / / Gaza / Sabeans / Angeas / History [edit]Nothing is known about the early history of this north Yemeni kingdom. The region later to be known as Ma’īn first enters history at the time of the Sabaean mukarrib Karib’il Watar I, and at that time consisted of a number of small city-states, which were under very strong Sabaean influence. The inscriptions from the city-state of Ḥaram, which date from this time, exhibit Minaean linguistic features, alongside the significant Sabaean impact. The Kingdom of Ma’īn emerged in the 6th century BCE, but then found itself under the rule of Saba’. Only in about 400 BCE were the Minaeans able to ally themselves to Ḥaḑramawt and free themselves from Saba’. In the 4th century both Ma’īn and Ḥaḑramawt were ruled by the same family, a close relationship that broke up again probably in the second half of the same century. The next capital of the kingdom was Yathill (modern Baraqish) and later Qarnāwu (near modern Ma’īn). The kingdom enjoyed its golden age in the 3rd century BCE when it was able to extend its influence all along the incense trail due to the conquest of Najrān, ‘Asīr and Ḥijāz. From the time of Waqah'il Sadiq I. (Hermann von Wissmann: 360 BCE; Kenneth A. Kitchen: ca. 190–175 BCE Minaean rule reached as far asDedan. The extent of their long distance trade is also shown by the presence of Minaean merchants in the Aegean. With the expansion of Ma’īn as far as the Red Sea they were also able to carry out sea trade. At the end of the 2nd century BCE Ma’īn found itself under the rule of Qatabān, but after the collapse of the Qatabānian Empire a few centuries later, the Minaean Kingdom fell too. The area was under Sabaean rule at the latest by the time the Roman general Aelius Gallus waged a military campaign in the area in 25/24 BCE. ________________ / Arab-ah / Arabians / Trade [edit]The Minaeans, like some other Arabian and Yemenite kingdoms of the same period, were involved in the extremely lucrative spice trade, especially frankincense and myrrh.[2]Inscriptions found in Qanāwu mention a number of major caravan stations along the trading route, including Yathrib (Medina) and Gaza; there is also a brief account of how war between the Egyptians and Syrians interrupted the trade for a while. __________________ / Their Elders / __________________ The Minaeans had a different social structure to the rest of the Old South Arabians. Their king was the only one involved in lawmaking, along with a council of elders, who in Ma'īn represented the priesthood as well as families of high social class. The Minaeans were divided into groups of various sizes, led by a very high official called the kabīr , appointed once every two years, who was in charge of one or sometimes all of the trading posts. |
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/ Manes /
In ancient Roman religion, the Manes /ˈmeɪniːz/ or Di Manes are chthonic deities sometimes thought to represent souls of deceased loved ones. They were associated with the Lares, Lemures, Genii, and Di Penates as deities (di) that pertained to domestic, local, and personal cult. They belonged broadly to the category of di inferi, "those who dwell below,"[1] the undifferentiated collective of divine dead.[2] The Manes were honored during the Parentalia and Feralia in February.
The theologian Augustine, writing about the subject a few centuries after most of the Latin pagan references to such spirits, differentiated Manes from other types of Roman spirits:
The theologian Augustine, writing about the subject a few centuries after most of the Latin pagan references to such spirits, differentiated Manes from other types of Roman spirits:
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[ Barnabas and Saul Sent Off ]
Now there were in the church at Antioch prophets and teachers, Barnabas,
Simeon who was called Niger,
Lucius of Cyrene,
Manaen a lifelong friend of Herod the tetrarch, and Saul.
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[ Barnabas and Saul Sent Off ]
Now there were in the church at Antioch prophets and teachers, Barnabas,
Simeon who was called Niger,
Lucius of Cyrene,
Manaen a lifelong friend of Herod the tetrarch, and Saul.
__________________________
[ Barnabas and Saul Sent Off ] Now there were in the church at Antioch prophets and teachers, Barnabas, Simeon who was called Niger, Lucius of Cyrene, Manaen a lifelong friend of Herod the tetrarch, and Saul.
Acts 13:1-3 (in Context) Acts 13 (Whole Chapter) Other Translations
Acts 13:1-3 (in Context) Acts 13 (Whole Chapter) Other Translations